The definition Summary

The formal definition of the limit of a function

(At paano mo ito mauunawaan using modern hugot)

Benjamin Cabalona Jr

Differential Calculus

November 2017
The definition Summary

Outline

1 The definition
Weird Math Grammar
Bakit absolute values?
Ano ba yung  at ?
Halimbawa
The definition Summary

Definition
Let f be a function which is defined on some open interval
lim f (x) = L if
containing a except possibly at x = a. Then, the xa
and only if for every  > 0 there exist a > 0 such that for all x in
the domain of f one has

|x a| < implies |f (x) L| < .

Ano bang ibig sabihin nito? Pwede nating hatiin ang definition
into two parts,
Let f be a function which is defined on some open interval
containing a except possibly at x = a.
This tells us that, if a (c, d) dapat for all x (c, d) f (x) exists
pero mayroong twist,sa math except possibly at x=a means we
dont care kung f (a) is defined or not.(Parang sa crush mo hindi
importante kung crush ka din niya basta crush mo siya).
The definition Summary

Definition Contd
For every  > 0 there exist a > 0 such that for all x in the
domain of f one has

|x a| < implies |f (x) L| < .

First of all, bakit absolute values? Kasi |x a| measures the

distance x at a sa number line. By computing |x a| masusukat
mo gaano magkalapit si x at a sa isat isa. (In your case, it must
be very huge kasi wala nang tsansang magustuhan ka nya) The
inequality |x a| < says Mag bigay ka ng kahit anong kahit
gano kaliit, mas maliit pa rin ang distance ni x at a kaysa kay
.(Kahit gaano kaliit yung chance na maging crush ka ng crush
mo, mas maliit pa rin yung chance na hindi ka niya love).

P.S. same argument sa |f (x) L| < .

The definition Summary

To Wrap it up

This is how youll show that lim f (x) = L

xa

Given a function f(x) at any a sa pagitan ng kahit anong

interval, f(x) must be defined (we dont care in the case na
f(x) when x=a.)
 > 0 tells you gaano kalapit si f (x) kay L. > 0 tells you
gaano kalapit si x kay a para mangyari ito. Bali ang ibig
sabihin nito ang na gagamitin mo ay naka depende sa  na
ibibigay sayo.(Nakadepende dapat kung kayo na ba ng crush
mo bago ka masaktan g*go wag kang mag assume!!!)
The definition Summary

Example
Show that the lim 4x + 5 = 13
x2

Proof.
What we have is
f (x) = 4x + 5
a=2
L = 13
Linear function lang to so defined to sa buong R (set of real
numbers i.e., sa kahit na anong interval)
The definition Summary

Proof. (Contd)

Now, Gaano kalapit si x kay 2, para makasigurado ako na ang

distance ni 4x + 5 at 13 ay mas maliit sa 
Una, sukatin natin ang distance na |f (x) L| :
|f (x) L| = |(4x + 5) (13)|
|f (x) L| = |4x + 5 13|
|f (x) L| = |4x + 5 + (13)|
|f (x) L| = |4x 8|
|f (x) L| = 4 |x 2|
Ibig sabihin, kapag 4 |x 2| <  then we have |f (x) L| <  i.e.,
If |x 2| < 41  then |(4x + 5) (13)| < .
Samakatuwid, We will choose = 14 . Kahit gaano pa kaliit yung
 > 0 na ibigay sayo, sigurado ka pa rin na si > 0 din. That
lim 4x + 5 = 13
shows x2
The definition Summary

Outline

1 The definition
Weird Math Grammar
Bakit absolute values?
Ano ba yung  at ?
Halimbawa
The definition Summary

Outline

1 The definition
Weird Math Grammar
Bakit absolute values?
Ano ba yung  at ?
Halimbawa
The definition Summary

First Slide Title

Optional Subtitle

My first point.
My second point.
The definition Summary

Outline

1 The definition
Weird Math Grammar
Bakit absolute values?
Ano ba yung  at ?
Halimbawa
The definition Summary

Second Slide Title

First item.
The definition Summary

Second Slide Title

First item.
Second item.
The definition Summary

Second Slide Title

First item.
Second item.
Third item.
The definition Summary

Second Slide Title

First item.
Second item.
Third item.
Fourth item.
The definition Summary

Second Slide Title

First item.
Second item.
Third item.
Fourth item.
Fifth item.
The definition Summary

Second Slide Title

First item.
Second item.
Third item.
Fourth item.
Fifth item. Extra text in the fifth item.
The definition Summary

Outline

1 The definition
Weird Math Grammar
Bakit absolute values?
Ano ba yung  at ?
Halimbawa
The definition Summary

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The definition Summary

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Appendix

For Further Reading I

A. Author.
Handbook of Everything.
Some Press, 1990.
S. Someone.
On this and that.
Journal of This and That, 2(1):50100, 2000.