16MBA1649

EXPERIMENT-6
PAIRED SAMPLES T-TEST

A clinic provides a program to help their clients lose weight and asks a consumer agency to investigate
the effectiveness of the program. The agency takes a sample of 15 people, weighting each person in the
sample before the program begins and 3 months later to produce the table in figure as given below:

At 5% level of significance check whether the program is effective.

HYPOTHESIS:
Every hypothesis test requires the analyst to state a null hypothesis and an alternative hypothesis.
The hypotheses are stated in such a way that they are mutually exclusive. That is, if one is true,
the other must be false; and vice versa.

Ho: Program is effective

Ha: Program is not effective
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THEORY:
The dependent t-test (called the paired-samples t-test in SPSS Statistics) compares the means
between two related groups on the same continuous, dependent variable. It is used to determine
whether the mean of a dependent variable (e.g., weight, anxiety level, salary, reaction time, etc.)
is the same in two related groups (e.g., two groups of participants that are measured at two
different "time points" or who undergo two different "conditions").

FORMULA:

ASSUMPTIONS:
Dependent variable should be measured at the interval or ratio level.
Independent variable should consist of two categorical, "related groups" or "matched pairs"
No significant outliers in the differences between the two related groups.
The distribution of the differences in the dependent variable between the two related groups
should be approximately normally distributed.

PROCEDURE:

STEP 1: Click Analyze > Compare Means > Paired-Samples T Test on the top menu, as shown
below:
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STEP 2: You will be presented with the Paired-Samples T Test dialogue box, as shown below:

STEP 3: Transfer the variables weight before start and weight after completion into the paired
variables box.

STEP 4: Change the confidence level limits or exclude cases, click on the options button. You
will be presented with the Paired-Samples T Test: Options dialogue box, as shown below:
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STEP 5: Click the continue button and returned to the Paired-Samples T Test dialogue box.
STEP 6: Click the OK button.

OUTPUT:

CONCLUSION:
As the value of p<0.05, null hypothesis is rejected which means that the program was not
effective.