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Tube (Fluid Conveyance) - Wikipedia
Tube (Fluid Conveyance) - Wikipedia
Contents
1 Manufacture
2 Standards
3 Calculation of strength
4 See also
5 References
6 External links
Manufacture
There are three classes of manufactured tubing: seamless,[1] as-welded or electric resistant welded (ERW), and drawn-
over-mandrel (DOM).
Standards
There are many industry and government standards for pipe and tubing. Many standards exist for tube manufacture;
some of the most common are as follows:
ASTM A213 Standard Specification for Seamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy-Steel Boiler, Superheater, Heat-
Exchanger Tubes.
ASTM A269 Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubing for General
Service
ASTM A270 Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Sanitary Tubing
ASTM A511 Standard Specification for Seamless Stainless Steel Mechanical Tubing
ASTM A513 Standard Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon and Alloy Steel Mechanical Tubing
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ASTM A554 Standard Specification for Welded Stainless Steel Mechanical Tubing
British Standard 1387:1985 Specification for screwed and socketed steel tubes and tubulars and for plain end
steel tubes suitable for welding or for screwing to BS 21 pipe threads
ASTM material specifications generally cover a variety of grades or types that indicate a specific material composition.
Some of the most commonly used are:
TP 304
TP 316
MT 304
MT 403
MT 506
In installations using hydrogen, copper and stainless steel tubing must be factory pre-cleaned (ASTM B 280) and/or
certified as instrument grade. This is due to hydrogen's particular propensities: to explode in the presence of oxygen,
oxygenation sources, or contaminants; to leak due to its atomic size; and to cause embrittlement of metals, particularly
under pressure.
Calculation of strength
For a tube of silicone rubber[2] with a tensile strength of 10 MPa and an 8 mm outer diameter and 2 mm thick walls.
The maximum pressure may be calculated as follows:
Pressure burst = (Tensile strength * Wall thickness * 2 / (10 * Outer diameter) ) * 10 [Pa]
See also
Copper tubing Materials used in water supply systems
Hydrogen piping Piping
Hydraulic tubes Tube and pipe benders
References
1. "API 5L Grade B seamless tube PSL1 & PSL2" (http://www.hysteelpipe.com/api-5l-line-pipe/api-5l-gr-b-seamless-
steel-pipe/). HYSP Steel Pipe.
2. "Mechanical properties of metals" (http://www.ami.ac.uk/courses/topics/0123_mpm/index.html). 100607 ami.ac.uk
External links
Steeltubeinstitute.org (http://www.steeltubeinstitute.org/mechanical_process.htm)
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