Solution Set

1. (x3 - 3x2 +15x - 45) (x - 3)

Step 1 : Write down the coefficients horizontally. Put the zero from x3=0 ( x=3 ) at the

left.

3 1 3 15 45

Step 2 : Bring down the leading coefficient to the bottom row.

3 1 3 15 45

Step 3 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column:

3 1 3 15 45
3
1

Step 4 : Add down the column: 3+3=0

3 1 3 15 45
3
1 0

Step 5 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column:
3 1 3 15 45
3 0
1 0

Step 6 : Add down the column: 15+0=15

3 1 3 15 45
3 0
1 0 15

Step 7 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column:

3 1 3 15 45
3 0 45
1 0 15

Step 8 : Add down the column: 45+45=0

3 1 3 15 45
3 0 45
1 0 15 0

Bottom line represents the polynomial quotient (x2 + 15) with a remainder of 0.

Answer = x2 + 15
2. (x3 + 5) ( x + 2 )

Step 1 : Write down the coefficients horizontally. Put the zero from x+2=0 ( x=2 ) at the
left.

2 1 0 0 5
____________________

Step 2 : Bring down the leading coefficient to the bottom row.

2 1 0 0 5
____________________
1

Step 3 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column:

2 1 0 0 5
________-2___________
1

Step 4 : Add down the column: 0+(2)=2

2 1 0 0 5
________-2
1 -2

Step 5 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column:

2 1 0 0 5
 -2 4
1 -2

Step 6 : Add down the column: 0+4=4

2 1 0 0 5
-2 4
1 -2 4

Step 7 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column:

2 1 0 0 5
-2 4 -8
1 -2 4

Step 8 : Add down the column: 5+(8)=3

2 1 0 0 5
-2 4 -8
1 -2 4 -3

Bottom line represents the polynomial quotient (x2 2x + 4) with a remainder of 3.

3
Answer: x2 2x + 4
x2

3. (4x3 - 3x2 - 8x + 4) (x - 2)
Step 1 : Write down the coefficients horizontally. Put the zero from x2=0 ( x=2 ) at the
left.

2 4 3 8 4

Step 2 : Bring down the leading coefficient to the bottom row.

2 4 3 8 4

Step 3 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column:
2 4 3 8 4
8
4

Step 4 : Add down the column: 3+8=5

2 4 3 8 4
8
4 5

Step 5 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column:

2 4 3 8 4
8 10
4 5
Step 6 : Add down the column: 8+10=2

2 4 3 8 4
8 10
4 5 2

Step 7 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column:

2 4 3 8 4
8 10 4
4 5 2

Step 8 : Add down the column: 4+4=8

2 4 3 8 4
8 10 4
4 5 2 8

Bottom line represents the polynomial quotient (4x2 + 5x + 2) with a remainder of 8.

8
Answer: 4x2 + 5x + 2 +
x2

4. (3x4 - 6x3 -5x +10) (x - 2)

Explanation

Step 1 : Write down the coefficients horizontally. Put the zero from x2=0 ( x=2 ) at the
left.
2 3 6 0 5 10

Step 2 : Bring down the leading coefficient to the bottom row.

2 3 6 0 5 10

Step 3 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column:

2 3 6 0 5 10
6
3

Step 4 : Add down the column: 6+6=0

2 3 6 0 5 10
6
3 0

Step 5 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column:

2 3 6 0 5 10
6 0
3 0
Step 6 : Add down the column: 0+0=0

2 3 6 0 5 10
6 0
3 0 0

Step 7 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column:

2 3 6 0 5 10
6 0 0
3 0 0

Step 8 : Add down the column: 5+0=5

2 3 6 0 5 10
6 0 0
3 0 0 -5

Step 9 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column:

2 3 6 0 5 10
6 0 0 -10
3 0 0 -5

Step 10 : Add down the column: 10+(10)=0

2 3 6 0 5 10
6 0 0 10
 3 0 0 -5 0

Bottom line represents the polynomial quotient (3x3 5) with a remainder of 0.

Answer: 3x3 5

5. (x3 - x2 + 2x + 4) (x - 2)

Explanation

Step 1 : Write down the coefficients horizontally. Put the zero from x2=0 ( x=2 ) at the
left.

2 1 1 2 4

Step 2 : Bring down the leading coefficient to the bottom row.

2 1 1 2 4

Step 3 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column:

2 1 1 2 4
2
1

Step 4 : Add down the column: 1+2=1

2 1 1 2 4
2
1 1

Step 5 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column:

2 1 1 2 4
2 2
1 1

Step 6 : Add down the column: 2+2=4

2 1 1 2 4
2 2
1 1 4

Step 7 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column:

2 1 1 2 4
2 2 8
1 1 4

Step 8 : Add down the column: 4+8=12

2 1 1 2 4
2 2 8
 1 1 4 12

Bottom line represents the polynomial quotient (x2 + x + 4) with a remainder of 12.

12
Answer: x2 + x + 4 +
x2

6. (3x3 + 2x2 - x + 3) (x - 3)

Explanation

Step 1 : Write down the coefficients horizontally. Put the zero from x3=0 ( x=3 ) at the
left.

3 3 2 1 3

Step 2 : Bring down the leading coefficient to the bottom row.

3 3 2 1 3

Step 3 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column:

3 3 2 1 3
9
 3

Step 4 : Add down the column: 2+9=11

3 3 2 1 3
9
3 11

Step 5 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column:

3 3 2 1 3
9 33
3 11

Step 6 : Add down the column: 1+33=32

3 3 2 1 3
9 33
3 11 32

Step 7 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column:

3 3 2 1 3
9 33 96
3 11 32

Step 8 : Add down the column: 3+96=99

3 3 2 1 3
9 33 96
3 11 32 99
Bottom line represents the polynomial quotient (3x2 + 11x + 32) with a remainder of 99.

99
Answer: 3x2 + 11x + 32 +
x3

7. (x3 - 1) (x - 1)

Explanation
Step 1 : Write down the coefficients horizontally. Put the zero from x1=0 ( x=1 ) at the
left.

1 1 0 0 1

Step 2 : Bring down the leading coefficient to the bottom row.

1 1 0 0 1
__________________
1

Step 3 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column:

1 1 0 0 1
1
1
Step 4 : Add down the column: 0+1=1

1 1 0 0 1
1
1 1

Step 5 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column:

1 1 0 0 1
1 1
1 1

Step 6 : Add down the column: 0+1=1

1 1 0 0 1
1 1
1 1 1

Step 7 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column:

1 1 0 0 1
1 1 1
1 1 1

Step 8 : Add down the column: -1+1=0

1 1 0 0 1
1 1 1
1 1 1 0
Bottom line represents the polynomial quotient (x2 + x + 1) with a remainder of 0.

Answer: x2 + x + 1

8. (2x3 + 7x2 -6x - 8) (x + 4)

Explanation

Step 1 : Write down the coefficients horizontally. Put the zero from x+4=0 ( x=4 ) at the
left.

4 2 7 6 8
__________________

Step 2 : Bring down the leading coefficient to the bottom row.

4 2 7 6 8
___________________
2

Step 3 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column:

4 2 7 6 8
-8
2

Step 4 : Add down the column: 7+(8)=1

4 2 7 6 8
 -8
2 -1

Step 5 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column:

4 2 7 6 8
-8 4
2 -1

Step 6 : Add down the column: 6+4=2

4 2 7 6 8
-8 4
2 -1 2

Step 7 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column:

4 2 7 6 8
-8 4 8
2 -1 2

Step 8 : Add down the column: 8+8=0

4 2 7 6 8
-8 4 8
2 -1 2 0

Bottom line represents the polynomial quotient (2x2 x 2) with a remainder of 0.

Answer: 2x2 x 2
9. (x2 - 4x - 5) (x - 3)

Explanation
Step 1 : Write down the coefficients horizontally. Put the zero from x3=0 ( x=3 ) at the
left.

3 1 4 5
______________

Step 2 : Bring down the leading coefficient to the bottom row.

3 1 4 5
______________
1

Step 3 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column:

3 1 4 5
3
1

Step 4 : Add down the column: 4+3=1

3 1 4 5
3
1 1

Step 5 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column:

3 1 4 5
3 3
 1 1

Step 6 : Add down the column: 5+(3)=8

3 1 4 5
3 3
1 1 -8

Bottom line represents the polynomial quotient (x 1) with a remainder of 8.

8
Answer: x -1 -
x3

10. (2x3 - x2 + 3) (x + 3)

Explanation

Step 1 : Write down the coefficients horizontally. Put the zero from x+3=0 ( x=3 ) at the
left.

3 2 1 0 3
___________________

Step 2 : Bring down the leading coefficient to the bottom row.

3 2 1 0 3
_________________
2
Step 3 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column:

3 2 1 0 3
-6
2

Step 4 : Add down the column: 1+(6)=7

3 2 1 0 3
-6
2 -7

Step 5 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column:

3 2 1 0 3
-6 21
2 -7

Step 6 : Add down the column: 0+21=21

3 2 1 0 3
-6 21
2 -7 21

Step 7 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column:

3 2 1 0 3
-6 21 -63
2 -7 21
Step 8 : Add down the column: 3+(63)=60

3 2 1 0 3
-6 21 -63
2 -7 21 -60

Bottom line represents the polynomial quotient (2x2 7x + 21) with a remainder of 60.

60
Answer: 2x2 7x + 21 -
x3