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Vectorial Base Dimensión
Vectorial Base Dimensión
Sesin 27
*Base
*Dimensin
Act. 4
Axioma 1 (Cerradura) u+v V Axioma 2 (Conmutatividad) u+v=v+u Axioma 3 (Asociatividad)
(u+v)+w=u(v+w)
u = (1 , 1 ) v=(2 , 2 ) u = (1 , 1 ) v=(2 , 2 )
u = (1 , 1 ) v=(2 , 2 )
u+v = (1 + 2 , 1 + 2 ) 2 u+v = (1 + 2 , 1 + 2 )
(u+v)+w = (1 + 2 , 1 + 2 )+w
v+u = (2 + 1 , 2 +1 )
(u+v)+w = ((1 + 2 ) + , (1 + 2 )+w)
u+v=v+u
u(v+w)=( 1 + 1 ) (2 + 2 )+w
Axioma 4 (Neutro Aditivo) u+0=u Axioma 5 (Inverso Aditivo) u+(-u)=0 Axioma 6 (Cerradura por escalar) ()
u + 0 = (1 , 1 ) + (0,0) u + (u) = (1 , 1 ) + (1 , 1 )
(1 , 1 )= ( 1 , 1 )
u + 0 = (1 + 0, 1 + 0) u + (u) = (1 1 , 1 1 )
u + 0 = (1 , 1 ) 5(-1,2)=(-5,10)
u + (u) = (0,0)=0
(1 , 2 , 1 , 2 )= (1 , 1 )+ ( 2 , 2 ) ( +) = + . = 4 =2 u=(0,1)
(1 , 2 , 1 , 2 )= ( 1 , 1 )+ ( 2 , 2 ) A) ( +)=(4+2)(0,1)
(1 , 2 , 1 , 2 )= ( 1 , 2 )+ ( 1 , 2 ) ( +)=6(0,1)= (0,6)
(1 , 2 , 1 , 2 )= ( 1 + 2 ), ( 1 + 2 ) ) + = 4(0,1) + 2(0,1)
+ = (0,4) + (0,2) =(0,6)
Axioma 9 (Asocietividad) ( ) u= ( )
Axioma 10(Neutro Multiplicativo) =
A) ( ) u=4*8(2,3)
1u = 1(2,4) = (2,4) = u
( ) u=32(2,3) =(64,96)
B) ( u)=4(8(2,3))
( u)=4(16,24))
( u)=(64,96)
Nota: El conjunto L recibe el nombre de subespacio vectorial.
1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
Sea el conjunto B= {[ ][ ][ ][ ]}
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
Se dice que es una base de espacio vectorial.
1 1
A= [ ]
0 1
Entonces
1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
[ ]=1[ ] + (1) [ ] + (0) [ ] + (1) [ ]
0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
u V u=1 1 +2 2 +. . . +
2 = {(, )}
B= {(1,0), (0,1)}
Ejemplo
(2,6)=2(1,0) + 6(0,1)
(2,6)= (2,6)
u=1 1 +2 2
dim(B)=2
07/11/2017
Sesin 28
Orden: 0
u= [ ]
0 0
*Conjunto
0
Linealmente v=[ ]
0 0
independiente
*Bases de V
Act. 5
Axioma 3 (Asociatividad)
Axioma 1 (Cerradura) u+v V Axioma 2 (Conmutatividad) u+v=v+u
(u+v)+w=u+(v+w)
0 0 + 0 + 0
u+v=[ ]+[ ] u+v=[ ]= v+u=[ ] + 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A) (u+v)+w=[ ]+[ ]
0 0 0 0
0 0 ++ 0
+ 0 =[ ]+ [ ] (u+v)+w=[ ]
u+v=[ ] 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
B) u(v+w)= [ ]([ ]+[ ])
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 + 0
u(v+w)= [ ] +([ ])
0 0 0 0
Axioma 4 (Neutro Aditivo) u+0=u Axioma 5 (Inverso Aditivo) u+(-u)=0 ++ 0
u(v+w)= [ ]
0 0
0 0 0 0 0
+0=[ ]+[ ] + () = [ ]+[ ]
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
U+0=[ ] u+(-u)= [ ]=[ ]
0 0 0 0 0 0
Axioma 9 (Asocietividad) ( ) u= ( )
Axioma 8 ( Distributividad 1) ( +) = + . ( ) 0
0
A) ( ) u= ( ) [ ]=[ ]
( +) 0 ( + a) 0 0 0 0 0
A) ( +)u = [ ] =[ ]
0 0 0 0 0 0
B) ( ) = [ ] = [ ]
0 0 0 0
() 0 () 0 ( + ) 0
B) u + u=[ ]+[ ]=[ ]
0 0 0 0 0 0
Axioma 10(Neutro Multiplicativo) =
0 0
1u = 1 [ ]=[ ]=
0 0 0 0
Base
B= {1, x, 2 , 3 }
Dim(V)=4
Actividad 5
+ = 0
+2 + 2 = 0
3 + 3 = 0
1 0 10 1 0 10 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0
(1 2 2|0) ~ (0 2 1|0) ~ (0 1 1/2|0) ~ (0 1 1/2|0)
0 3 30 0 3 30 0 3 3 0 0 0 3/2 0
1 0 1 0 1 0 00
~ (0 1 1/2|0) ~ (0 1 0|0)
0 0 1 0 0 0 10
= 0
=0
=0
Entonces S es linealmente independiente.
3 =0
+ =0
2 2 + 2 = 0
0 3 00 1 0 10 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0
(1 0 1|0) ~ (0 3 0|0) ~ (0 1 0 | 0) ~ (0 1 0 |0)
2 1 00 2 1 00 0 1 2 0 0 0 2 0
1 0 10 1 0 00
~ (0 1 0|0) ~ (0 1 0|0)
0 0 10 0 0 10
= 0
=0
=0