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    Nickel-base alloys are often preferred precisely because of their resistance to stress-corrosion cracking, SCc. There are media in more specialised applications which require careful choice of nickel alloys and the condition in which they are used. Stress corrosion cracking can arise in a multiplicity of applications in sensitive materials such as austenitic stainless steels.

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    Nickel-base alloys are often preferred precisely because of their resistance to stress-corrosion cracking, SCc. There are media in more specialised applications which require careful choice of nickel alloys and the condition in which they are used. Stress corrosion cracking can arise in a multiplicity of applications in sensitive materials such as austenitic stainless steels.

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    SCC+of+Nickel+Base+Alloys

    Uploaded by

    dhinesh81
    Nickel-base alloys are often preferred precisely because of their resistance to stress-corrosion cracking, SCc. There are media in more specialised applications which require careful choice of nickel alloys and the condition in which they are used. Stress corrosion cracking can arise in a multiplicity of applications in sensitive materials such as austenitic stainless steels.

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    Stress-corrosion cracking nickel-base alloy weldments Reprint of a presentation to Commission IX International Institute of Welding Annual Assembly, Montreal 1990 . NiD!| NICKEL DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE NiDI Reprint Series N° 14 017 David E. Jordan The material presented in this publication has been prepared for the general information of the reader and should not be used or relied on for specific applications without first securing competent advice. The Nickel Development Institute, its members, staff and consultants do not represent or warrant its suitability for any general or specific use and assume no liability or responsibilty of any kind in connection with the information herein. David E. Jordan is a consultant to the Nickel Development Institute Stress-corrosion cracking of nickel-base alloy weldments David E. Jordan Introduction In the spectrum of corrosion-resisting steels and alloys in which nickel is a significant constituent, from the ‘conventional stainless steels through the high-alloy stainless steels o the nickel-base alloys, the nickel-base alloys are often preferred precisely because of their resistance to stress-corrosion cracking, SCC. Therefore it is not ‘surprising that a review of the literature, carried out as part of a series® compiled on behalf of Sub-Commission IXHof the International Institute of Welding, does not reveal such a wealth of work on this corrosion phenomenon as for the austenitic stainless steels and duplex ferritic/austenitic steels. ‘While several authors (for example, reference 3) and some national standards (for example, reference 4) have defined nickel-base alloys as those in which nickel is present in greater proportion than any other element, other definitions, such as the Unified Numbering System, UNS, classification, have been wider and included lower- nickel alloys which might otherwise be regarded as high alloy austenitic steels. For the purpose of this paper, the former definition has been followed, with the extension of Friend! to include iron-base alloys containing 30% nickel or more (see Table N). ‘Apart from chloride SCC, which can arise in a multiplicity of applications in sensitive materials such as austenitic stainless steels, there are media in more specialised applications which require careful choice of nickel loys and the condition in which they are used. ‘These include hydrofluoric and polythionic acids, caustic soda, nd molten metals. Furthermore, considerable attention has been paid in the lat 20 years to the phenomenon of intergranular stress-corrosion cracking, IGSCC, in nickel-chromium alloys in boiling water reactors and its alleviation. Data on unwelded materials have been included in this review, since their performance under stress is related to the characteristics of welded joints Table | Principal alloying element contents of nickel alloys. Alloy C cr Fe cu Mo Nb T Ni Other 1No2200 0.08 max. Noseos 0.02 a bal 2 45 2% NoBgOD 0.1 max. 22 bal 33 NoBs25 0.03max 22 30 2 3 2 NOB600 0.1Smax 16 9 % ‘No8690 30 9 60 ‘00M 0.01 16 8 2 7 002 ‘Nooo? 2 20 2 65 2 ro ‘Nowe25 2 5 8 35 6 NoB455 6 3 16 at 10002 0.08 16 5 16 54 wy ‘Noto 18 at 6 Welding filer materials Mn ENICiFes 0.05 15 75 175 175 04 @ ERNCrs 0.02 2 10 30 25 05 i Effects of Welding Thermal cycling during welding can result in similar ‘microstructural changes in nickel alloys to those in stainless steels, resulting in precipitation, not only of carbides, but also of intermetallic phases. While intergranular attack is less common in nickel alloys than in stainless steels, this type of corrosion is of importance in some aggressive environments and development of alloys like the now obsolete Ni-Cr-Mo alloy, N10002, in which IGSCC could occur in heat-affected zones from Ni-Mo compounds precipitated at grain bounda- ries’, has followed the path of carbon reduction and addition of stabilising elements, ogether with modification of alloying additions’. This route has been followed in developments to counter boiling water reactor problems, While residual stresses do not appear to affect the general corrosion resistance of nickel-base alloys’, they are clearly significant in the propagation of stress-corrosion cracks and ‘welding provides both localised stresses from thermal cycling and restraint and stress concentrations from joint design and finish, Indications from stress-corrosion tests on plain speci- ‘mens may therefore give some guide to the performance of welds, Major uses for nickel-base alloy filler materials are in the welding of dissimilar metals and as claddings to provide protection to structures of relatively low corrosion resistance. Such applications can result in highly stressed joints or

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