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Operations improvement 18

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?Why the focus on improvement

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The Red Queen effect
(( ): Red Queen hypothesis )
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1973 ( )Van Valen
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Radical or breakthrough change


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Continuous or incremental improvement

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The structure of improvement ideas:



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( )598-588
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The Checklist Manifesto 4 SHORT CASE
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The key elements of operations improvement


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Improvement cycles

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-( PDCA ''
)( DMAIC )
PDCA ( 18.3 ). ( P)
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. PDCA
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DMAIC PDCA
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DMAIC .
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A process perspective

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End-to-end processes
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18.4 .

18.4 ( )

- Evidence-based problem-solving
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Customer centricity
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(Voice of the customer (VOC) )VOC
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Systems and procedures
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Reduce process variation
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Synchronized flow
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/ Emphasize education/training

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Perfection is the goal

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Waste identification
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Include everybody
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Develop internal customersupplier relationships

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The broad approaches to managing improvement

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Total quality management as an improvement
approach
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SHORT CASE

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Lean as an improvement approach


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)Business process re-engineering (BPR


s1990 Michael
Hammer
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Critical commentary

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Six Sigma

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Measuring performance
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( - 1 ).
( )DPU (
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( ( * )).
( )DPMO
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11 DPMO -devi
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Worked example
. 300
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= /

18
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51
300
= 17( 0.17)
= - 1
= 0.83 = 17-1 ( 83)
=

Numer
=
74
300
= ( 0.247 DPU )24.7
=

*
=
74
4 * 300
= DPO 0.062
19

= 6 DPO * 10
= DPMO 62000


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(.)DPMO
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" " The martial arts analogy


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Xchanging
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Xchanging . -operat
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Xchanging
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Xchanging . Xchanging

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Differences and similarities
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analytical
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( -martial ) .
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? What techniques can be used for improvement
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Scatter diagrams

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Kaston Pyral : ()A
Kaston Pyral ( )
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10-1
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( ) )Process maps (flow charts
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Kaston Pyral : (Example: Kaston Pyral Services Ltd (B) )B
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Causeeffect diagrams

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Kaston Pyral : ) Example: Kaston Pyral Services Ltd (C


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Pareto diagrams
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Kaston Pyral : ()D


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Whywhy analysis
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Kaston Pyral : ()E
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