Kristianne Mari V.

Pizarro September 4, 2016

Grade 9 Peter

Manuel Luis Quezn de Molina (August 19, 1878 August 1, 1944) was a Filipino statesman, soldier, and
politician who served as president of the Commonwealth of the Philippines from 1935 to 1944. He was the first
Filipino to head a government of the entire Philippines (as opposed to the government of previous Philippine
states), and is considered to have been the second president of the Philippines, after Emilio Aguinaldo (1897
1901). Quezon was a Spanish Filipino, with both his parents being Filipino mestizos.

Quezon was the first Senate president elected to the presidency, the first president elected through a national
election, and the first incumbent to secure re-election (for a partial second term, later extended, due to
amendments to the 1935 Constitution). For pushing Commonwealth Act No. 184 that established the National
Language Institute and a consequent Philippine national language, Quezon has been tagged as his country's
"Father of the National Language".

During his presidency, Quezon tackled the problem of landless peasants in the countryside. His other major
decisions include the reorganization of the islands' military defense, approval of a recommendation for
government reorganization, the promotion of settlement and development in Mindanao, dealing with the foreign
stranglehold on Philippine trade and commerce, proposals for land reform, and opposing graft and corruption
within the government. He established an exiled government in the U.S. with the outbreak of the war and the
threat of Japanese invasion.

It was during his exile in the U.S. that he died of tuberculosis at Saranac Lake, New York. He was buried in
theArlington National Cemetery until the end of World War II, when his remains were moved to Manila. His final
resting place is the Quezon Memorial Circle.

In 2015, the Board of the International Raoul Wallenberg Foundation approved a posthumously bestowal of the
Wallenberg Medal upon President Quezon and to the people of the Philippines for having reached-out,
between 1937 and 1941, to the victims of the Holocaust. President Benigno Aquino III, and Mara Zeneida
Quezon Avancea, who is 94 years old and the daughter of the former President, were duly informed about
this recognition.

House of Representatives[edit]

In 1907, he was elected to the first Philippine Assembly later became the House of Representatives where
he served as majority floor leader and chairman of the committee on rules as well as the chairman also of the
committee on appropriations. From 1909 to 1916, he served as one of the Philippines' two resident
commissioners to the U.S. House of Representatives, lobbying for the passage of the Philippine Autonomy
Act or Jones Law.

Senate[edit]

Quezon returned to Manila in 1916 to be elected into the Philippine Senate as Senator and later elected by his
peers as Senate President, serving continuously until 1935 (19 years), becoming the longest serving. He
headed the first Independent Mission to the U.S. Congress in 1919 and secured the passage of the Tydings
McDuffie Actin 1934. In 1922, Quezon became the leader of the Nacionalista Party alliance.
Kristianne Mari V. Pizarro September 4, 2016

Grade 9 Peter

Manuel Luis Quezn de Molina (August 19, 1878 August 1, 1944) was a Filipino statesman, soldier, and
politician who served as president of the Commonwealth of the Philippines from 1935 to 1944. He was the first
Filipino to head a government of the entire Philippines (as opposed to the government of previous Philippine
states), and is considered to have been the second president of the Philippines, after Emilio Aguinaldo (1897
1901). Quezon was a Spanish Filipino, with both his parents being Filipino mestizos.

Quezon was the first Senate president elected to the presidency, the first president elected through a national
election, and the first incumbent to secure re-election (for a partial second term, later extended, due to
amendments to the 1935 Constitution). For pushing Commonwealth Act No. 184 that established the National
Language Institute and a consequent Philippine national language, Quezon has been tagged as his country's
"Father of the National Language".

During his presidency, Quezon tackled the problem of landless peasants in the countryside. His other major
decisions include the reorganization of the islands' military defense, approval of a recommendation for
government reorganization, the promotion of settlement and development in Mindanao, dealing with the foreign
stranglehold on Philippine trade and commerce, proposals for land reform, and opposing graft and corruption
within the government. He established an exiled government in the U.S. with the outbreak of the war and the
threat of Japanese invasion.

It was during his exile in the U.S. that he died of tuberculosis at Saranac Lake, New York. He was buried in
theArlington National Cemetery until the end of World War II, when his remains were moved to Manila. His final
resting place is the Quezon Memorial Circle. In 2015, the Board of the International Raoul Wallenberg
Foundation approved a posthumously bestowal of the Wallenberg Medal upon President Quezon and to the
people of the Philippines for having reached-out, between 1937 and 1941, to the victims of the Holocaust.
President Benigno Aquino III, and Mara Zeneida Quezon Avancea, who is 94 years old and the daughter of
the former President, were duly informed about this recognition.

Economy

Upon the creation of the Commonwealth, the economic condition of the nation was stable and promising. With
foreign trade reaching a peak of four hundred million pesos, the upward trend in business was accentuated
and assumed the aspect of a boom. Exports crops were generally good and, with the exception of tobacco,
they were all in high demand in foreign trade markets. Indeed, the value of the Philippine exports reached an
all high of 320,896,000 pesos, the highest since 1929. On the other hand, government revenues amounted to
76,675,000 pesos in 1936, as compared with the 1935 revenue of 65,000,000 pesos. Even the government
companies, with the exception of the Manila Railroad, managed to earn profits. Gold production increased
about 37% and iron nearly 100%, while cement production augmented by some 14%. Notwithstanding this
prosperous situation,[8] the government had to meet certain economic problems besetting the country. For this
purpose, the National Economic Council was created. This body advised the government in economic and
financial questions, including promotion of industries, diversification of crops and enterprises, tariffs, taxation,
and formulation of an economic program in the preparation for the future independent Republic of the
Philippines.[8]Again, a law reorganized the National Development Company; the National Rice and Corn
Company (NARIC) was created and was given a capital of four million pesos.[8]Upon the recommendation of
the National Economic Council, agricultural colonies were established in the country, especially in Koronadal,
Malig, and other appropriate sites in Mindanao. The government, moreover, offered facilities of every sort to
encourage migration and settlement in those places. The Agricultural and Industrial Bank was established to
aid small farmers with convenient loans on easy terms. Attention was also devoted to soil survey, as well as to
the proper disposition of lands of the public domain. These steps and measures held much promise for
improved economic welfare.[8]