PROBLEM 6.

14

Determine the force in each member of the Gambrel roof truss

shown. State whether each member is in tension or compression.

SOLUTION

FBD Truss: Fx = 0 Ax = 0

By symmetry: A y = J y = 5 kN

FAB = FHJ ; FAC = FIJ ; FBD = FGH

and FCD = FGI ; FDE = FEG ; FDF = FFG
FBC = FHI

By inspection of joint F: FEF = 0 W

Joint FBDs: 8 89
Fy = 0: 5 kN 1 kN FAB = 0 FAB = kN
Joint A: 89 2
FAB = 4.72 kN C W

5 89
Fx = 0: FAC kN = 0
89 2
FAC = 2.50 kN T W

so FHJ = 4.72 kN C W
Joint B: FIJ = 2.50 kN T W

5 89
Fx = 0: kN FBD FBC = 0
89 2

8 89
Fy = 0: kN FBD + FBC 1 kN = 0
89 2

Solving: FBD = 4.127 kN so FBD = 4.13 kN C W

FAB = 0.5896 kN and FBC = 0.590 kN C W

so FGH = 4.13 kN C W

and FHI = 0.590 kN C W

 PROBLEM 6.14 CONTINUED
Joint C:
5
Fx = 0: FCI + (.59 kN ) 2.5 kN = 0; FCI = 2.187 kN
89
FCI = 2.19 kN T W

8
Fy = 0: FCD (.59 kN ) = 0 FCD = 0.500 kN T W
89
so FGI = 0.500 kN T W

8 5
Fy = 0: ( 4.127 kN ) 2.5 kN FDE = 0
89 281
FDE = 3.352 kN
Joint D: so FDE = 3.35 kN C W

and FEG = 3.35 kN C W

5 16
Fx = ( 4.127 kN ) ( 3.352 kN ) + FDF = 0
89 281
FDF = 1.012 kN T W

FFG = 1.012 kN T W
 PROBLEM 6.15

Determine the force in each member of the Pratt bridge truss shown.
State whether each member is in tension or compression.

SOLUTION

FBD Truss:
Fx = 0: A x = 0

By symmetry: A y = H y = 9 kN

and FAB = FFH ; FAC = FGH

FBC = FFG ; FBD = FDF
FBE = FEF ; FCE = FEG

By inspection of joint D: FDE = 0 W

FBDs Joints: 4
Fy = 0: 9 kN FAB = 0 FAB = 11.25 kN C W
5
3
Fx = 0: FAC FAB = 0 FAC = 6.75 kN T W
5

Fx = 0: FCE 6.75 kN = 0 FCE = 6.75 kN T W

Fy = 0: FBC 6 kN = 0 FBC = 6.00 kN T W

4 4
Fy = 0: (11.25 kN ) 6 kN + FBE = 0
5 5
FBE = 3.75 kN C W

3 3
Fx = 0: FBD (11.25 kN ) ( 3.75 kN ) = 0
5 5
FBD = 9.00 kN T W

From symmetry conditions above FFH = 11.25 kN C W

FGH = 6.75 kN T W

FEG = 6.75 kN T W

FFG = 6.00 kN T W

FEF = 3.75 kN C W

FDF = 9.00 kN T W
 PROBLEM 6.16

Determine the force in each member of the Pratt bridge truss shown.
State whether each member is in tension or compression. Assume
that the load at G has been removed.

SOLUTION

FBD Truss: Fx = 0: A x = 0

M A = 0: (12 m ) H y ( 6 m )( 6 kN ) ( 3 m )( 6 kN ) = 0

H y = 4.5 kN

Fy = 0: Ay 6 kN 6 kN + 4.5 kN = 0

A y = 7.5 kN

4.5 kN F F
Joint FBDs: = GH = FH
4 3 5
Joint H:
FGH = 3.375 kN FGH = 3.38 kN T W

FFH = 5.625 kN FFH = 5.63 kN C W

By inspection of joint G: FFG = 0 W

FEG = FGH = 3.38 kN T W

Joint F:
5.625 kN F F
= EF = DF FEF = 5.63 kN T W
5 5 6
FDF = 6.75 kN C W

By inspection of joint D : FDE = 0 W

FBD = FDF = 6.75 kN C W

Joint B:
By inspection of joint C: FAC = FCE and FBC = 6.00 kN T W

3
Fx = 0: ( FAB + FBE ) 6.75 kN = 0
5
4
Fy = 0: ( FAB FBE ) 6 kN = 0
5
4
Fy = 0: ( FAB FBE ) 6 kN = 0
5
 PROBLEM 6.16 CONTINUED

Solving: FAB = 9.375 kN so FAB = 9.38 kN C W

Joint A: FBE = 1.875 kN FBE = 1.875 kN T W

FAC 7.5 kN 9.375 kN

= = FAC = 5.625 kN
3 4 5
FAC = 5.63 kN T W

From above FCE = 5.63 kN T W

 PROBLEM 6.17

Determine the force in member DE and in each of the members

located to the left of DE for the inverted Howe roof truss shown.
State whether each member is in tension or compression.

SOLUTION

FBD Truss: Fx = 0: A x = 0

By load symmetry A y = H y = 2400 lb

10.08
Note: = tan 1 = 16.26
15.81 + 18.75
= 90 2 = 57.48; = 180 = 32.52

Joint FBDs: Fy = 0: ( 2400 lb 600 lb ) cos FAC sin = 0

Joint A:
FAC =
(1800 lb ) = 6171.5 lb; FAC = 6.17 kips T W
tan16.26

Fx = 0: (6171.5 lb) cos 2 FAB cos = 0

cos 32.52
FAB = 6171.5 = 5420.7 lb; FAB = 5.42 kips C W
cos16.26

Joint B:
Fx = 0: 5420.7 lb + (1200 lb ) sin FBD = 0

FBD = 5420.7 + 1200sin16.26 = 5756.7 lb FBD = 5.76 kips C W

Fy = 0: FBC (1200 lb ) cos = 0 FBC = 1152 lb

Joint C:
FBC = 1.152 kips C W

Fy = 0: FCD sin 2 (1152 lb ) cos = 0

cos16.26
FCD = 1152 = 2057.2 lb FCD = 2.06 kips T W
sin 32.52
Fx = 0: FCE + (1152 lb ) sin + ( 2057.2 lb ) cos 2 6171.5 lb = 0
 PROBLEM 6.17 CONTINUED

FCE = 6171.5 1152sin16.26 2057.2cos 32.52

= 4114.3 lb FCE = 4.11 kips T W

Joint E: Fy = 0: ( 4114.3 lb ) sin 2 FDE cos = 0

sin 32.52
FDE = 4114.3 = 2304.0 lb FDE = 2.30 kips C W
cos16.26
 PROBLEM 6.18

Determine the force in each of the members located to the right of

DE for the inverted Howe roof truss shown. State whether each
member is in tension or compression.

SOLUTION

FBD Truss: Fx = 0: A x = 0

By symmetry of loads A y = H y = 2400 lb

10.08
Note: = tan 1 = 16.26
15.81 + 18.75

= 90 2 = 57.48

Joint FBDs:
Joint H: Fy = 0: 2400 lb 600 lb FFH sin = 0

1800 lb
FFH = = 6428.7 lb FFH = 6.43 kips C W
sin16.26

Fx = 0: ( 6428.7 lb ) cos FGH = 0

FGH = 6428.7 cos16.32 = 6171.5 lb FGH = 6.17 kips T W

Joint F:
Fy = 0: FFG (1200 lb ) cos = 0 FFG = 1152.0 lb

FFG = 1.152 kips C W

Fx = 0: FDF + (1200 lb ) sin 6428.7 lb = 0

FDF = 6428.7 1200sin16.26 = 6092.7 lb FDF = 6.09 kips C W

 PROBLEM 6.18 CONTINUED

Joint G: Fy = 0: FDG sin 2 (1152 lb) cos = 0

cos16.26
FDG = 1152 = 2057.2 lb FDG = 2.06 kips T W
sin 32.52

Fx = 0: 6171.5 lb 2057.2cos 2 FEG 1152 lb sin = 0

FEG = 6171.5 2057.2cos 32.52 (1152lb ) sin 16.26 = 4114.3 lb

FEG = 4.11 kips T W