By clo Engineering ities ae Practice become soning enistng dein ofa. These pecs wll seer icopment ef ws sytem an ead to improved perme BEERS capneng ada nowdee of tec ove 8 he ned (Seton fee spe opera 49 ge et peat aa tone peasain Yo haan Jibnce aed con es ses cle neeng i emis, Gra ate he an ‘wien fe ies pnp ci shove pid oma ore ses Jen of ecole egiesing. The seni Sign prowane 1) se eo ope eagy nae 0 esi ht ay be Pe vinden and us tm ae ed some an) i aE ga he Sse oe ‘ rs es can We conte, nace a ery OF pss WOUED Sra Saag no he sp ote aren STRATEGY OF THE BOOK ‘Tika rogram Ove fone rie anise tony, ni seth nk ia otcon cl epee 8 ee teal pm yas haa bone wo Teeth apeingwiesenn got mayapiso Wle ne ds somes Fyre ted wh ber) of eyes a8 pps fore toe 2 Treatment Wetlands INTRODUCTION ‘hea of wend for wing waste poy the Be exam of 6 Rpeaterpincring cae eof elgy and easing ny even Tc ‘Hts to re an ese ye weld) ada 2 gee haan oe ht esnaly sures ses! dol engincenng (waster wesc). Ts a9 ion of cles engines emer ate srt 1970 trom 9 ube “ipernity 4 going ny bse on 3 wemendag oe [fexpeo a tery lige pobeaiesie AMbaugh een eco Smee enone neo was for nasser ema 0 ones Iovrh xperinena ee stor a mec tchesony tt ting 0 ado diftze Heep tho US nde The foes of the caper oh weiner of donee mgs wih wean a ft sopbzton fe ecole, hr any oer Kins of wanes eta tr! rol Sects ed nasal pollan, an cd re dange re am weed wh Danone sevagepstly te ea toxic water pode by Wms “an ound wae eee un exalt chore gO te ‘cw forte wh wend, The inant pes fags thi ere westmen re tot suspended sob (TSS) crane mars messed Tne oxyzen ensnd (BOO), non pia avopenend EPROM {i atone mires (rina ses and eal frm cea) Ine sete Se pcaaped wea tee punts ea wt fom bee hey oval ese runt tes en moun teen syten nr ng Beals Wands wre sometimes sito ct 9 4 sponge” seg sa los fag Nar fw an "kerio eal ms How ese ies pear tin Gr we nwa Gene STRATEGY OF THE CHAPTER pry ft hati oe the soy ofthe weaen wean oy Ts til see othe hn king! wer ig Ie fe wohl a th ml vide rset om th ae ening. Ti inp sine eclogalengnein a ee enn hee tn cr ety 2 annonce wl tea spt of he vse tp wil not smo de he sae ea ih wean wat er. xpeily sce is has oen dee 0 wel hy Kade a Knight aes Rater ts cn il Be on he cay sie. Eesnaton ils, wich wer condi i 1970 and wh the anceEcologies taglnering nel and ote came 11 eet recente ewe HB a Fe sn Soe ah pean) ores chao. sling ite out procs ea os aerig from wich mento SESE oe oa el of sania eae, a alopecia Ts ll ten ony fe es ar eva een leg Flt i ta cece apes toc ed ea irra ven sc wit ub cece azlogour doy ross in ly “en es sis beeen tn eh Pal to vaso of es Fe ae med dete dons he sign proves: Wats Sip srbber and at To’ og rcines SANITARY ENGINEERING oes omen mats ei oes ; ar eanen Po syed. Ac the sea Bsn ih den ears gocess oe nDK ed pataaly Ascetic mean by martes ex ali ice teas cnc rss in he vane. Li Sack inna Gl of pla ie te finan corre th epiic i. ee keane en Gxinea Tein eaorce oem ote) aes nn Maer agas street coment scr peda tke lms oF san alt igh er. neh elias pubes NS “roman wotande » ca {HOURE 2 poemctae pee inne ee ei et Age fray Lvard Pos Mb Bs 89 SetTab 830.09) “hc rs at a ly inf fem ec essen sce we “ “he eclipsed are ee ashore rn “es neers eg tay of sary tern Sse Set In inane jeer whch epee oe efron et onl exgerng soit te cnrka etagis ko TP cena Engh nb nooo tt ona oop oe el ebay trneing senso bef cay 0 sey Unie Sasa ison an "cpm example fhe coved we fm ned cine. energy. Satrilgy, td bogs” St Gee senaec wihchaacteiic npneing gunn, Te eld so ina Bl oF olay and even sore elegy wich prc rev ne mera wa ipss only bate (Chee. 1384 andy ery, mes Kote eA Pa Reeve say enor eoned whine te pare Tooking a tng as wins byt oso ems sich a ies (ae sj Hie, 1985, Fes and Astnzs, 195}. en tho itm que .& cemsesion ils mide Shik 2 10 infra Anstar fe rw logy ee Pin 972 Hike, 1988 x eis) Otte mune senace frger desde a 4 fg ba Hemet (Sosa! with 4 glia seth Ecologia fn Wo Be a» elon Enineting rnc and race Simo prc with kin ony han hs ta yes (1960 we {en soe ago hens et ome lg oto Tes me "Smee aly Suche coon of sanary rc the belay td alegy ot soe esis Tm scan thay coger Stevng savage caren ch decay Snare wth comeonl eb Toten snag nat hoy out tn tl cages ode ah etd snap fo costs Ths ates ese Ta 2 hee ee {tuted oo non cave apie” ats wed one ‘honesig tx fans eae 1909) nay te sage to, Bt treat and tncro me” Manu ve cmon eg ac ely ‘Ke mguve oc tesa ey smo pln ye 1960, ‘arch sod Doc 197; Wek 198), Beca othe gue ppc {hsm ofspedccnley vas nota reso oteteaien wean creo ‘me mponact angi of si ary pecan the vraag wa fppe when vnc sews Gchng neve Ti we ee biatcat mveamen chong op we 20h cena Hoga he we Sh 12 '0 ond nary test coped cot The pon eas waked Uy Sveserand Page 0525) and the sett Pele 984) sew The ‘eran matey dare om he segs oul wih ery pe ‘Stostuecerin he capersesvegwe 23) ea fem of opti a ‘Sto Hoe sceeton las oom ten of pers eaten mph Site» stent chon lev pcs coe oe os {he nee Slr, 968d Tang, 198 lore carps fang ‘tegen Sbecrand Ps dveopes snp ht es eS ‘Shree he snap ame 20). he model songs woe eae BOD. ‘ch stron down by masa comune Ti acon Be casi Gat Sith dio nen nth ur wa sigh ong ng cove oe in buh Figw 23 snd pe 2 Sovege ned when BOD a sop) "anne an nen sve oye ee, Th rer as en ere ow ‘tra prenion pric bys mont! et wars OSCoy 171 Tore Wana, 107) = mp ease contest 4 at cso cant vedo et songs maser wd 2 rcs ee Setuat eaten or watever eaten! (ier ens savy capers one eclgcalprectves oh el ‘A fefatcin who wad ste at Sy Ergenag Cate wee wey ev ecloy (Bars tse, 1970; Rasch and Allg, 1059. HA. on stealer nh contd ingot cay wrngs om =e and Sa Seen a, 980) Many he yen el os rs BEE ena ened Hany ot (19) ad he 6) Sica oe a ‘este cops ot conctaa srae cane rsa tn sess sa cles tad ee Tie Wig se we 2) Ie pen id wah reo wr mate ne whch ‘Saved ty Rok) " — a Meter ter panier tacit mor of. Died wc phe aang mane a Efe i on de wt of bode sims cong an otha acon . rove auras fo mires hens te svg he fe ‘ gre ab ou on pen sn alescoli Engine: Penis a ree “nen wasn oo FGURE 25 View ofa yl eg Merce Th aha. ke sapped nal cr uch arch col cam Pavan ee Dts Sentient top. = te senae Bows ta nts Wm re oc ctng tro} mea oaseer a poy sce fom mach Weta scart mt tee re sen weeps once ie Se tr icra yor of pe hat och eto he CURE 2A Sern sw te ce as md of ein of sma aoe etaDikm ALT 99 Soe Erp An ann an OO {show Yon Wh person? Fin casivors ec) Magi re shown vial ons Hopi pei Artie sizes ofthe leer vel, pyri shape ysl een He Give eng Jos a ei eve du Yo he son tao themed. Bay Dw sa npr wpe aud ough the cacp of “om sa etn ote capa proces tha aly ken pace Coban (199) aes on othe epee pets tht ely aes gle Calnaus (1989) the conoy avs Peale aly trent te sper dynamic ‘ceurestion ofr e nrc ntabln ef ccs whichis ef [eS tmareie estaba, A scaly ih very of reins coli i 195), Fw opal stoic ran the Fim nerbi Bowe theseé Zorn onde eerie arial ine vein er ep {He auciecr Broonh th fens The evel ney of tienng HE (pte wi tute steasve views of clopicaerray fw in Fue Figure 27. The fod web igi 26) desrbes he simak of Sie Hefei) wats wit te esonster Bat che toplogy he a exons (Cane Cohen 8 09 im, 942 Os eons (Hiatt and Bore 1991 Wl et 1989) ste spent 2 oli hey Th epic pyri (gure 27) esis tho per of etme ony trge aes aggressie kes, op ee Ate comsen Mth fer agen eargones wh i oP (he sacar eco et fy the complex com Sokpsal ystn or aie synthe compu ad or quan ‘Cie a phic eve cont sll oO gre nan ccs serene el of enauy trsfrbatn (1 pmary rosie ore aly 8 ows, ater ea tier ae ae snl eceedty atencre ws eens eect rene ects (veo eonmeonmmesspautonmouns ‘Sagat | | =m } | coo SER Sp ermce | fcr CURE 246 ocd wes ga of tng ie ston. a Cock, 7, 8 {Metheny sis ew Ws pa) yan etwas ‘een sgt hat soe ofthe new conic exten wea harass of “bode cling Hee” oma alla yO WV se Bickling er ice wil provide wel deni aeemation for fre werk (es can ste hae eve tha ve wate diet silty owt ‘Beis Dieses 1982) Odin ce wt taboo lige sinply sao “Pin wth senag baker down va long scnion tes (esr 19% Moni atl 1982, Miseboohs ay 1960) The er eens Weis ta rhs on ee eta fr wena omen ese) gs een clr tthe weld ion land tenet i atic sage oe ‘erayed over sil inn alan fre (Sinis tnd Asan 9TH Sj anos, 1978 Sper and Ken. 97D). te tensa sevage is aed tt Toph he ci ype cherc sl Rogilponss AN AUDACIOUS IDEA, fee wali waste ate was ey in they 08, Whe ns? Is inyoriatwo sera topo ths spinon sins fsa on the hte of eaopeleginetng. One ype Sus of deaunt wes a real of te cnelopea ropes a inecring stems (ire 29) Ths a ease ete ofa rs rege ao epi damatic exh fumps tn in ech cise a wl cee eg ci eg iy Hh ame oppo en wih wlan 197 ba wih oe ex iin changes or an he wend Alagh is np eid ag ‘Thesiger Fascinating ecosystem bcos Fs eclogil ui rch ma ne sey na tdalpopesn of tect tere wes een le aout ies ine. for conunng wld nd sone ft wae,Feel nghneoing Mines na atce \ ete 7 ‘nGURE29 Hype! pubes fete en of Be wea wean AM ie fecha clean ey eam 2.10) Ancaminaton of we Hite sos esting ough he dae» Wr unter of ssl In sb peo new fen welah 852 Wesmen vevands » set eit Ton Fg 210 i es er acd SSEISoc opment epee hs teresa hbase sears uasetbesecesogteds (erSnicnae verte 1h tnt of ed an Pope! iy Keio {isd ocbsopca ning msantning) wa etek spose tty Cnhetn nen nao emt {ov ofp peed ns tnd oie spt a boone Sor ella oe ee wean eo ee ae Tim inte ibanius poset safe nn as dy re tak Bias ecaie var Nn ge cp of sue Sv sos ne proved tie Car hha ih sin BE my ew pra in ew We won es Fnac may borin cps nw ng Hheset en eure inet eee neat aetna fico mr yc a nme yh (pug Secon wth wlan, User tte notre basen aa et chy nas at moa ann mae ma gentoo Fenn sec ron sentiment oa ‘lat ence nS el en aes tere ne ee an sh i Pe iat mores psig md evens apn rors Sted ory cps nl enced yma pao on abs os vets Eon uycdcton ne mf eos gang ef usenet oh etn ty ine he 0S nonce en sep apa eh, Hse Fon ST Meh tle 17) cpa sspag ean mse ys nner sel pans tf og cy Hse han re fh sine ncn ns hasan rho ected cpt Fy meson bets tir wr sta nsec tf gett Bot cso i vw cong ed, Miya peed sn age tht woe ein nd tcoene whe wee wind ata dons sve wis Poi many tts gh 1 wy pe ito PS ef ey sn. tn poe otc nary nce es Bel oe mene) Eijammstccshasessop tess ciel obec ios sora ne ow sana oes to ae pote Samana bes (oe eat Dusdchocet thay mae dat ib aise ae ese er Bicotp ors hie wien spc mescolo Engine Pieiples aed rcs Sepa ficune:22 Con agen f xsi dept fF HO Peeled hogy woe US. cing tee 7 vrs a pee ne i 180 sown he er of ge 210 sei eras nt gt 0d eg 99) oie aa ae ty ae ere sein yo eM Res ac saree ee anton ws ee iy oe ti kc toy pi ely 1 cp Est haus tse oe hen ow 1c ahs nt esos dl mash es Mai 8 a ates a ariceot cannon ed EE A cam saree hp shrew oon on raat arcane he fs of cern see ao en oven te won tg eel wai Sea is Rao om oy by tun Pane one SoS STopeve we quay Te tangs owed i ‘Sitio w'a00 ne nen on pos fon a Te Pa tety sng ene he ts wr Pe oie bunk cance oe pi get ee an open space Tis ep om mui So eterna strates mate ine 9 ie etre Gm ty Mcomax 1970, by Com Tanta (973). nt noc come poy Ceo Pa on pci {Echsonia craps are sing plats of “PH Ia very i podactiTis ality cases het 458 gd watered ch esearch has gone ctr forgoing tor gosh Tne Le 190 m8 a nhs orks capt fo ake aang of he MS A ot ty esting ot possible waste = fed Davy 1972, Scrsosk 0d D 1900), he cooep Io 3% Ipsetiaty erenl bss ‘rexent Wane ” hives Wy weigh pod: Ths eat sues ee continued Ihovgh he 1990 Comme eal 177 Tn an Seed 1978 Moot and od 1970, and te aoe 0 odifeabons ch 8 Wotvenn sna Nebo (19790 19790. 1 Prfescr Kah See mata Geran sce who stan experineing tein ieie of wand pn or anos Sao watever ese ie vu ein un Str en Atmore ost he Eoagept of team wens ne pb sxe te Gono (Se, 198), Unfrinaly, atma ‘came wisely noe w seen acetone impish in te early 1970 Sete 176) 411 Gana ape ee wh pan in 196, onan ees oF domestesvnge onan ccnp at Motuad hy, NC ‘Tam, 5,989) Expres pos ht eed sone were npc wit onl posh at eed eth net The re Scot ngs pods ha mer Sera perc an chase ters of clr enptcaon ‘ll bors extunes 6x92 Concern} cla (0 cory, bth el egenae Ingest street wih aaae pais Tis eprint ed toa winweaing sage pect ba ar wih ape et Se palin, This sts indeed TOs coe fe uy aeons (eye Oo 98 te Pan chee tr he cape on ond and pts” Howe BT Odo wr prot on eye sang for wear team ine 1970 (Ee! sd HT Osun, 1984) clay ace ack te Worica iy yea tty Krght (139), ao seed 83300 frases shin teen poo 11 dan ems OHNE Aten eater remonos one earn wand he worn fe Teas conte 195Dy inden fing ge crane on of (STO) Ns ned nr omg ste vag ita tern uu. 80 he ppnow, ts mse No fm epnine ons wh cain Mer ol Fe wl Bt etl nach oc metocly toed eos Bepol Mor ipo aes ce nseeace ne ang olson fsa inthe 190s. ppc. he eo ass Lf Weds for waar ners nd heh psiveFecback Sah cop nth ah oe in sunset ely puedes coring ts BaD Aldea ae a nnn penton ete pe of sd. geen was he mast carmen of Labs genecolo Egieering rniples and rte “stent ands se — of egeemental dg. tough complains on aoe eatilsly nereing Siete oud that wed simul erage The tested in Tale 2 ware eld Shae, whch scooogy ws best robles ace in act experiments ut hey tte views of how one espn ote resi. Ine ctw he tern of Slant and sooge ht cg were em spe whine ae irr lative atunances of pans einals ad mtb, and fod web Sens. Te eons semaine male COMDOMGMS in Hey Ices hat ar party engine end prty snl. The enced subse range fics deploys or ies ant pup Biche sewage oa exsing olen corplcaedconsested werden we Sel tie of acne {nd econsten wit multe units in Sons an gre eoeecies and wh pis om eulton dee Sue oft tes sch seeps pret Ind, were wa fd ar esd many patie abt vais pes fie toainenwetsnd sytm ihe sis wee Yee by ony a sale Bubison wih ie system depo except some we aly Jaa Mow of the sige wees term and "dol et” ne sew conn fo develop a Ae panied the pasa ay ect Ths sen eminent fe ey Soto nds Doo Michigan, on etm of He eh cet wes may nw sts dine wer ult in sey sll age compare ISO). The enero nthe ely tonality ee echais Taste 21 ‘Cssifiation of Evy Teatment Wend Sis eet print Cehonnce ents mn is Pa ios tel eg ew ey mrt ig Spon 170) wena ‘avec ae (Adon Ste Sage GE cnolgy uch a Weyl). The ovals ote test weld wee evga who were alo cle wih engine and oul Miche cod molt and siupe wend ceosans with exsing comes! Spar tsar etek Aa orn excopton Is Rbet Kal, wn amare stm the few erly workers ted a9 engineer tan ss claps 4 at See ston soma Seer Lim he france of nor wetland ht had Dow yeas Te ssn anges when sews i il dy) wend, of tM fat the cn expen cont) "ae ek nT 1 ve nxconioed ts dy of see teen by & steal Sich patnd i dca ei adr cestngqumaine desis kaowedge oo ves aches and Kat. 1950), fara imdy hs eee ut of etry wets for wasena us of ne 19% Tae 22 oes a pute ero 9 is spect eA th pen opin seh 19% poten wih heecnaogy began topes. The Weep cs wih hs apc forlongem posh pi a ae fe yy Cans Rardin (198. 198, Rendon and Ci ed of bens ae being adsl and ld movin foo. Tedoaogy wilco fo stom so # vibe mmr oe el al emvenoral wate elas, epcily for sal 1 setaiod star ‘THE TREATMENT WETLAND CONCEPT peulcemicabolagcl rocmies wc owe! demas ton wastewater Geamen pln auf one weed cur inl in eason of space an ie: Mens© coli tginering ines ane rece ‘ase 22 | Stage nthe Evolution of the Testment Welln Technslogy cows gor re = as fot THEE 12 Lectin of ie wosevacr Hen t PI na om tng ie ose Sere eee Fd C5 al eh nheny Poser eo 1897, teen BHM eos osc compan, sone nen eho te ah pio Ti wre tid me tiny sed sige mire spend oe time in srventonsy pli wo sie eament Tye eak-of economic wih hs wellmisepoe eg cape A Ugo Waker ti ftw vs. prs nus (Fae 2.2), eas xmas "hy htc Nasa wenn i ye rience sine, ot aig 199 Tenis me en Aor et S'Stp erm non oman hos stan Soe ee S don son yr 0 dye Se ies eer igve nl Caspar Knights of ver apa giant in he bn qt, Spall mer wed deere mater protsing mre eerste dh yeing and pe Inte elms seme, ot ele Hees oh tltngtanlrmation pathway oreo sae ad fe cnmparnen 1834 The sty aay eyes nemed rey epee SAN 1997) mineral ecg Dace, 1990) ov mee eying Comann a8dUl cement tn Tistinl orton chert arkcemdoreinc hd grater att em, wl a ow abea {colo Eagincering inches and Practoe ‘Wesimert Wend AGU 213 Te ing net a ea eg in tam sons Nis." fn ne aoe aun men ol Pate Pcs P.Calow mat G. & Peis (5. Blacks! Ssentife, nfo, IK. With persion.) TABLE 2.3 Ung the Dominant Pacees of Wat Quality Dyes Theefciency of reatment wetlands is exahualcd by input-output meihods whieh Jin Treatment Wetlands ually Pye any aiaay act. mate bance spat eo ol wl ‘Cea pl no of T55 BOD, set a nog ky "thay ie et tind inde by ncing wor Row rac (rca engl) oad Sentai scene poarenes (uly ng x T3S, BOD, sd nn Smtr sep peo cnet pogens) whee au ‘na sen Teste apie by tesa, ng with ac comenio ce 00 ur en 1 cmt cone i il ns ft ol ee cnc fen fo ranch gud conan lipase me wihcoseaten as ln, pre sce Sei 0 mas se 9 eee ne ance tt eve eps heme anes of . 1 non mnt sig et Ag intact rr Fgre 2 od Magid Tne? Mon ‘ison Me ton uo een ement fis rable Bt ihe lfulog 0 Be ogred compte mince wend clogy works bes nop or vee hi al ose arse daughter fle An eh [Dexa us ok desman wean in coker lt Ikan eins, whore wate volun ih nt Hire te ie apron enim ans casts ae al ae aura " “‘evoges Engineering Pipe ane Pater frp mre ae cee eer ineay Paton Maa) i Steen le eens Wir pesen) tan hat we specally coms fr wasewae en the mal coo on fis tceolay wat A fou pes of waa welds are TSR Gay, Tae ioapt, 982), bot hese we ape ee suai. PE Ca oo conte eaten wins Sif pag ier san STORER er ws, Te seo he at gen 8 Bokeh sae CARRY oa pice (980), Keds and Kove (950) Reed a (1998) A Slaranun snd Woven (2601) ann namer of ed volumes Bee Fe ey at a 98S, Hanmer 1987. Moan, 199% Red Se Tok Ober eeth sien ger by Basan (939), Brown a Pee fat papen (rave a Reet, 198, Red aol wo, 192 Reed, 0 (Cole 98), vel (997 a Teena 1951 ‘BIODIVERSITY AND TREATMENT WETLANDS noeteece red diesion wenn Wet focon met ARYInG Teac sey ay, arco be ese! wo by aed Mi nes an et ns ean ia) eo aa caer eet ym cuing pnb wax wae “Sacusoeony cages an eam po pens seme 0 ‘Sets be carat hay cen ene we ince Arar pepsi hat hocnray in Wemet wands in be sy sae of Moar eleany be sel-naning oma) desired ne {aprons fx same Cowan (199 oud mare ek {test trtinn wend aco Mant ar comped ah eat ‘ind Ts nb mgt avr png» fos THE wend pevomaoce? Benny a6 ance may De abo ll the degn of Boater nett wees hough estat cnpocring, Sr xspes fp aa Oss Blow Micron: Te om mie els unter GH yf npn ha es ih momo ge os Tho sen td ooy okra het fo mason ogo hee oe se nbc er sens a ey, 17, oe eb Spins Thee gies spurge nba ects rom ahr elope Ste xem, eat meno fewer eo gee coe of octet Inge erated by Magica. (989, Nsap (90a Ha fron (950 ween owing ont oy gen by echt od Bacte (971 tor a and Guero Been UD), Mle Tele ts nls toga wor ot wate vein thee ean Te Epes fr cae ad sce tng Ks ppb fr Pos {Gennes stra s90 we cose hgh eb or mara Lavo ntiscnton an danieaonrencians, Thos mes maybe uh Bast ince inl os of boserty ven wend ene lh astvacr rine cocrng cn be year of jot yar ot Bis, snob coon winin ets gue 210 is ph ot ss ig vm fo unsigned cris fan fins (Chak nd Wa 190 enmn% Set and Coton 193) Tae aes” oes Be Mp uct ses vine wisi tar op Boitoed Sts and ads ons i stays ices ry om ache patie of dion. ft a i lainp ae om gue 20 Tn bat geil cme hang masobl pms om ong tes ad iy von each uae nese d wore Ebene of dvinres wo case dn Casa 97 up Ihe comps ie poate cher in tas smopnen cite emus en fe en wie ovis parce she notnaly po ence ease thon La itogen eo rete composts seston Chg 6 for Paat i cto onigen io us dante sales wae th oe om cds prce Soh mt bs ier sn Te att omens an ng ya mast ian wins nt scene en supe in Seed nar an (Snel 1978) Cer ens dis a geno Nor Salt epon 093).clog Eaginecting ince and Matick ioe 5 nu Cee USS Fak none Awa! Ror HEA 1 Sin Nee You Wa permis) Pomeroy (980), Rh nd Weel 1978, Steiger (197 Sibert an (AB and Mee a, (886 eae Poss nts ae an bins etre of was an Cro td Feoessy 201), Athough weds Ing weznen wean (Const Fe Beeitcoeay eConcn ea, 1979), «Roslin i a a wet Semper wh onc, pans wher he wae be to ef SERRE ean par of be anal le. Lame pets, sth wa in ros canbe inp ey a sl ss doin! hn th DH ete A ast of ie Toms fl ender be neg of ahr pons wel 19: Palin en Hamer Se 218 ei gece ode! a cones any of the ie Pa irl psn ieonn. Te pls esl a In stem, oot ane as) and bekwground (ds ous) ccrponents i ee 8 Tian Blowprosed compas ps + res aon (or Ten nen) Rou en) tn WE 217TH evens He deun ec. AR: hsbc ene oh ses pes voce Cp ee a Coa, of ran aoa une esse Tey end Prac 1B fi Prva New Yr. ih fae The oe of be he = SIM, 147 nwa Las eh Pa Not, hoon eee Se hn OL. Wi evasion) spats nga peton oe yea wen the tere mele Buin num) Atmevond sn Woes! nr. Meine oie and enor ae reserve th as hr dasnpeson ad xh by vor ake ace sei canst gn te en as Fine omission he se phe remove mains Rawr wiht havest rents eel iting sinks sd es fo mains, They ae sks ng te ven pe drmins dw mats blac. a they ae ozs ely sing vn decoration and ascent Ashing don se Hares en cose Leaman wend oe lly 8.esl tgineering reps on Practice isch? Duce (ty Lnnacce) sae pe fp wh ago tht Ds bean ed fr water uennem (Chey spe Ta ey Fou. 197, Specs fom in pla fly eosin ste con Suess cover te wate trace ols pond sale In eet Hawn ed Coley (197) evison a day farm sro en Sink atgs i om amped has agtaon or ec tng eats sng When remotes a 100 low i aber oles ee pe ely enhanced IMs ec cad te manipulated and managed wove ing Sexson of Ann ned, witch tc FAGURE 2.18 Ente sh gran of anne plned ih, Pons miss nin dn MERE Ben 0h erences tem yp eee Misi og win rms Ter nay oe cee Bio che ta Ts pecnen oar hedaes ee sete gow Pons svysoseane ene ae ae Egtemienns poy mencos Taven rahi eee i lads pera senses sce ee See ype ying sa as toe se ef cede ek ty ar nist hd ache eo Se er Eiitesest, hen soma Feu (OUD wea eee fiocoson ind mia rncnsemre tans sea stoic) Ts meacin Sacer sae Let ben (eran 00 Ro int OEY al e irr eco ens man ope se er Bessie epson on Spe isabacitis and thes crore nna dey col wan eecnes aha seeen BOD sina mnt ea Se sr glist in re 219 Ts han tase ec mk psa fe wy sts tac tte cm Te mse oy me de {his « i Yoneay. Ia es ea Stl Neves Voge oy He Fea fe ot 1 nity te i sa (rem Seo wee Mol nein halon nbohneasiaehn ee rece ct aie "gc toner crn SERS tetas atc ae ey ek ecules sd anygeR Ha decly supper tobi, Fa oer renee See ec ha ate ata Se cents ete Latimer eee er sich the speci Kel loo cece nmerononen tht Sedan it ies an Biman etait Cae Srna Scena en Meeioataee Skane oct rce yee mctaolie he anc mates in waa,cola Engioesing rns and rote SS" 5 ‘eve 219 ee of panos amps dion paces em ee Galea 8h iyo rs, Cop 2). sl teem Nevo, Mia perwen) nt Mata, 153, Sut, 1980) a conven water Wane ME {Beer 1 i Cty 198; Cy 195, Kea Cat ‘demure amen (eae 1968: Kine wd Go, veep a pecans ay bea empleo en mosaumoes res Weg th fe ime fnily Cae. Thay a wl NOSES it eto sce ar esi. or ary ee Fee lage of indensy Inc of es Bg baht ee Pee ism asenc Wenn new sonar 0 Urmgues ate unger ae he wos. Tey eh Sia wins very Sst eng recon i tee sen cenen at ston Mg capi OF rv We an ‘Finns on ome he females py on a Sri iapar concn def tn de fr te de einen ce, Thema goes a nots, ods fj cule) ns nr rey Cle, 1973) ne Sina Tie mes porn dete oe aly 1 Jet ee npn capi wd Sars Oe Tihs Ui ew Nes of x= No iy nas sey pend os Larges cepa comet of mesgulos at ben eoing far or Oa 100 yexstardenbrg, 192) and inolres ty ofthe iwc now ached ‘itn exe speci ie Cer 7. The main meds of aa ao fers bresng tls od Wo spe chemi pereiys lgil cnol ent In anc con! of moog gelato eee bene Striper sills esto reding cle Alo soe pe ih he ‘hin tger orgie lees lpien) are prenoed Yo ve 9 ban bis ty bens amore connines (ld is None pol logged Bes. eins vinming pol). OF ape ner, monguoe rove ve ofthe Camper of be developed of anes peries when DDT ws Fee Sespea afte Word War IT Og, 1952). Bocuse of Ue importance of the Fyohem, pied oy cna dtc have own fied aay pas of es, whan se sgroned by ae tes Lichenbrg 0 Gt (1989) posite ftir ve oft economics of sq conl fr be pail shanen atic pbobyeopeaso es moe gone ene Moroes cen ae sociated with Ueareatwlnds when ponied water ons haba for rox Thay com pipe in he beatin prose eee Iie lapse ton rpm rater, tu te consbtion probaly sre mibo Te by Baran dng (589) “eae the base Lnwitg a eye ented welds sens ay Te mr daw ss pr ih ante ed tloreciened wands ean Be urs seeped By eh fii sad te genera pe Designs fo earolg mesg si ip woarem won a wased BY Anonyme (19950), Russ ctl orn sae Sst nh war ee mci ih dices or anor impoundvent wre woe sed eid 187) ever, 914 Th centration aie te weet BASE simon ong. Ths wk eerste a cesng eae del engine since t molten agus logy akareh ie ei ofmpoundnes sn cage yous (gre 22) Sl {combs hese vers nto oe snares wis ee SOIES as nd ay ees ed by cl pring te les tunes pay Sens mony sym ave #3 esc} on pry decane he emonnenal Ics 80 i! hae ct ei ml ae ‘Sled. whic is ster cslgel sopra chaboge BAL 2i0 A reed otk he deen igs sR as ions bis an pen 981.colo Engineering: anes and Prac omen GRE 220 Coit dagom cence in gn cn uh ee a cm ka Pin Copate Bah a WM Be Moss an nar beni) ne senna aan eet ears ins eee are cs eaentenrctensee rete Heese ao conus se mony woe el (avi ea pn Roo Tee me fees nna te yw onc cee ot ale nner nc es fake The clos mtulhsory of mais al Ha 1960 akan. 125, ON, 18} on ince comple le lin Bion and Nihon, 1952), whch sured Teowne tagesid By rron deter TH stacey ots makes tb 92808 ems tcguso i tgerant eonrl rons Must om au weasest eds which roid lH due gorinance of pee 0 pls on stab water nel fat Lath (198) fone pet es of mule ound veer a 2h nent eli eet Mayan! Tai press significa Cease mounds ae ‘Sea as ann of pputsion sn ee masa 1982). High desir seas can bale up yar marsha ad case "av ou whee age {cont of plant ses amend over a sb peta fine, kang ocr Ine mart powlon ass acim Ie ori amis comers ‘ere x mse However tilt plas ny Beeline’ ot gh ovale In'veamene wes de othe aod spp af mens a epi Faia folic, sing» of arable ca os Ti rk ost teh ih ‘epson of etme” desebed ip eer eology asap 1970. ‘he enichent of preirprey tem ems Ho become stale in Give eaten to cllape. In wesimen welds the meroh vegan (et [o)-nusza heer as pret) sytem sesh wah sewage ain, Ot Webecomessablued at higher lela rer on desablzad. Ths may Be a8 lace to he pre, ike er cat example (Abra Wale, 1956, “Mlle ea 1972 du 6 aon! comlsiies in a lnc example ae clos elves ofthe emings (Las sp td Dison lich be brs aygeed tbs crac hme eters thea hugh mest com 1 fo ib aegave Table 24) There on ones fle! doer brownies or test ese comavcted ei 22th wtch pt of marl lhe at nin ih bce Lach (1996) ase 08 any mre pose HOE te cated aga pre 222, Ths Gaginiisraes eto a ean and et nd nc ees ht muses ay tne 3 atin Tens siifie ect su wo ome om th cesttion fxs rg uns of rosso cn eanen apc. mow yas sooncion eae of mists, and ey 2 ez Choe 8) alating Ie decompo Bee Hes Wmect ca, 0) Orel mounds may hve a et gas ay potcion ie pt are sed mooi hey acess cess roighmerning expert. ero conresedoy manu con bene mans Ah he et nc crs eve 2 Ga, ase water ow. Thi can hve neve Pct onset fet od pes droga eed wos tne fcc» rely le ren wre. Ts pee Eisen topos reduces tain tne ard lore ao Mu bars nee sete hese ony any wires towing esses Manag, 58,ot colo Engineering Penis ond eee ranue23 Comets om the Litertre about Maras in Westment Welds ‘Benth ec tener cider ie eu nae amt en 9 Mata dame sy ga a ‘thors mts oun pr oe (et ere 2 ice pen nate we on sail mutagen | Se senaory ann met eat ‘nnggn pv a om eae dea rae hon es mt 1982; earn. 1983; Ringo. 1929) Acton eer at ptive alt ncaa ite ou hb einen, Which egos ‘dhe coins Pera the at ngonast ser ocaion of maka 8 ar ‘am gearing spiny heeogeely wich thon Ege? 2 ice vans conten ees muir ale > yor perm of pea ‘nero mechs stings ol, 200, Kola ad ck, fan! Songan, 1920 Shut, 77D. Ts quay provicesremlaney in “ign wich sila fo slaty ator engierng. The stl he nase by muri etre abe ony ees yh es ot mac heparan of eminent” Seale sed Deo fete ate The cise met of mskra Gn wesinest weds uno th piv ad pie ets Have enn. Alggh tH rth hes epee sam ty danse eer es esos Force semen well ssied by aha 199 Pleas wei teease tay bane vpped one of BH prs te fact at secant po, i Atal mals uta pte esi in etme Heres ave design apd mragement us espe! ‘West ends s BBASSBaasanaaa Raat ott es te toning (a Wa Wie i aac. Props ti eolgl rol can eed impo ea ster ah boa advantage fhe contention ome hy Heresing the moons i espn o ema mon This ig rep Sos of Iarsing bcos te murs be ising oe fe Fe, ade moo el mi te ed he ope Spi se the mara is» bc elses erga snd etFranzaionofwrnperae hal landeaos They He ecved o ound sd rogue weal pcre a rh scons heals xsompliven of elope engasetng thes wos coal vel. Ulomaely a eat mara whut mash ns toons ston of wel seis om dove wtevae x rened of Seuen othe. lcn (197) called, gees le these sen owe Iie expe xis (lien a Crpen,1977, Cove Pee 1colo Engincring Pnciles and Pacts x mE clea at) oun 122 co a re 2 ey ao Eade mB an ane om er AT Un of ain, Coege Pat MP area 1907; wad ed ene, 180, Cer al 198 Ra Rear are cc seer ome se ie a aya bs BT ne 9 Fe 223 Te cari aaa frais 7 Rin of ata septa Tas tn of re te en A ut ti al oor Ma ag ic aso ange a ck cone 5) Ecslogeal exsneing dest wl fo he arene of erage ava coarse, hang be © Guanononse eincing io sigh nd esos vee Mon ae ectne vetoes icine RN TO Catdacsfree cysts ce OS SN ttn > tem Fd wl © Ca Fe ois las Lone RE.229 View of te Wot te wear veep sem (m TPG. toh Haw Routh ts Wak perms Ral oseage etme, Anco fesse ene ines Ange! an Wan, 9; ooh 1977, Wat Malo, isn my ra usm inl oe ete gn, ac se fs pee Sng png od pres Th corona ic ty sna capa, weve Fins espe fees eae ofc hiph mir te on Tava nd Ran, 985; Ros nd Wag Tin, 1H; Wo De sdb cle drying na nls are This debe viowmens a 1997 felon 1972: Ugo 1972) cul te Td che that ght be form i anion eccrysems ey pspecing Fer exonps bing betes Secstarii) Hart 193k Benak 1972) mi De sla he ba fora sage PARALLEL EVOLUTION OF DECAY EQUATIONS espn analysis of enrent weds as Cowes. amine a ely sd sory ergering din feet ements, nah tad sense, State eam. ite be aieeater orn esl in which polo ectone Dystopia onyiesconind wih te reac el,Ecological engoering incr and ration GORE 226 Bryn gam ss soos mein a tee eas sen fa testament GN worsen eam ee eed ck rose of olin os aaah a eed ee aan Us Fn ae omy nin. eae an ype ts Mo a mr eon at en of oan a ethno mic en as ling es ok aivaed uae mis (Meta Sa iy Ths wnt eed wah he eld a von, by One seis an ied wih egw (Msc and BI “Tdehoalovs a8 by he 1970s ihe ea ine expen ea a {Slt eed btw denen oT) ee waa te Slt cotton vest BOD ia ph fees BOO, ms , eae acon eco 18 ‘ iui he ye or hyrai rsence dae, “Tie ution i thera fom of he adel sown Faure 2.24 Ba Tien of cgsie natal (C2) died oer a gien MGS ectng he acs peo ode tempera cry has bene Sse ay Kinds of ase Gnd ra x a aring pot oe crsdering BOD removal iby Raed 1995) and ries ana Thos (1958) aging vo Seok te BOD concep and o eT pg7ey ery sana engine seat with hare on the sect cam be foo mt Trestment wants se our of he 193 2, fer xan, Hess, 1959, esl he BOD ban was inde he som a nye comae 2250. gl tle fed wih waster er a Say period th ule aes As gn ‘iereing sate eon thie demand, whic ag95 9 conection wih he Taw of spy and dead economics Oxygen “spin” by vara ms OF ‘exsnion aTaon an! piney Poduciviy) ant ease” by ior aan ht pu the ganic seals eg ecb pean. Ti oval foncepan fy ssbb te Srcte-Pele equation enon ein rma Srwacus dps in vers gte 24) ye ao hetesing to ai NS fe tsk ation hah ogi 3 tet of exon Codepadsion. = fing waterser ns hole ad menrrg the onyzen exnceaon Saese he st concern was be ogre aera n ear blo) m8 forded tease wa ltteers 8 coceaio aepe in fics ropa te chang hse marae TEgicrngGsgn sso for waster ramen ee fen ie Wi “ben en above in reo sbow eee of takers (ClC2) pot “eof tic expression exe neem of gee eral, Designee are “Mien ven hss ems For expe ig be eee a SO Ae nant “Wi egal ye vats ino oes uaa seme en tet sree Ss doe by seg the wesimet For ts “ep nvgol quauon expanded wth anexresone eda sence spe fo ran ay iu caprasion ino the nga eqonexpliey pues Sngnses ha hae by devin i conderion oreo = 0 ey BFC cos sen a fa in io sof ane cpa Stns Sg der Bin ce tg lan sles) th nd eet ree sumac ety et ech nee np nes Seg sean hott ener goes na ice Be etn yoo ross say caon tor ey hom Sirf se sot ate rs oncola Engine: rnin an Practice fe wie carat emasarfaonships ised om pata exec. Vane {teens for resiwetaion wr fen ee a a orp no eon aie aed Kahrs (1996 ext pois thee ofthe at set aad (esgn cqaies eh ll nda eat hi Lede wl come o be ‘eerste a eed avs ue rena sony eget. ‘Stem of part evo fa screen ih ea for don sin Ja cee go wa 1 eles et seb ie oa ‘esr ton equations acco be piled 0 met beseariion ul ‘Teoma ano ip igure 224th same deel at yee ae ‘dertuon donates vcd by mn 194) a al Ute be ape tor. tet ning fn Desonpeno, a eh ty wis equation, ka ingonam i egy ie pay edt. ADE Fle athe xg he noel wa gel to bs a we ‘asewaur eaten ene nme of 30D mensaremen ah ee ra Statler rou framing Shc ne em to menere tie lon ver tee There taps se lca i eearent is alse and eRe alo he hag lowe a on toe desma eas a smi hn ed sie st ge ' pled nthe aeionment the Bopnnig he sn anda st ih pained weighed houstou th styl hs Wa masse eit he dey com oa fun he ape of Be veo es ‘ies Ti led he ie Dg aes of stag decompostion (Shas ‘Oto, 195, and Okon C98 at oat an ly natal depo fi olin. ich iad an analng he Sec Pel eqn All ances hive Deen deed (Boblo sd Ho. 19, Wile a Tan ease il te ovnson for were denna eo. I esse te th ae Kad f inking acute in egy to das esonponton a secre in santary eases ws dese eon in BOD! ‘ase: Bath he eens eclens)a eine Snare eet) ted eden roe pce sem andre op wh he sare ‘Te snr tock ob fe ep of being ble fo manip he ea Aig temas eq are set Te ll ean fn teste oie prose » const or inane nal andes estgy al eaginsig. ECOLOGY AS THE SOURCE OF INSPIRATION IN, DESIGN ean! ha te tcl pinay ee Kg on apie problems, er tha fom ences dl ub is hyataza wi. pgs a Hehe ype apc compari wih wes Fr 'oradon of Eevonnenaletgaceng bal 2. sANE psp of cesloy Detal aesroton “nent Wetande Megs con rohan Stn an No : i et a) wie sel eta oe om Bae ieee Nv 33 2 Dany at er eae so aon on dhe textnea lund etoogy ae pst SAS Mt vets ge wan so ig wasnt eae em emt gl ie Fn if may en, orf vas spay Sp nee sean Fld (Bate 6h Sa eo, 1988; Onvai et 1957; Wong od Tae 9), fn) Goi, 1957. Ady ad Hoey, west wae sgEcologia Engineering Ponts and Pract ee tn Fem dey, Wa LE 1.7 it eee on ae, Wi pe rc wmv nerey seer eu Thea sy ila chet The sane Bor vr 9 cx ery re Te ae Sec foie a oh ee. By rw Ys Fy cae so ie techetgy ie ying desing cor Goya! rib yrpses Gee Cpr Hs alee 8 Fan mtr quay condilon ocr or svi of he Sel fe la ‘ys iss) arson ofthe Sov, of ee tt Ean see sf comnercilly avalae et el Homage orto Ye desi Fale tf uc ow san coms OH (pen i scsi Ta, ea 9 Sls cles he Seer dean oi yc 197. Te sd a ee San ee ed oy Pita at Tip Scio an ston wn fw a are ae ween a teat ste ae ch Ay el mae ae oly ef wrt woud sual od os nde enter gat Spey. cobe ie esl cpp te mel ef 0a foycy we spd ugh ph nt oa ate an Cased Tyan epraton wot wen Tse cra ncn ed gh hen of sna esr whe hoe Ae pact he lng Ibe ped to utr of nag enon mde anand Tis seen ap ne snd pl sg sure Viet won (ya, oaks 97, Cges 4996 Ovo hs rn excl cangleo esol engine ng ct! ouciu ode peclePenspton, See pie rte spe op waneie eee aig proces ct by nes ropes n pe 229 eed sa Bebe racer shown ns oe) and ental 9 cee nth doce hm ste mot als Ta nd of nl te essence of eeloil eines Icon» igs vse seme se em he ne Bape sog Sag esos na, Toa 53) hl ad ha 0 he dopant fe Nr un ao Cp ab oi Tepe ene We Ne Wan sews gt oo fa secraning gl entouonn os cg echidna al He BOF ppl cements nthe Irae ems var me RS wih Willa’ McLean end Shel ed yc Gees ri tiny ae To, hay. 8 Door etl es ioe hcl pt 0 et 30 ce)colo taineting Panes snd rete | eatment Welds Spo a ot 3 eri ante pH Us Sh rt, PURE 229 Vow os gle kc ety wok on syuou by oa 8A) gic vu pf po. a) Som Nena dsr Foes Ae teeing aati () Mente re Ih eg tae Pbk mies iognt on nce D196 Satu Mpa Sc LHOURE 228 Te tc ep ae by WARE H, Ayn cing eae sone acti de of ynaacent ori 2 si ale Pie 229) Table 2 in To 1S DarPemmarart Ager (Te abd To 1980) ke rach of dss embed se mone sen aed a "belgly dened ara fected aed anaes” The ving thine ehaoiey ered the hae aqunclore maul, ty cong te sess hen BY te series 2 sage weer eames} (aur 20). TH ‘Sonal atom ae eed oe ine with ire mus oso aling fo pfonn cal oneton Ted 1990) ees te sed fo maa Sener quite im oso Sieme a 9K of Ingprton Oe ‘Gotu of von mache fr wascwser wesimen. se ted fe Sey Mena Tan te Sd te Sa fla oseaBatk «2-3 Smo Ninn Ticaman$ Dayka fase ‘eto 6 Rise Cy fy od Spf gente rial eet wing cf ks were tn vi om Gen Bard Toe 1 An WTS 175 apenas ~ Feces en es tering Aya cd oh Imran satya oer ose er ay. ema ie ele iy tem ice woe FR ic pac er rite ton Se gy hy Cape Ca ogo ec pete cies ve ten bit ad ge 23) wah mach sr i on aa te, 85 ano Merandcuiene, 91; Cuersan, 196 Cutan ad ee 9), Bissaipn corti discusses i iio a Is cscs inte na pr cati Bil EPesiw Cn acti, 1981, whch ccs ne ean fe eoeotogeaEginening rnc a Pac TABLE 23 Design Principe for Job To's Living Mackine Technology rire aio Ot ap acne unas ther deca pasicctnes ina Ag yh eh a. Loi Ea 0 ite depends on ving acines is een ne bok i HE to ving Sochnes ooh ats Ted. 1990, st vows ts Hite 2 bre acres es olivng maces us cr ped 0), Oxeral, hn s excelent ceampe of csogcly exer tints pce of rendpuion ety athe design The a Wee pooapnd bona i swans eames eSni cifeen ot prs, mre of ths ne mahi Ise enti mao of the Foy Ta vx infec yon Byers coing ies asrvater rence thas cen da ety 1970s 8 Woods Hale e es aye oe 0 ln. ugume 2.35 Yew of vincoll nginesing ciples naPacice {age 22 nay wa ee etter Spice Be Die Car 1 W972). Although Ryther's project continued Lou SP A ap en cogs ae sng ee ar conps sare Berl Capnesing sos ‘and Person, 1991, 1993; Teal et 1994), and mast recently 3 Soil Bioengineering INTRODUCTION Xe aslrmaion of mato 4 Satria of aman civiaton, Humans ston a resources Alte byaogy ad sol ersion our ar aconsoqance ‘fesnstontins nse deveepeal feral. wen and errs crs ner tnd cosines. In a ches ae egeton fe temored oc Shang land Fore ae init (usally eee) Socty peel acer Theos aac inycts most actu coazcommodte human ad, ut ine Tega as ron rere aonb and regi engin sativa noe saamger=n, Ero i 8 muh envwrnns int at ssf ae of grea i, aa poll. and pepe damages amine her problems te act f estan aang been epee ad Lowder TB row, 194; Jee, 1968), remains acne ost, Cons ew hore and agrestis eeson ae wenencs anda or yo Ast of scoop engnecing eins hs led vi be industry foe cont ta she abjesf sche Tis sven ee eee roesiering an ess eosin of coment ene om oy getcinal engineing whe ose of wean lamings Tae 31) 1 niesing ie ee powing roi x2 ex ete sono et lems wih vcaping mcains of he om Boerner wick BEd notices Jorn sd Dn 190) Sei on Stern (1987) ome hacked dius nl en puppeteer ae beg Meo se spicaions Cray aa Laer (1982) ose fh se “lle Ben potcion sl een cone” porta me spent on. nds sir. Here, ne ld reed to boning Di ro ase by many woes, Si bast sil segment totha peopl ae tebe nan sdcsaing of sre between yrs: gesmeepley. HY Hrcislogy nen he Lp, espe By war movements Se an ntracine waist Dameon nar Sod ene. Put col aed png ph ey ng covered a oly was este Fld rays of vgstion nop) Dei aur te trn ft 200 eonary Sra, 1%er Cow $i 1917). Tc ste re dette descriptions dat Somey a ch, Uidesuning of nsipe sy, ike mary Side of ply