B CNG THNG

TRNG I HC CNG NGHIP TP. HCM

KHOA CNG NGH HA HC

----- -----

BO CO THC HNH
MN THC HNH QU TRNH & THIT B HA HC

BI 6:
THIT B TRUYN NHIT V NG

Gio vin hng dn: ThS. V Thanh Hng

Sinh vin thc hin: Nguyn Khc c
M s sinh vin: 14078431
T 4 Nhm 3
Ngy thc hin: 18/08/2017

TP.H Ch Minh, Thng 9 nm 2017

 BI 6. THIT B TRUYN NHIT V NG

6.1. TM TT ................................................................................................................. 2

6.2. GII THIU ............................................................................................................. 2

6.2.1. C s l thuyt [1] ............................................................................................. 2

6.3. MC CH TH NGHIM ...................................................................................... 7

6.4. THC NGHIM [2] ................................................................................................. 7

6.4.1. S h thng th nghim truyn nhit loi ng xon ...................................... 7

6.4.2. Trang thit b, ha cht ...................................................................................... 9

6.4.3. Tin hnh th nghim ....................................................................................... 11

6.4.3.1. Kho st trng hp xui chiu thit b ................................................... 11

6.4.3.1.1. Cc bc tin hnh th nghim .......................................................... 11

6.4.3.2. Kho st trng hp ngc chiu thit b ................................................ 11

6.4.3.2.1. Cc bc tin hnh th nghim .......................................................... 11

6.4.3.3. Kt thc th nghim................................................................................... 12

6.5. KT QU V BN LUN [3] ............................................................................. 12

6.5.1. Kt qu ............................................................................................................. 12

6.5.1.1. Kho st trng hp xui chiu thit b ................................................... 12

6.5.1.1.1. Tnh ton kt qu kho st ................................................................. 13

6.5.1.1.2. Tm tt kt qu xui chiu ................................................................ 18

6.5.1.2. Kho st trng hp ngc chiu thit b ................................................ 20

6.5.1.2.1. Tnh ton kt qu kho st ................................................................. 21

6.5.1.2.2. Tm tt kt qu xui chiu ................................................................ 26

6.5.1.3. Bn lun .................................................................................................... 28

6.6. KT LUN ............................................................................................................. 29

6.7. TNH MU ............................................................................................................. 29

TI LIU THAM KHO ................................................................................................i

PH LC........................................................................................................................ ii

1
 BI 6. THIT B TRUYN NHIT V NG

6.1. TM TT

Bi bo co l tm tt qu trnh kho st nh hng ca chiu chuyn ng lu cht

ln qu trnh truyn nhit xui chiu v ngc chiu ln qu trnh truyn nhit v ng vi
dng ng xon. Qu trnh thc nghim v x l kt qu nhm xc nh h s truyn nhit
thc nghim KTN ca thit b v so snh vi kt qu c tnh ton theo l thuyt KLT. H
s truyn nhit l thuyt KLT c xc nh thng qua ch dng chy v cc chun s
tm h s cp nhit ca dng nng v dng lnh. ng thi tnh nhit lng dng
nng ta ra, dng lnh thu vo, cc hiu sut ca qu trnh truyn nhit t rt ra nhn
xt xem ch chy no mang li hiu qu truyn nhit tt hn.

6.2. GII THIU

6.2.1. C s l thuyt [1]

Qu trnh trao i nhit gia 2 dng lu cht qua mt b mt ngn cch rt thng
gp trong cc lnh vc cng nghip ha cht, thc phm, ha cht, Trong nhit lng
do dng nng ta ra s c dng lnh thu vo. Mc ch qu trnh nhm thc hin mt
gian on no trong quy trnh cng ngh, c th l un nng, lm ngui, ngng t
hay bc hi... Ty thuc vo bn cht ca qu trnh m ta s b tr s phn b ca cc
dng sao cho gim tn tht, tng hiu sut ca qu trnh

Hiu sut qu trnh trao i nhit cao hay thp ty thuc vo cch ta b tr thit b,
iu khin hot ng, Trong , chiu chuyn ng ca cc dng c ngha rt quan
trng.

- Cn bng nng lng khi cho 2 dng trao i nhit gin tip: Nhit lng do dng
nng ta ra
= . . (6.1)

- Nhit lng do dng lnh thu vo

= . . (6.2)

2
 - Nhit lng tn tht (Phn nhit lng m dng nng ta ra nhng dng lnh khng
thu vo c c th do trao i nhit vi mi trng xung quanh):
= (6.3)

- Cn bng nhit lng:

= + (6.4)

- Mt khc nhit lng trao i cng c th tnh theo cng thc:

= . . (6.5)

T (6.5) ta thy nhit lng trao i s ph thuc vo kch thc thit b F, cch b
tr cc dng . Do thit b l phn cng ta rt kh thay i nn c th xem nhit lng
trao i trong cc trng hp ny ph thuc vo cch b tr cc dng chy

Ta c cc cch b tr sau

- Chy xui chiu: Lu th 1 v 2 chy song song cng chiu vi nhau

- Chy ngc chiu: Lu th 1 v 2 chy song song nhng ngc chiu nhau

- Chy cho dng: Lu th 1 v lu th 2 chy theo phng vung gcChy hn hp:

3
 - lu th 1 chy theo hng no cn lu th 2 th c on chy cng chiu c on
chy ngc chiu c on chy cho dng

Ty vo cch b tr m ta c phng php xc nh hiu s nhit hu ch logarit

khc nhau

= (6.6)

Trng hp chy ngc chiu

t2c
t1 t1c

t2

t1

t2c t1c

t2

Hnh 6-1: c trng thay i nhit khi chy ngc chiu

Xt trng hp hai lu th chy ngc chiu dc theo b mt trao i nhit, nhit
ca lu th nng gim, nhit lu th ngui tng v c biu din nh gin sau

1 = (6.7)

2 = (6.8)

= 1
Nu 1 > 2 {
= 2

= 2
Nu 1 < 2 {
= 1

Trng hp hai lu th chy xui chiu

Xt trng hp hai lu th chy xui dc b mt trao i nhit, nhit ca lu th

nng gim, nhit ca lu th lnh tng v c biu din nh gin sau

4
 Hnh 6-2: c trng thay i nhit khi chy xui chiu

= 1 =

= 2 =

Nu trong qu trnh truyn nhit khi t s < 2 th hiu s nhit trung bnh

c th c tnh gn ng cng thc sau:

+
= (6.9)
2

Hiu sut nhit trong cc qu trnh truyn nhit ca dng nng v dng lnh ln
lt:

= . 100% (6.10)

= . 100% (6.11)

Hiu sut nhit hu ch ca qu trnh truyn nhit:

+
= (6.12)
2

Hiu sut ca qu trnh truyn nhit:

5

= . 100% (6.13)

Xc nh h s truyn nhit thc nghim:

= (6.14)
.

Trong : F = . .
+
( = ) : l ng knh trung bnh ca ng truyn nhit, m.
2

Xc nh h s truyn nhit l thuyt:

= (6.15)
1 1
+ +

Khi : ; ta tra bng. Ta c, h s truyn nhit ca innox: = 17.5 (2 . )

H s cp nhit c tnh thng qua chun s = (, , Pr)

. .
= (6.16)

. . . 3 (6.17)
=
2

= (6.18)

Khi Re > 10000: Chy ri

0,8 0,43
0,25
= 0,021. . .-( ) (6.19)

Khi 1000 < Re < 10000: Chy tng

0,33 0,43 0,1

0,25
= 0,17. . . - ( ) (6.20)

Mt khc:
6
 .
= (6.21)

T ta suy ra c h s cp nhit th vo cng thc (6.15) tnh

6.3. MC CH TH NGHIM

- Sinh vin bit vn hnh thit b truyn nhit, hiu nguyn l ng m van iu chnh
lu lng, hng dng chy, bit s c c th xy ra v cch x l tnh hung
- Kho st qu trnh truyn nhit un nng hoc lm ngui gin tip gia 2 dng qua
mt b mt ngn cch l ng xon
- Tnh ton hiu xut ton phn da vo cn bng nhit lng nhng lu lng
dng khc nhau
- Kho st nh hng ca chiu chuyn ng ln qu trnh truyn nhit trong 2 trng
hp xui chiu v ngc chiu
- Xc nh h s truyn nhit thc nghim KTN ca thit b t so snh vi kt qu
tnh ton theo l thuyt KLT.

6.4. THC NGHIM [2]

6.4.1. S h thng th nghim truyn nhit loi ng xon

Hnh 6-3: S h thng th nghim truyn nhit loi ng xon

7
H thng kho st gm 2 loi thit b chnh

Thit b truyn nhit loi ng xon c v ngoi bng thy tinh

Hnh 6-4: S t in

Thit b truyn nhit loi ng xon c v ngoi bng thy tinh

H thng th nghim gm 2 thng cha nc nng (thng nng) v nc lnh

(thng lnh) c ni vo 2 bm tng ng bm nng v bm lnh dn dng
nng v dng lnh v ln lt 2 thit b truyn nhit loi ng xon qua 2 thit b o lu
lng loi rotamet

S phn b cc dng lu cht vo thit b c iu chnh qua h thng van v

( = 1 9, = 1 7). Lu lng ca dng nng v dng lnh c iu chnh nh
2 van VN v VL

Nhit u vo v ra ca cc dng ln lt c xc nh nh cc u cm bin

nhit ca cp nhit in loi K v truyn tn hiu v t iu khin v hin th trn ng
h hin th RTC.

Nc trong thng cha nc nng s c gia nhit nh in tr 3KW c kt ni vi

b iu kin ON/OFF trn t iu khin khng ch nhit trong thng cha theo yu
cu th nghim

8
Ch : i vi cc van v khi ng th phi ng hon ton, khi m th phi m
hon ton.Hnh 6-5: S t in

H thng t in bao gm

- n bo sng khi c in vo t iu khin

- Cng tc tng (c n bo sng khi m)
- Nt nhn m (mu xanh) nt nht tt (mu ) ca bm nng, bm lnh.
- Cng tc in tr.
- Nt dng khn cp (nhn vo khi c s c, xoay theo kim ng h khi cn m)
- ng h hin th nhit dng nng T1, T3, T5, T7.
- ng h hin th nhit dng lnh T2, T4, T6, T8.
- B ci t nhit thng nng T9.

6.4.2. Trang thit b, ha cht

Bi thc hnh c trang b h thng t iu khin h thng bm, in tr, ci t

nhit v cc u bo nhit , cch thc hot ng nh sau:

- Kt ni ngun in cung cp cho t iu khin (n bo sng)

- Bt cng tc tng (n bo sng)
- M np thng cha nc nng TN v lnh TL (nu c) kim tra nc n hn 2/3
thng. Trc khi cho nc vo thng phi ng van x y.
- ng np thng cha nc nng v nc lnh 9 (nu c).
- Ci t nhit trn b iu khin ON/OFF cho thng cha nc nng TN
- Bt cng tc in tr
- Khi nhit trong thng cha nc nng TN t gi tr ci t th bt u tin hnh
th nghim
- Trn thit b ng xon b tr dng chy xui chiu hay ngc chiu ch cn iu
chnh dng lnh, cn dng nng th lun b tr c nh mt chiu t trn xung.

Cc k hiu

: Hiu s nhit gia u vo v u ra ca dng nng

: Hiu s nhit gia u vo v u ra ca dng lnh

: Hiu sut nhit ca dng nng

9
 : Hiu sut nhit ca dng lnh

: Hiu sut nhit hu ch

: Hiu sut truyn nhit

: Lu lng th tch ca dng nng (3 )

: Lu lng th tch ca dng lnh (3 )

: Lu lng th tch ca dng nng ()

: Lu lng th tch ca dng lnh ()

: Nhit dung ring ca dng nng (. ) (tra bng)

: Nhit dung ring ca dng lnh (. ) (tra bng)

: Khi lng ring ca dng nng (3 ) (tra bng)

: Khi lng ring ca dng lnh (3 ) (tra bng)

: Nhit lng do dng nng ta ra

: Nhit lng do dng lnh thu vo ( )

: Nhit lng tn tht ( )

1 : Hiu s nhit gia dng nng v dng lnh ti u trn ca thit b

2 : Hiu s nhit gia dng nng v dng lnh ti di trn ca thit b

: Hiu s nhit hu ch logarit

: H s truyn nhit ( 2 . )

: Din tch trao i nhit (2 )

i vi k hiu kch thc ng xon:

: ng knh trong ca ng xon ()

: ng knh ngoi ca ng xon ()

1 : ng knh trong ca thit b inox ()

2 : ng knh trong ca ng thy tinh ()

1 : Chiu di ca ng xon trong thit b inox TB1 ()

10
 2 : Chiu di ca ng xon trong thit b thy tinh TB2 ()

Bng 6-1: Bng kch thc ng xon

15mm 17mm 250mm 100mm 12mm 6mm

6.4.3. Tin hnh th nghim

6.4.3.1. Kho st trng hp xui chiu thit b

6.4.3.1.1. Cc bc tin hnh th nghim

- Bc 1: M van cho nc vo khong 23 th tch thng nng v thng lnh.

- Bc 2: M cng tc tng cp ngun cho t in, m cng tc in tr v ci t
nhit cho thng nng 80.
- Bc 3: iu chnh lu lng dng nng (trnh iu chnh nhit cao s lm h
lu lng k), sau m van 4 kha cc van qua lu lng k 2 v 3
- Bc 4: iu chnh ng m van ph hp vi trng hp chy xui chiu
- Bc 5: i nc trong thng nng TN t n nhit thch hp th tin hnh trao
i nhit.
- Bc 6: Ghi li cc thng s nhit dng nng, nhit dng lnh, lu lng
dng nng, lu lng dng lnh trong qu trnh trao i nhit.

6.4.3.2. Kho st trng hp ngc chiu thit b

6.4.3.2.1. Cc bc tin hnh th nghim

- Bc 1: M van cho nc vo khong 23 th tch thng nng v thng lnh.

- Bc 2: M cng tc tng cp ngun cho t in, m cng tc in tr v ci t
nhit cho thng nng 80.
- Bc 3: iu chnh lu lng dng nng (trnh iu chnh nhit cao s lm h
lu lng k), sau m van 4 kha cc van qua lu lng k 2 v 3
- Bc 4: iu chnh ng m van ph hp vi trng hp chy ngc chiu.
- Bc 5: i nc trong thng nng TN t n nhit thch hp th tin hnh trao
i nhit.
- Bc 6: Ghi li cc thng s nhit dng nng, nhit dng lnh, lu lng
dng nng, lu lng dng lnh trong qu trnh trao i nhit.
11
6.4.3.3. Kt thc th nghim

- Tt bm nng v bm lnh
- Tt cng tc in tr
- Tt cng tc tng
- Tt cu dao ngun
- X nc trong cc thng
- Kha van nc ngun cp
- V sinh my v khu vc my

6.5. KT QU V BN LUN [3]

6.5.1. Kt qu

6.5.1.1. Kho st trng hp xui chiu thit b

Bng 6-2: kt qu kho st thc nghim trng hp chy xui chiu thit b

Th
nghim (LPM) (LPM) (lnh vo) (lnh ra) (nng vo) (nng ra) ( )

1 10 20 32 54 47 69

2 14 20 28 48 42 63
10
3 18 20 26 43 37 58

4 22 20 24 39 34 53

5 10 18 26 41 38 57

6 14 18 24 38 35 53
14
7 18 18 22 35 33 50

8 22 18 21 32 30 47

9 10 18 25 39 37 56
18
10 14 18 23 36 35 53

12
 11 18 18 22 33 32 47

12 22 18 21 31 30 44

13 10 18 26 38 37 55

14 14 18 23 35 33 53
22
15 18 18 21 32 31 47

16 22 18 20 30 29 43

6.5.1.1.1. Tnh ton kt qu kho st

- Tnh ton kt qu kho st c da theo cc cng thc c a ra mc 6.2.1.

C s l thuyt

Bng 6-3: Bng tnh cc kt qu kho st xui chiu thit b

Th

nghim ( ) () ( )

1 31.82 54.55 43.18 7 987.92 51 0.16 4817.75

2 30,00 40.00 35.00 6 990.32 45 0.17 4139.56

3 35,29 35.29 35.29 6 992.31 40 0.17 4147.87

4 33,33 26.67 30.00 5 993.59 37 0.17 3460.99

5 20,00 53.33 36.67 3 992.50 40 0.23 2904.06

6 21,43 42.86 32.14 3 993.59 37 0.23 2907.24

7 15,38 30.77 23.08 2 994.43 34 0.23 1939.81

8 18,18 27.27 22.73 2 995.38 31 0.23 1941.66

9 14,29 50.00 32.14 2 993.05 38 0.30 2490.58

13
 Th

nghim ( ) () ( )

10 7,69 38.46 23.08 1 993.93 36 0.30 1246.39

11 9,09 36.36 22.73 1 994.92 33 0.30 1247.63

12 10,00 30.00 20.00 1 995.53 31 0.30 1248.40

13 8,33 66.67 37.50 1 993.23 38 0.36 1522.30

14 16,67 41.67 29.17 2 994.43 34 0.36 3048.27

15 9,09 27.27 18.18 1 995.23 32 0.36 1525.35

16 10,00 20.00 15.00 1 995.82 30 0.37 1526.27

Bng 6-4: Bng tnh cc kt qu kho st xui chiu thit b

Th
%
nghim ( ) () ( ) ( )

1 31,82 996.78 43.18 7 987.92 51 0.16

2 30,00 997.27 35.00 6 990.32 45 0.17

3 35,29 997.51 35.29 6 992.31 40 0.17

4 33,33 997.73 30.00 5 993.59 37 0.17

5 20,00 997.73 36.67 3 992.50 40 0.23

6 21,43 997.95 32.14 3 993.59 37 0.23

7 15,38 998.15 23.08 2 994.43 34 0.23

8 18,18 998.25 22.73 2 995.38 31 0.23

14
 Th
%
nghim ( ) () ( ) ( )

9 14,29 997.84 32.14 2 993.05 38 0.30

10 7,69 998.05 23.08 1 993.93 36 0.30

11 9,09 998.15 22.73 1 994.92 33 0.30

12 10,00 998.25 20.00 1 995.53 31 0.30

13 8,33 997.73 37.50 1 993.23 38 0.36

14 16,67 998.05 29.17 2 994.43 34 0.36

15 9,09 998.25 18.18 1 995.23 32 0.36

16 10,00 998.34 15.00 1 995.82 30 0.37

Bng 6-5: Bng tnh cc kt qu kho st xui chiu thit b

Th

nghim () () () () ( 2) (2 . )

1 34 15 23.22 931.75 0.76 18400110.34 0.65 4836.40

2 28 14 20.20 934.01 0.72 19424428.88 0.64 4657.92

3 23 11 16.27 935.89 0.73 19361070.38 0.63 4743.76

4 19 10 14.02 937.09 0.75 18854067.95 0.63 4927.36

5 23 12 16.91 1310.50 0.73 27032712.80 0.63 4764.35

6 20 11 15.05 1311.93 0.75 26395695.13 0.63 4927.36

7 17 11 13.78 1313.05 0.77 25646045.75 0.62 5112.59

15
 Th

nghim () () () () ( 2 ) (2 . )

8 14 9 11.32 1314.30 0.80 24553965.90 0.62 5391.59

9 21 12 16.08 1685.86 0.74 34398958.20 0.63 4837.54

10 18 12 14.80 1687.35 0.75 33578463.05 0.63 4996.21

11 15 10 12.33 1689.02 0.78 32299841.18 0.62 5244.45

12 13 9 10.88 1690.07 0.81 31315161.63 0.62 5444.03

13 20 11 15.05 2060.87 0.74 41868418.55 0.63 4865.66

14 17 10 13.19 2063.36 0.77 40300929.03 0.62 5112.59

15 14 10 11.89 2065.01 0.80 38889273.28 0.62 5340.85

16 12 9 10.43 2066.24 0.82 37635686.18 0.62 5554.90

Bng 6-6: Bng tnh cc kt qu kho st xui chiu thit b

Th

nghim ( 2 ) () ( 2) ( 2 )
. .

1 522901.76 21195496.10 95.76 0.88 1632682.75 0.61

2 537304.69 21525769.15 134.12 0.92 2193797.18 0.60

3 540126.70 21402520.33 172.49 0.94 2760624.59 0.59

4 537486.54 21109783.75 210.86 0.96 3300342.40 0.59

5 706760.99 27970066.10 95.85 0.96 1500155.64 0.59

6 703509.59 27630338.98 134.21 0.98 2053093.71 0.59

16
 Th

nghim ( 2 ) () ( 2) ( 2 )
. .

7 698475.64 27258011.92 172.60 1.00 2578975.29 0.58

8 690168.34 26726768.92 210.97 1.02 3114957.52 0.60

9 862668.90 34010721.56 95.86 0.97 1483338.33 0.59

10 857992.07 33611839.16 134.23 0.99 2029488.94 0.59

11 849279.15 33015727.08 172.60 1.00 2578975.29 0.58

12 841916.31 32561113.43 210.97 1.02 3114957.52 0.60

13 1012044.58 39849255.47 95.85 0.96 1500155.64 0.59

14 1002736.86 39131806.13 134.23 0.99 2029488.94 0.58

15 993014.69 38504144.45 172.61 1.02 2548601.60 0.60

16 983807.20 37944213.93 210.99 1.03 3077841.32 0.58

Bng 6-7: Bng tnh cc kt qu kho st xui chiu thit b

Th

2
nghim ( ) ( 2 . ) ( 2 . )

1 6047.59 82912.74 1007472.67 648.11 687,98

2 6377.15 107440.02 1291214.11 640.66 679,55

3 6618.98 131209.50 1552995.63 633.72 845,34

4 6839.27 153504.36 1798457.06 628.16 818,40

5 6756.23 81264.58 963797.88 632.77 569,49

17
 Th

2
nghim ( ) ( 2 . ) ( 2 . )

6 6970.69 105865.63 1245403.32 628.07 640,31

7 7181.68 128692.80 1504676.17 624.13 466,64

8 7108.20 149017.65 1781655.05 619.37 568,89

9 6862.08 81075.11 957659.24 630.37 513,47

10 7067.65 105515.65 1238753.74 626.47 279,27

11 7226.18 129035.08 1499387.60 621.73 335,46

12 7108.20 149017.65 1781655.05 618.57 380,53

13 6811.36 81549.07 959343.31 629.58 335,28

14 7111.26 105795.14 1234417.65 624.07 766,15

15 7108.20 126916.35 1517411.89 620.14 425,43

16 7465.04 150737.04 1737093.61 616.87 485,28

6.5.1.1.2. Tm tt kt qu xui chiu

Bng 6-8: Tm tt kt qu kho st trng hp chy xui chiu

Th

nghim ( 2 . ) ( 2 . )

1 10 648.11 687,98

2 10 14 640.66 679,55

3 18 633.72 845,34

18
 Th

nghim ( 2 . ) ( 2 . )

4 22 628.16 818,40

5 10 632.77 569,49

6 14 628.07 640,31
14
7 18 624.13 466,64

8 22 619.37 568,89

9 10 630.37 513,47

10 14 626.47 279,27
18
11 18 621.73 335,46

12 22 618.57 380,53

13 10 629.58 335,28

14 14 624.07 766,15
22
15 18 620.14 425,43

16 22 616.87 485,28

19
 687.98
700 648.11 640.31
628.07 621.73 616.87
600
485.28
500

400 335.46 K l thuyt

K thc nghim
300

200

100

0
1 2 3 4

Biu 6-1: Biu so snh s tng quan gia v trong trng hp xui chiu
thit b vi =
6.5.1.2. Kho st trng hp ngc chiu thit b

Bng 6-9: kt qu kho st thc nghim trng hp chy ngc chiu thit b

Th
nghim (LPM) (LPM) (lnh vo) (lnh ra) (nng vo) (nng ra) ( )

1 10 18 24 39 36 55

2 14 18 22 36 34 51
10
3 18 17 21 34 31 50

4 22 17 20 32 30 46

5 10 17 24 38 36 55

6 14 17 23 35 34 49
14
7 18 17 21 33 31 46

8 22 17 20 31 30 43

20
 9 10 17 24 37 35 54

10 14 17 22 34 34 50
18
11 18 17 21 32 31 46

12 22 17 20 30 29 44

13 10 17 25 36 35 53

14 14 17 22 33 33 49
22
15 18 17 20 31 31 45

16 22 17 20 30 29 43

6.5.1.2.1. Tnh ton kt qu kho st

- Tnh ton kt qu kho st c da theo cc cng thc c a ra mc 6.2.1.

C s l thuyt

Bng 6-10: : Bng tnh cc kt qu kho st ngc chiu thit b

Th

nghim () () ()

1 20.00 40.00 30.00 3 993.23 38 0.17 2075.86

2 14.29 28.57 21.43 2 994.10 35 0.17 1385.12

3 23.08 30.77 26.92 3 994.92 33 0.17 2079.38

4 16.67 25.00 20.83 2 995.38 31 0.17 1386.90

5 14.29 50.00 32.14 2 993.41 37 0.23 1937.81

6 8.33 50.00 29.17 1 994.27 35 0.23 969.74

7 16.67 33.33 25.00 2 995.07 32 0.23 1941.06

21
 Th

nghim () () ()

8 9.09 27.27 18.18 1 995.53 31 0.23 970.97

9 15.38 53.85 34.62 2 993.76 36 0.30 2492.35

10 0.00 41.67 20.83 0 994.43 34 0.30 0.00

11 9.09 36.36 22.73 1 995.23 32 0.30 1248.02

12 10.00 30.00 20.00 1 995.82 30 0.30 1248.76

13 9.09 72.73 40.91 1 993.93 36 0.36 1523.37

14 0.00 45.45 22.73 0 994.76 33 0.36 0.00

15 0.00 27.27 13.64 0 995.38 31 0.36 0.00

16 10.00 30.00 20.00 1 995.82 30 0.37 1526.27

Bng 6-11: : Bng tnh cc kt qu kho st ngc chiu thit b

Th
%
nghim () () () ()

1 6 997.95 21 0.17 4181.39 -2105.53 201.43

2 4 998.15 20 0.23 3903.43 -2518.31 281.81

3 4 998.34 19 0.30 5019.67 -2940.30 241.40

4 3 998.44 19 0.37 4601.80 -3214.90 331.81

5 7 998.05 21 0.17 4878.79 -2940.98 251.77

6 6 998.15 20 0.23 5855.14 -4885.40 603.78

7 4 998.34 19 0.30 5019.67 -3078.61 258.61

22
 Th
%
nghim () () () ()

8 3 998.44 19 0.37 4601.80 -3630.82 473.94

9 7 998.05 21 0.17 4878.79 -2386.44 195.75

10 5 998.25 20 0.23 4879.77 -4879.77 -

11 4 998.34 19 0.30 5019.67 -3771.66 402.21

12 3 998.44 19 0.37 4601.80 -3353.03 368.51

13 8 997.95 21 0.17 5575.19 -4051.82 365.98

14 5 998.25 20 0.23 4879.77 -4879.77 -

15 3 998.44 19 0.30 3765.11 -3765.11 -

16 3 998.44 19 0.37 4601.80 -3075.53 301.51

Bng 6-12: : Bng tnh cc kt qu kho st ngc chiu thit b

Th

nghim () () () ( 2) ( 2 )
.

1 18 15 16.45 936.76 0.74 19031099.34 0.63 4865.66

2 16 14 14.98 937.58 0.76 18547338.62 0.63 5033.26

3 14 13 13.49 938.35 0.78 17944356.21 0.62 5244.45

4 13 12 12.49 938.78 0.80 17538547.07 0.62 5391.59

5 19 14 16.37 1311.70 0.74 26523722.91 0.63 4895.61

6 17 12 14.36 1312.83 0.76 25809304.94 0.63 5072.06

23
 Th

nghim () () () ( 2) ( 2 )
.

7 14 12 12.97 1313.89 0.79 24937199.92 0.62 5291.80

8 13 11 11.97 1314.50 0.81 24356236.82 0.62 5444.03

9 18 13 15.36 1687.06 0.75 33762665.86 0.63 4960.90

10 17 12 14.36 1688.20 0.77 32973487.39 0.62 5112.59

11 14 11 12.44 1689.55 0.80 31818496.32 0.62 5340.85

12 12 10 10.97 1690.56 0.82 30792834.15 0.62 5554.90

13 18 11 14.21 2062.32 0.75 41040343.73 0.63 4996.21

14 16 11 13.34 2064.03 0.78 39760435.54 0.62 5198.79

15 14 11 12.44 2065.32 0.80 38584803.56 0.62 5391.59

16 12 10 10.97 2066.24 0.82 37635686.18 0.62 5554.90

Bng 6-13: : Bng tnh cc kt qu kho st ngc chiu thit b

Th

nghim ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 )
. .

1 538593.99 21207138.22 95.87 0.98 1466495.51 0.59

2 535352.68 20945673.41 134.24 1.00 2005869.67 0.58

3 530679.68 20630172.61 172.63 1.03 2518233.81 0.60

4 527293.73 20419449.54 211.01 1.04 3040746.18 0.60

5 704277.56 27695714.96 95.88 0.99 1449634.96 0.59

24
 Th

nghim ( 2 ) ( 2) ( 2 )
. .

6 699632.16 27338126.59 134.24 1.00 2005869.67 0.58

7 693181.52 26912772.33 172.63 1.03 2518233.81 0.58

8 688578.33 26630766.80 211.01 1.04 3040746.18 0.60

9 859131.55 33699435.21 95.88 0.99 1449634.96 0.59

10 854017.64 33328038.37 134.25 1.02 1982245.69 0.60

11 845737.39 32793467.28 172.63 1.03 2518233.81 0.58

12 837895.50 32316581.91 211.01 1.04 3040746.18 0.60

13 1007403.40 39465028.18 95.87 0.98 1466495.51 0.59

14 999121.18 38890792.09 134.25 1.02 1982245.69 0.60

15 990810.84 38369149.70 172.65 1.04 2487883.24 0.60

16 983807.20 37944213.93 211.01 1.04 3040746.18 0.60

Bng 6-14: Bng tnh cc kt qu kho st ngc chiu thit b

Th

2
nghim ( ) ( 2 . ) ( 2 . )

1 6970.69 80882.13 951497.36 629.56 418,30

2 7181.68 105254.01 1230629.91 625.66 306,63

3 7195.30 126365.14 1510821.64 621.73 510,94

4 7313.81 147973.93 1762073.52 619.36 368,07

25
 Th

2
nghim ( ) ( 2 . ) ( 2 . )

5 7067.65 80614.74 946417.04 628.77 392,42

6 7181.68 105254.01 1230629.91 624.87 223,98

7 7465.04 128380.73 1479459.50 620.92 496,05

8 7313.81 147973.93 1762073.52 618.57 268,91

9 7067.65 80614.74 946417.04 627.17 537,84

10 7108.20 103801.11 1241046.08 624.07 0,00

11 7465.04 128380.73 1479459.50 620.13 332,64

12 7313.81 147973.93 1762073.52 616.87 377,45

13 6970.69 80882.13 951497.36 626.38 355,35

14 7108.20 103801.11 1241046.08 622.48 0,00

15 7313.81 126027.42 1500734.56 619.33 0,00

16 7313.81 147973.93 1762073.52 616.87 461,32

6.5.1.2.2. Tm tt kt qu xui chiu

Bng 6-15: Tm tt kt qu kho st trng hp chy ngc chiu thit b

Th nghim
( 2 . ) ( 2 . )

1 10 629.56 418,30

2 10 14 625.66 306,63

3 18 621.73 510,94

26

Th nghim
( 2 . ) ( 2 . )

4 22 619.36 368,07

5 10 628.77 392,42

6 14 624.87 223,98
14
7 18 620.92 496,05

8 22 618.57 268,91

9 10 627.17 537,84

10 14 624.07 0,00
18
11 18 620.13 332,64

12 22 616.87 377,45

13 10 626.38 355,35

14 14 622.48 0,00
22
15 18 619.33 0,00

16 22 616.87 461,32

27
 700 629.56 620.92 620.13 616.87
600
496.05
500 461.32
418.3
400 332.64

300

200

100

0
1 2 3 4

K thc nghim K l thuyt

Biu 6-2: Biu so snh s tng quan gia v trong trng hp ngc
chiu thit b vi =
6.5.1.3. Bn lun

Sau qu trnh thc nghim v x l kt qu sau thc nghim th ta thy c s chnh

lch gia h s truyn nhit l thuyt cao hn so vi thc t. iu ny c d on bng
mt s nguyn nhn sau :

- Do thit b h hng dn n sai s

- Do kt cu thit b sau thi gian s dng b g st lm gim kh nng trao i nhit
- Do sai st v k thut trong qu trnh thc nghim.
- S tht thot nhit ra mi trng ngoi.

Trong qu trnh thc hin qu trnh truyn nhit th thit b truyn nhit phi c
in y nc c trng hp xui chiu v ngc chiu m bo qu trnh truyn
nhit xy ra ng u l truyn nhit gia nc nc qua tng chn inox

Da vo h s truyn nhit ta c th nh gi c cc yu t nh hiu sut qu trnh

truyn nhit, so snh c hiu qu ca cc trng hp xui chiu v ngc chiu

S thay i lu lng dng nng v dng lnh cha thc s r rt ta c th so snh

h s truyn nhit gia cc trng hp dng chy khc nhau. V vy hy kho st trc

28
 khi thc nghim ta c th a ra d liu cho qu trnh v kho st c tt c trng
hp ca n.

6.6. KT LUN

Qua qu lm thc nghim v kt qu ca bi bo co ta thy c s nh hng ca

ch chy n hiu sut truyn nhit ca thit b t a ra cho mnh s la chn thit
b cho cc trng hp cn thit. ng thi em c c hi tip xc vi mt s thit b
mi, c vn dng nhng kin thc mnh hc v tch ly vo trong thc t, cng nh
o c cc thng s cn thit trnh c s thiu st trong cng vic sau ny

6.7. TNH MU

Gi s ta tnh mu trng hp xui chiu:

- Nhit lng do dng nng ta ra:

= . . = 0,1655 . 4190 . 3 = 2075,86

- Nhit lng do dng lnh thu vo:

= . . = 0,1663 . 4190 . 6 = 4181,39

- Nhit lng tn tht:

= = 2075,86 4181,39 = 2105,53

- Hiu sut nhit trong cc qu trnh truyn nhit ca dng nng v dng lnh ln
lt:
39 36
= . 100% = . 100% = 20%
39 24
24 18
= . 100 = . 100% = 40%
39 24

- Hiu sut nhit hu ch ca qu trnh truyn nhit:

+ 20 + 40
= = = 30%
2 2
- Hiu sut ca qu trnh truyn nhit:
4181,39
= 100 = . 100% = 201%
2075,86

- Xc nh h s truyn nhit thc nghim:

29
 2075,86
= = = 223,98( 2 )
. 0,3016 . 16,45 .

- Ty theo cch b tr m ta c phng php xc nh hiu s nhit hu ch logarit

khc nhau:

(36 18) (39 24)

= = 16,45 ()
(36 18)

(39 24)

Tnh mu trng hp xui chiu th nghim 1

- Xc nh (m/s):
4 0,1655 . 4
= 2
= = 936.76 ()
3.14 3,14 . 0.0152
- Xc nh (m/s):
4 0,1663 . 4
= = = 95,87()
3.14 2 3,14 . 0,0472
- Xc nh reynold dng nng:
936,7 6 . 0,015
= = = 19031099,34
74 106

- Xc nh reynold dng lnh:

95,87 . 0,015
= = = 1466495.51
98. 106

- Xc nh Nuselt dng nng:

0.8 0.43
0.25
= 0.021 ( ) = 0.021 19031099,340.8 2,980.43 1

= 538593.99

- Xc nh Nuselt dng lnh:

0.8 0.43
0.25
= 0,21 ( ) 0.021 1466495.510.8 2,980.43 1

= 80882,13

- Xc nh h s cp nhit dng nng:

63 102 538593.99
= = = 21207138,22(. )
0.015

30
- Xc nh h s cp nhit dng lnh:

59 102 80882,13
= = = 951497,36((. )
0.047

- Xc nh h s truyn nhit theo l thuyt:

1 1
= = = 629,56 (2 . )
1 1 1 0.001 1
+ + + +
21207138.22 0,63 951497,36

31
 TI LIU THAM KHO

[1] P. X. Ton, Qu trnh thit b trong cng ngh ha cht v thc phm, Tp 3: Qu trnh
v thit b truyn nhit, NXB Khoa hc k thut, 2008.

[2] Ti liu hng dn thc hnh cc qu trnh & thit b trong cng ngh ha hc, Khoa
cng ngh ha hc Trng i hc cng nghip TP.HCM, 2017.

[3] Tp th tc gi, Bng tra cu qu trnh c hc truyn nhit - truyn khi: Qu trnh v
thit b trong cng ngh ha hc v thc phm, NXB H Quc Gia TP.H Ch Minh,
2012.

i
 PH LC

Cc bng s dng trong bo co

Bng 6-1: Bng kch thc ng xon .............................................................................. 11

Bng 6-2: kt qu kho st thc nghim trng hp chy xui chiu thit b................ 12

Bng 6-3: Bng tnh cc kt qu kho st xui chiu thit b ......................................... 13

Bng 6-4: Bng tnh cc kt qu kho st xui chiu thit b ......................................... 14

Bng 6-5: Bng tnh cc kt qu kho st xui chiu thit b ......................................... 15

Bng 6-6: Bng tnh cc kt qu kho st xui chiu thit b ......................................... 16

Bng 6-7: Bng tnh cc kt qu kho st xui chiu thit b ......................................... 17

Bng 6-8: Tm tt kt qu kho st trng hp chy xui chiu ................................... 18

Bng 6-9: kt qu kho st thc nghim trng hp chy ngc chiu thit b ............ 20

Bng 6-10: : Bng tnh cc kt qu kho st ngc chiu thit b ................................. 21

Bng 6-11: : Bng tnh cc kt qu kho st ngc chiu thit b ................................. 22

Bng 6-12: : Bng tnh cc kt qu kho st ngc chiu thit b ................................. 23

Bng 6-13: : Bng tnh cc kt qu kho st ngc chiu thit b ................................. 24

Bng 6-14: Bng tnh cc kt qu kho st ngc chiu thit b .................................... 25

Bng 6-15: Tm tt kt qu kho st trng hp chy ngc chiu thit b .................. 26

Cc biu s dng trong bo co

Biu 6-1: Biu so snh s tng quan gia v trong trng hp xui chiu
thit b vi = ......................................................................................................... 20

Biu 6-2: Biu so snh s tng quan gia v trong trng hp ngc
chiu thit b vi = ............................................................................................... 28

Cc hnh c s dng trong bo co

Hnh 6-1: c trng thay i nhit khi chy ngc chiu ........................................... 4

Hnh 6-2: c trng thay i nhit khi chy xui chiu .............................................. 5

Hnh 6-3: S h thng th nghim truyn nhit loi ng xon ..................................... 7

ii
Hnh 6-4: S t in...................................................................................................... 8

iii