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A Study of Innovation Network Database Construction

by Using Big Data and An Enterprise Strategy Model
ZHOU Wen YE Shu-Tao LU Xiao-Long
School of Computer Engineer and Science
Shanghai University
Shanghai, China
zhouwen@shu.edu.cn, fbcbest@hotmail.com, luxiaolong0822@gmail.com

Abstract This paper presents a method of extracting enterprises strategy alliance data from
massive text on the Internet using the text analysis technique; And also enterprise alliance
innovation networks are constructed based on the existing alliance database; Meanwhile, the process
of partners choice is considered by game model and a game model of average strategy among
enterprises is built.

Keywords Big data; Text analysis; Innovation network; Game model

next step of strategic decisions[6]. First of all

1 Introduction
With the rapid development of Internet and
cloud computing, the volume of data is growing
explosively, the world has officially entered the
era of big data [1]. The name, big data, refers to
the huge size of data by definition[2]. However,
in addition to the volume, variety and velocity
are also the significant features of big data [3].
The complexity of data structure has set
obstacles to the value extracting. A general
network crawler can only operate structurally
stored data, while becomes stretched when
facing unstructured information. To this end,
domestic and foreign researchers have proposed
Text Analysis Technique[4]. Text analysis has
achieved the automatic extraction and analysis
on unstructured information, which is called
Parsing in natural language[5]. The emergence
of text analysis has provided a great help for
researchers to obtain valuable data.
Innovation network is a social network.
Through the research on innovation network the
relevance can be obtained between network
attributes and the capability of innovation,
which can provide a theoretical basis for the
the researches on innovation network is the data
collection. Therefore, we propose that the
enterprise data can be collected by using text
analysis technique, which provides an important
support for the research on innovation network
latter.
This paper has constructed and simulated a
game model to study innovation network from
the perspective on enterprises. To get more
benefits, enterprises must comprehensively
weigh the risks, costs and benefits during
investment Game[7]. Bilateral game will
tend to an equilibrium point, which is called
"Nash Equilibrium" point[8]. At this
equilibrium point, both sides will not make
further changes, which is a steady state of the
game[9].
The main work of this paper is as
follows:(1) Collaboration database construction
by using big data. An idea is presented that
collecting enterprise alliance data with text
analysis technique, storing as the format of
structured information and construct the
database. (2) A study on average strategy game
model among enterprises in innovation network.

978-1-4799-1293-3/13/$31.00 2013 IEEE 

An average cooperative game model is
constructed and the investment strategy in the
condition of average distribution is also
considered, finally is the experimental analysis.
The rest of this paper is organized as follows:
Section 2 describes the research status and the
review of relevant literatures. Section 3 presents
a theoretical hypothesis on innovation network
database construction. Section 4 is the
experiment of average strategy game model and
the results. Finally, conclusions are drawn in
Section 5.
2 Research Status and Literature
Review
2.1 the Big Data
The big data has quickly become the
research hotspot by its abundant value. Huge
benefits are produced to the society through the
rational use of big data. Just two years in
academia, scholars have published numerous
articles. Frankel has extracted the meaning and
value from the theoretical level of the big
data[10]; Elias has applied the big data to
economy from the application level and
developed profitable strategy and then
simulated[11]. Domestic scholars MENG and
LI have also deeply researched on the big
data[12-14]. Big data has clearly been the focus
of the research in various fields.
2.2 Text Analysis Technique
Scholars have made a lot of researches on
text analysis technique and many versions have
been molded. Among foreign scholars, Nord has
proposed a text analysis model facing to
translation, on which experiments were carried
out from multiple perspectives such as text,
language, culture and applied to the field of
teaching[15]; Heinrich has studied the
parameter estimation in text analysis[16].
Among domestic scholars, LIU has deeply
researched on the practical meaning ----
Intention Digging, on which automatically
searched and analyzed combined with the actual
opinions on the Internet[17]; LIN has divided
the text hierarchically based on latent semantic
49
analysis so that ensured the readability[18]
2.3 Game Theory
In the research on economic field, game
theory is a common tool. Many economic
phenomena and behaviors have been understood
as a game situation[19, 20]. Game can be
divided into cooperative game and non-
cooperative game [21]. The core concept
involved in non- cooperative game is the Nash
Equilibrium[22]. The Nash Equilibrium adapts
to the need of modern economics that turning
from simplistic to complex and actual, which
constructs the basis of modern theory method of
economic analysis[23].
3 Innovation Network Database
Construction Based on Text
Analysis
3.1 Proposal of Database Construction
Enterprise database construction is the core
work of this project, so that enterprise data can
automatically collected by text analysis
technique. First, the selection of data sources of
enterprise alliance is SDC Platinum, which is
widely applied to alliance researches. We plan
to collect all the alliance information of the
national enterprises from 2000 to 2011. The text
analysis software and the database should be
initialized before using, and the scope of
collection and the volume of data collected each
batch should be set as well. After that, Lexical
rules and syntax rules are created by text
analysis technique and extract text data from
massive complex data. Then we collect data
from data source, and take the operations that
preprocessing, removing duplication, sorting
and filtering successively, during which the user
can track the progress of the data acquisition.
Export the data when all the data has been
collected in database. The flowchart of the
entire database construction is shown in Figure
1.
 8VHU &RUSXV $GPLQ

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Track and
Data Source Search Text Rule Database System
Search
Tracking Settings Settings Results Settings Management Monitoring

6HUYHU
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Tracking Search Rules Text Rule
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Fig 2 Innovation network of domestic automotive

Data Access industry in the year G2007
Space

Innovation Network (QW$ (QW%

Data Text
Remove Text Text Text
Source
Screening
Preproces
sing
Duplication Sorting Filtering Generation Enterprise Database

Export 7DFWLF6 7DFWLF6

Database >7@ >7@

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Fig 1 The flowchart of database construction D66E66

3.2 Data Checking and Supplement

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When the database is constructed, both 866 D66E666 866 D66E666

program check and manual check on the data

collected in the database should be taken. In Fig 3 Flowchart of bilateral cooperation game model
principle enterprise name, industry name, the
alliance date should be non-empty, so if the innovative alliance by signing contracts or
attribute above is missing, the record should not protocols and constitute the both sides of game.
be saved. The rest attributes are supplemented The flowchart is shown in Figure 3.
by the ways such as text analysis checking and Thus the Nash equilibrium in bilateral
secondary collection. If the error is still exist, cooperation model is:
users should check manually.
S = S = (1) [24]

4 Results and Analysis of the

Experiment 4.2.2 Multilateral Cooperation Game Model
4.1 Data Collection In bilateral cooperation model, the under-
The alliance information of auto- mobile lying assumption is the capacity of the
industry from SDC Platinum from 2000 to 2009 enterprise is sufficient, but in fact the degree
is collected. To make the data more convinced, may be high, and the Nash Equilibrium in
we set three years as a period and construct 8 bilateral cooperation model may be insufficient
networks based on the data above. Then show in the condition of multi-stacking.
them with the software, Netdraw. Figure 2 is the (1) Definition of Insufficient Capacity
network diagram of automotive industry in the Assume that the current capacity of the
year G2007. enterprise i is Ui, when the degree is N, the
consideration of resource needed is:
4.2 Assumption and Construction of Multi-
= (2)
lateral Game Model
4.2.1 Bilateral Cooperation Game Model Then the insufficient capacity means :
Two enterprise A and B construct the < (3)

50
 (2) Average Strategy Model
The main principle of the average strategy
model is: The part of insufficient capacity is
evenly distributed to all the other enterprises
allied to it. The process of steady state forming
in multilateral cooperation game model is given
as follows:
1) Calculate the amount of the insufficient
capacity of all the nodes , , ,, ,
Assume the degree is , , ,,
2) Sort = /
3) Reduce resource expense from the
enterprise of largest , then adjust with
resource expense of the other enterprises until
form the best response.
4) Deduct the nodes in step 3) from the
network, and take the remaining nodes
re-completing step 1), 2), 3) until only one node
in the network.
4.3 Results and Analysis
4.3.1 Preparation
The variables involved in the model are:
Return parameters a, Collaborative parameter
b, Enterprise inherent capacity U and capacity
needs T.
The random space of parameter a includes
1000 random values, which comes from normal
distribution(mu=2, sigma=1), the values are
concentrated between 0-4 (p=0.9545), the
negative values are replaced with 0; The
experience value of parameter b is 1/4, the
random space also includes 1000 random values,
which comes from normal distribution(mu=1/4,
sigma =1/8)the values are concentrated bet-
ween 0-1/2 (p=0.9545)also the negative values
generated are replaced with 0. Generate U by
normal distribution of mu=d/2, sigma =d/4
randomly, assume that the degree is d, then set
U concentrated in the interval [0,d]. The
probability that the value of U falls in the
interval [0,d] is 0.9545, the negative values are
replaced with 0. T can be drawn by Nash
Equilibrium on each pair of relation.
4.3.2 Results
A basic data structure is constructed to take
51
the calculation of the average strategy, in which
parameter dgr, U, T, dgr relational value, dgr
parameter a, dgr parameter b are involved.
Parameter dgr refers to the number of degree.
The algorithm process includes four steps:
1) Determine whether the capacity of each
node is insufficient. (U<T). If it is, then
calculate the insufficient capacity of each edge;
2) Initialize the nodes of insufficient capacity
and set the expense to U/dgr on each edge, the
ones of sufficient to T/dgr ;
3) Update the expense of all the nodes
according to the average strategy algorithm
mentioned in Section 4.2.2;
4) Calculate the income of each node on each
edge.
The expense and income of each node on
each edge can be acquired through the steps
above, and the result is shown in Figure 4.
Figure 4(upper) shows the statistical relation
between expense and income; Figure 4(lower)
shows the statistical relation between degree
and income/expense ratio.
Fig 4 The relation between degree, income and expense
in average strategy
5 Conclusions
First, this paper attempts to collect data from
enterprise alliance database by text analysis
technique, using this technique and manual
operation to check and store the data and then
construct database. Second studies the game
among enterprises and constructs an average
strategy model in innovation network.
Although only a plan is purposed, but
previously we have successful experience of
data collection and also numerous text analysis
techniques exist, which make the plan feasible.
In later research the plan will be improved and
implemented. In addition, in particular a
multilateral cooperation game model among
enterprises based on game is also constructed,
which makes the behavior and mechanisms
more clearly, and provides a choice to the
enterprise to make a strategy.
The coming of big data brings new
opportunities and challenges for the research of
innovation network. Later research will broaden
and deepen based on this paper, as the following
aspects:
(1) Supplement of database model. this
paper only proposes the plan and simulates the
process of the construction of database. Later
research will broaden and deepen the plan and
get the results.
(2) Game analysis on innovation network.
The model presented in this paper is only an
model of ideal state and most parameters are
needed to set manually. Later research will
simplify and improve the model, and push the
model into practical applications.
Acknowledgements:
This study is supported by the National
Science Foundation of China (Grant No.
71003069 and No.71203135).
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