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Hydraulic torque converters are pretty simple

A hydraulic torque converter can be broken down into three main components: the impeller,
the turbine, and the stator.

The impeller, or pump, is a ring of metal blades driven by the engine shaft that transfers kinetic
energy by flinging fluid around. Its spinning motion also draws more fluid into the center by
creating a vacuum. The fluid from the impeller eventually hits the turbine a set of three-ring
blades connected to the engine shaft. The pressure from the fluid turns the turbine, which
causes the transmission to spin, thus powering the machine.

The fluid then exits the turbine in the opposite direction, away from the engine and pump spin.
This is where the stator comes in: Made from two non-rotating blade sets and located in
stationary housing between rings of turbine blades, the stator is designed to stop the flying fluid
from slowing the engine by hitting the pump.

2. Hydraulic torque converters can actually multiply torque in the right setting
A torque converter is a hydrodynamic fluid coupling that takes the place of a clutch in vehicles
with automatic transmissions. In other words, they allow the engine to turn while the machines
wheels and transmission gears come to a complete stop. Theyre also used to take the rotational
power from a prime mover, like an engine or motor, and transfer it to the driven load.

But heres the kicker hydraulic torque converters can actually end up multiplying torque and
functioning as a reduction gear if there is a sufficient difference between the input and output
rotational speed.

3. Hydraulic torque converts run better, longer and more efficiently

Hydraulic torque converters are more fuel-efficient and promote longer life in your engine and
industrial equipment. They offer better shock protection and more reliable automatic braking,
which makes your heavy machinery operate more smoothly overall.