8/18/2015 Rain Alarm Project | Rain Water Detector Circuit Applications

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Rain Alarm Project

OCTOBER 8, 2013 BY ADMINISTRATOR 7 COMMENTS

Contents [hide]

0.1 Rain Alarm Project Block Diagram:

1 Rain Alarm Project Circuit Diagram:
1.1 Circuit Explanation:
2 Rain Alarm Project Circuit Applications:

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8/18/2015 Rain Alarm Project | Rain Water Detector Circuit Applications

Water is basic need in every ones life. Saving and proper usage of water is very important.
Here is an easy project which will give the alarm when there is rain, so that we can make some
actions and save the rain water. As a result, we can increase the water levels of underground
water by using underwater recharge technique. Rain water detector will detect the rain and
make an alert; rain water detector is used in the irrigation field, home automation,
communication, automobiles etc. Here is the simple and reliable circuit of rain water detector
which can be constructed at low cost.

Rain Alarm Project Block Diagram:

Rain water sensor is the main component in the circuit. For this rain sensor, no need to go and
buy in the market or online. We can do it ourselves just by taking the piece of Bakelite or mica
board and aluminum wire. Bakelite or mica board should be made completely flat and
aluminum wire should be pasted on the flat board as shown in the figure below of rain water
sensor. Care should be taken that there should be no spaces between the wire and board.
When the rain water sensor is completed, it should get connected to the circuit and voltage
should be passed through the wires.

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Rain water sensor diagram is shown below:

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If there is no rain, the resistance between the wires will be very high and there will be no
conduction between the wires in the sensor. If there is rain, the water drops will fall on the rain
sensor which will also decrease the resistance between the wires and wires on the sensor
board will conduct and trigger the NE555 timer through the transistors circuitry. Once NE555
is triggered, it will make the output pin high and which will make the buzzer to make alarm.

Rain Alarm Project Circuit Diagram:

Rain water detector alarm circuit is shown below.

Circuit Explanation:
The points A and B of the circuit are connected to the points A and B of the rain sensor
respectively. When rain is falling, the rain water will fall on the rain sensor which has
aluminum wires on mica or Bakelite sheet. Due to the water on sensor, the aluminum wire
w develops resistance and gets conducted because of battery connector, the sensor
and also to the circuit.
When the aluminum wires are connected, the transistor Q1will get turned on and make

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8/18/2015 Rain Alarm Project | Rain Water Detector Circuit Applications

LED to glow and also Q2 will also be turned ON. When the Q2 is saturated, the capacitor
C1 will be shorted and make the transistor Q3 to be turned ON. C1 will get charged by the
resistor R4. The reset pin of 555timer which is connected to the emitter of Q3 will be
made positive when Q3 reaches to the saturation mode.
The 555 timer is configured in astable mode. When the reset pin of the 555 timer is made
positive because of saturation mode of Q3, it will generate the pulse at the pin 3 and
make speaker to ring alarm. Capacitor is connected in between the pin 3 of 555 timer and
speaker because to block the DC signal and allow only the variations in the signal which
make the speaker to make sound. The diode D2 will not allow any reverse current from
the timer.
Because of the resistor R4 and capacitor C1, Q3 will get in cut-off after sometime and
make the reset pin of 555timer in negative and speaker will stops making sound. The time
for 555timer to make speaker sound depends on the values of C1 and R4.
When there is no rain, the aluminum wire of the sensor will not have any resistance or
conduction cannot trigger the circuit.

Note:

Rain senor should be kept in the open place at 30 to 40 degrees from the ground. As a
result, rain water will not present on the sensor for long time.
This circuit will automatically switch of the alarm after sometime and LED will glow
continuously until the rain stops.

Rain Alarm Project Circuit Applications:

1. In the irrigation, it will detect the rain and immediately alert the farmer.
2. In automobiles, when the rain detector detects the rain it will immediately active the
wipers and inform to the driver.
3. In communications, it will boost the power of the antenna and increase the signal strength
to send or receive the signals.
4. In normal house hold, with the help of rain water detector we can automatically save the
rain water. (This can be done only when home automation is done and equipment to save
the rain water. In this, rain water detector will detect the rain and helps to switch ON the
equipment which will automatically save rain water for different purposes).
5. This can also be used if there is a chemical rain also. This is very common in industrial
areas.

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FILED UNDER: ELECTRONICS, FREE PROJECT CIRCUITS, MINI PROJECTS

Comments

Ral Eduardo Bravo says

OCTOBER 28, 2013 AT 12:29 AM

Useful!

Reply

Anurag says
OCTOBER 31, 2013 AT 7:21 AM

how can we calculate the current from the sensor like what is the resistance of the sensor.
Because we need to know the resistance in order to set the bias for transistor. How did you
do that, can you tell me?

Reply

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8/18/2015 Rain Alarm Project | Rain Water Detector Circuit Applications

d anil kumar says

OCTOBER 31, 2013 AT 10:35 AM

to know the unknown resistance of a sensor simply keep the two terminals in a
multimeter device and keep the device in resistance mode. automatically with in a
fraction of seconds you can found the unknown resistance of the sensor you are
using in your project

Reply

d anil kumar says

OCTOBER 31, 2013 AT 10:37 AM

you can use digital multimeter to found the unknown resistance of a electronic device..

Reply

Bugx Raja says

NOVEMBER 28, 2013 AT 3:58 PM

What should be the Voltage that we need to pass through the wires?

Reply

ponraj says
JUNE 28, 2014 AT 6:41 AM

useful

Reply

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sangeetha says
JULY 14, 2014 AT 1:39 PM

THANK YOU..

Reply

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