Sybelle June M.

Jumalon BSN III –

Fitzpatrick
NCM 103 August 15, 2010

PHARMACOLOGIC THERAPEUTICS

CLASSIFICATION ACTION
Antiemetics Selectively antagonizes substance P and nerokinin-1 receptors in
the brain; appears to be synergistic with 5-HT3 antagonists and
corticosteroids.
Anticoagulant Reversibly binds to the thrombin-active site and inhibits
thrombin-catalyzed or –induced reactions: fibrin formation,
coagulation factor V, VIII, and XIII activation, protein C activation,
and platelet aggregation. May inhibit the action of free and clot-
associated thrombin.
Hermatinics Provides elemental iron, an essential component in the formation
of hemoglobin.
Laxatives Stimulant laxatives increase peristalsis, probably by direct effect
on smooth muscle of the intestine, by irritating the muscle or
stimulating the colonic intramural plexus. Also promotes fluid
accumulation in colon and small intestine.
Bulk-forming laxative absorbs water and expands to increase
bulk and moisture content of stools. The increased bulk
encourages peristalsis and bowel movement.
Stool softener reduces surface tension of interfacing liquid
contents of the bowel. This detergent activity promotes
incorporation of additional liquid into stools, thus forming a softer
mass.
Saline laxative produces an osmotic effect in the small intestine
by drawing water into the intestinal lumen.
Antipruritus Unclear. Is diffused across cell membranes to form complexes
with receptors. Shows anti-inflammatory and antipruritic,
vasoconstrictive, and antiproliferative activity.
Vitamin Supplement
Antacids Reduces total acid load in GI tract, elevates gastric pH to reduce
pepsin activity, strengthens gastric mucosal barrier, and
increases esophageal sphincter tone.
Antihyperlipidemics Binds bile acids in the intestinal tract, impeding their absorption
and causing their elimination in feces. In response to this bile
acid depletion, LDL cholesterol levels decrease as the liver uses
LDL cholesterol to replenish reduced bile acids.
Antispasmodics Inhibits action of acetylcholine on postganglionic,
parasympathetic muscarinic receptors, decreasing GI motility.
Also, possesses local anesthetic properties that may be partly
responsible for spasmolysis.
Antidiarrheal Inhibits peristaltic activity, prolonging transit of intestinal
contents.
Antisecretory Agents
Vasopressin Increases permeability of the renal tubular epithelium to
adenosine monophosphate and water; the epithelium promotes
reabsorption of water and produces a concentrated urine.
Octreotide Mimics action of naturally occurring somatostatin.
Epinephrine Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by stimulating beta2 receptors
and alpha and beta receptors in the sympathetic nervous system.
Promotility –
Prokinetic
Cholinergic – Directly stimulates muscarinic cholinergic receptors, mimicking
bethanechol acetylcholine action, increasing GI tract tone and peristalsis and
contraction of the detrusor muscle of the urinary bladder.
Antibiotics for H. Binds to the 50S subunit of bacterial ribosomes, blocking protein
pylori and synthesis; bacteriostatic or bactericidal, depending on
Antiinfectives concentration.
a-Interferon and Inhibits viral activity by an unknown mechanism, possibly by
Ribavirin inhibiting RNA and DNA synthesis by depleting intracellular
nucleotide pools.
Pancreatic Enzyme Replaces endogenous exocrine pancreatic enzymes and aids
Replacement digestion of starches, fats, and proteins.