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2-Types and Functions of Geosynthetics PDF
2-Types and Functions of Geosynthetics PDF
Dr.G.Venkatappa Rao
Geosynthetics
• Construction Material – compare
with cement & steel
• Is a Technology - Engineering with
Geosynthetics
• Process of development
• Technology groups involved –
Polymer,
Textile
Civil
27 July 2016 Geosynthetics - Introduction G V RAO 2
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Historical - Roads
• Use of coconut leaf mattresses in Kerala in
road construction
• Dragging a bogged down vehicle using leaves,
brushes etc
• Cordruoy roads using tree trunks packed next
to one another and levelling with gravel for
traffic in forest areas
• Natural erosion control by vegetation –
turfing, trees etc
Geosynthetics
• Modern civil engineering construction
materials
• Modify/Improve soil/geologic material
behaviour
• Developed/Synthesized for specific function
or application in construction
• More than 1billion sq m annual use
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GEOSYNTHETICS
• They generally replace scarce raw material
resources like steel/cement/aggregates
• They are good alternatives to conventional
designs
• They are, sometimes, the only means of
construction
• They can be rapidly installed
• They can revitalise textile industries ???
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Geotextile
A planar, permeable, polymeric (synthetic or
natural) textile material, which may be nonwoven,
knitted or woven, used in contact with soil/rock
and/or any other geotechnical material in civil
engineering applications.
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Flat Loom
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Woven geotextile
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Non-woven Geotextile
27 July 2016 A
Geosynthetics - Introduction G V RAO 36
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B
27 July 2016 Geosynthetics - Introduction G V RAO 37
C
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Geogrids
A planar, polymeric structure consisting of a
regular open network of integrally connected
tensile elements, which may be linked by
extrusion, bonding or interlacing, whose
openings are larger than the constituents,
used in contact with soil/rock and/or any
other geotechnical material in civil
engineering applications.
Geogrid Manufacture
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Uniaxial Geogrid
Uniaxial Geogrid
Geogrid Biaxial
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Extruded Geogrids
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Geonet
• A planar, polymeric structure consisting of a
regular DENSE network, whose constituent
elements are linked by knots or extrusions and
whose openings are much larger than the
constituents, used in contact with soil rock
and /or any other geotechnical material in civil
engineering applications (IGS)
Geonet
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Geomembrane
Geomembrane
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Geocomposites
Manufacture of GCLsCont’d
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Geomat
A three-dimensional, permeable, polymeric
structure, made of bonded filaments, used to
reinforce roots of grass and small plants and
extend the erosion control limits of vegetation
for permanent erosion control applications.
Geosynthetics – composition
• Polypropylene
• HDPE
• Polyester
• PVC
• Synthetic Rubber
• Natural fibres – Jute, coir
Geosynthetics - Introduction
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G V RAO
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COIR GEOTEXTILES
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Rolls of RECBs
• Separation
• Drainage
• Filteration
• Reinforcement
• Moisture barrier
• Cushion
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What is Separation?
Definition
Separation function
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Separation Applications
Typical Application of Geosynthetics as
Separators
• At sub-grade/sub-base
interfaces in temporary and
permanent roads
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Drainage function
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REINFORCEMENT FUNCTION
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Geostrip
Reinforcement function
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BS 8006 1995
The Designed
Section
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segmental
facing units
shear key or
mechanical
connector
geosynthetic
reinforcement
layer reinforced soil
geotextile
wrapped drain
retained soil
granular
levelling pad
foundation soil
Geosynthetics - Introduction GV
27 July 2016 RAO 92
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800
Gravity
700
Walls
600
400
MSE (Metals)
300
200 MSE
(Geosynthetics)
100
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Height of wall (m)
Koerner
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2016al. 1998 Geosynthetics - Introduction G V RAO 98
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Geosynthetic materials
10.4m
Stiff uniaxial
geogrid 40
and 55 kN/m
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soil reinforcement
needed !
Geosynthetics - Introduction GV
27 July 2016 RAO 103
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Ballast
Sub-base
geogrid
sub soil
Geosynthetics - Introduction GV
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Waterproofing of Dams
Waterproofing of Canals
Reservoir Liners/Floating Covers
Tunnel Waterproofing &
Rehabilitation
Pipe Rehabilitation & Remediation
Geosynthetics - Introduction GV
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Waterproofing of Dams
(Lining a
Concrete Dam)
Geosynthetics - Introduction
(Completed Concrete Dam Lining) G Earth
(Lined V Dam: Before Rip-Rap)
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LINING SYSTEMS
Canal and Pond Lining
Tr
Tr
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Summary
Geosynthetics are bona fide engineering
materials - MORTH, IRC
Test methods and designs are available –
BIS, ASTM, BS
Basic advantage is quality control of factory
manufactured products
Construction Quality by rigorous CQC/CQA
Field performance has been excellent
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A presentation by
Sai Master
Geoenvironmental Services
Private Limited
THANK YOU
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