ADVANCED STRESS ANALYSIS (ME603)

Chapter 1
Analysis of Stress

Advanced Stress Analysis Chapter 1

CHAPTER 1 ANALYSIS OF STRESS
1.7 Stress on Inclined Planes in an Axially Loaded Member
y
y x'
p x'

x
p p
p y'

<Isolated part of bar in tension>

p cos
x' x cos2
Ax'
p sin
x' y ' x sin cos
Ax'

- Derive these equations

Advanced Stress Analysis Chapter 1

CHAPTER 1 ANALYSIS OF STRESS
1.7 Stress on Inclined Planes in an Axially Loaded Member

<Variation of stress at a point with the inclined section in the bar>

Advanced Stress Analysis Chapter 1

CHAPTER 1 ANALYSIS OF STRESS
Problem 1.1

Answer: 4.27 KN

Advanced Stress Analysis Chapter 1

CHAPTER 1 ANALYSIS OF STRESS
Problem 1.5

Answers:
Normal stress: -13.15 MPa
Shear stress: -15.67 MPa

Advanced Stress Analysis Chapter 1

CHAPTER 1 ANALYSIS OF STRESS

1.8 Variation of Stress within a Body

y
The components of stress generally vary from y y dy
y
point to point in a stressed body.
xy yx xy
xy dy
y
These variations are governed by the condition xy
Fy xy dx
of equilibrium of statics
x x
x x dx
Fx x

The variation of stress with position may be

expressed by truncated Taylors expression x

y
<Element with stresses and body forces>

Advanced Stress Analysis Chapter 1

CHAPTER 1 ANALYSIS OF STRESS

1.8 Variation of Stress within a Body

y
Differential equation of equilibrium y y dy
y

xy yx xy
xy dy
x xy y
x
F 0 : (
x

y
Fx ) dxdy 0 xy
Fy xy dx
x x
xy y x x dx
F y
0:(
x

y
Fy )dxdy 0 Fx x

x
x xy
Fx 0
x y
y
xy y <Element with stresses and body forces>
Fy 0
x y
Derive these Equations

Advanced Stress Analysis Chapter 1

CHAPTER 1 ANALYSIS OF STRESS

1.8 Variation of Stress within a Body

Differential equation of equilibrium

For three dimensional; differential equations of equilibrium

x xy xz
Fx 0
x y z
xy y yz
Fy 0
x y z
xz xy z
Fz 0
x y z

ij Fi 0, Fi : body force

Advanced Stress Analysis Chapter 1

CHAPTER 1 ANALYSIS OF STRESS

1.8 Variation of Stress within a Body

Problem 1.9

Answers: Fx = 0 , Fy = 0, Fz = 0

Advanced Stress Analysis Chapter 1

CHAPTER 1 ANALYSIS OF STRESS

1.9 Two-Dimensional Stress at a Point

Consider a wedge cut from the loaded body.

y'
y x'
x 'y ' x '
x
x

xy

y
<Elements in plane stress>

Advanced Stress Analysis Chapter 1

CHAPTER 1 ANALYSIS OF STRESS

1.9 Two-Dimensional Stress at a Point

The transformation equations for stress

y'
y
are like below. x'
x 'y ' x '
x ' x cos 2 y sin 2 2 xy sin cos x
x
x ' y ' xy (cos 2 sin 2 ) ( x y ) sin cos
y ' x sin 2 y cos 2 2 xy sin cos xy

Above equations can also become like below. y

<Elements in plane stress>
y x y
x' x cos 2 xy sin 2
2 2
y x y
y' x cos 2 xy sin 2
2 2
y
x'y' x sin 2 xy cos 2
2
Derive these Equations

Advanced Stress Analysis Chapter 1

CHAPTER 1 ANALYSIS OF STRESS

1.10 Principal Stresses and Max. Shear Stress in Two Dimensions

Principal direction
To determine the orientation of xy corresponding to maximum or
minimum x , the necessary condition is required.

d x '
( x y ) sin 2 2 xy cos 2 0
d
Above an equation is simplified like that.

xy
tan 2p
y
( x )
2

Principal stress

x y x y 2 2
max, min 1, 2 ( ) xy
2 2

Advanced Stress Analysis Chapter 1

CHAPTER 1 ANALYSIS OF STRESS

1.10 Principal Stresses and Max. Shear Stress in Two Dimensions

Plane of max. shear stress

To determine the plane of maximum shear stress, we also use
the necessary condition.

d x ' y '
( x y ) cos 2 2 xy sin 2 0,
d

x y
( )
tan 2s 2
xy

Advanced Stress Analysis Chapter 1

CHAPTER 1 ANALYSIS OF STRESS

1.10 Principal Stresses and Max. Shear Stress in Two Dimensions

Max. shear stress

x y 2 2 1
max ( ) xy ( 1 2)
2 2
1
avg ( x y )
2

Advanced Stress Analysis Chapter 1

CHAPTER 1 ANALYSIS OF STRESS

1.11 Mohrs Circle for Two-Dimensional Stress

Procedure for drawing Mohrs circle
Establish a rectangular coordinate system
Locate point A by coordinate x and xy, and point B
by coordinate y and xy
Locate the center C of the circle
Draw a circle with center at C and of radius equal to CA

Principal
x y
D
Stresses C ( , ) ( ),0
max
2
B

2 C 1
x y 2 2
2 p Maximum R ( ) xy
A( x , xy )
shearing
Stresses
2
E

Advanced Stress Analysis Chapter 1

CHAPTER 1 ANALYSIS OF STRESS

1.11 Example 1.3

Determine the magnitude and orientation of the principal stresses.
Determine the magnitude and orientation of the maximum shearing stresses and
associated normal stresses.

' 60

40 MPa
y Y D
B(40,30)

30 MPa

2 ' 's
F
O B1 C
(MPa )
80MPa A1
2 ' p
F
x
A(80,30)
E X

Advanced Stress Analysis Chapter 1

CHAPTER 1 ANALYSIS OF STRESS

1.11 Example 1.3

The center of the circle is at (40+80)/2=60 MPa on the axis.
The principal stresses are located at A1 and B1.

1 Thus, 1=96.05 MPa and 2=23.95 MPa

1, 2 60 (80 40) 2 302
4
The orientation of the principal stresses are given by,
30
2 ' p tan 1 56.3 and 2 ' ' p 56.3 180 236.30
20
Thus, ' p 28.15 and ' ' p 28.15 90 118.5
y'

x'

28.15
x

96.05MPa
23.95MPa

Advanced Stress Analysis Chapter 1

CHAPTER 1 ANALYSIS OF STRESS

1.11 Example 1.3

The maximum shearing stresses are located at D and E, thus
1
max (80 40) 2 302 36.05MPa
4
The orientation of the maximum shearing stresses are given by,
20
) 326.31 Thus, 's 163.15
2 ' s tan 1 (
30
we can also obtain ' 's 28.15 45 73.15
x'

y' 73.15

60MPa

36.05MPa
60MPa

Advanced Stress Analysis Chapter 1

CHAPTER 1 ANALYSIS OF STRESS

Summary

Advanced Stress Analysis Chapter 1