SYNTHESIS OF

TETRAMETHYLAMM
ONIUM
PENTAIODIDE

#Wenika #Kamolchanok #Thaya #Nathawadee #Arjaree #Monrada

SYNTHESIS OF TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM PENTAIODIDE

Abstract
FOR THE OVERALL, INTRODUCTION BRIEFLY DISCUSSED ABOUT
DEFINING CRYSTALLIZATION AND IT’S PROCESS, ALSO WHAT
INFORMATION WE NEED TO KNOW BEFORE DOING THE
EXPERIMENT. THE REST OF THE REPORT  ARE EXPERIMENT
MATERIALS, RESULTS, DISCUSSION, CONCLUSION, SUGGESTIONS,
REFERENCES AND WORKLOG.
THE DIRECTION AND INFORMATION WERE PROVIDED IN THIS
REPORT, EVEN EVERYONE SHOULD HAVE DONE THEIR OWN
FLOWCHART ALREADY. THE INFORMATION ARE MAINLY ABOUT
PROCESS TO MAKE CRYSTALS, ALSO ABOUT THE COMPOUND
CHEMICAL STRUCTURES AND STUFF.
FOR BRIEF SUMMARIES OF PROCEDURES, FIRST WE BREAK UP
THE TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM IODIDE. THEN ADD IODINE AND
ETHANOL INTO THE CONTAINER, HEAT IT, THEN SET IT TO ROOM
TEMPERATURE AND WAIT FOR THE CRYSTAL TO FORM. LASTLY WE
COLLECT THE CRYSTALS AND WEIGHT IT.
TO CONCLUDE, EVERYONE SHOULDN’T FORGET THE SAFETY
MATERIALS SUCH AS GOGGLES, GLOVES, LAB COAT AND DON’T
FORGET TO WEAR CLOSED TOE SHOES TOO!
SYNTHESIS OF TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM PENTAIODIDE

Introduction
CRYSTALLIZATION IS THE PROCESS WHICH SOLID ARE FORM. IT
PLAYS AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN INDUSTRY AND ECONOMY. IT CAN
BE USE IN JEWELRY, DIAMONDS, AND RUBIES TO BECOME
CUTTING TOOLS, LASERS, AND ACCESSORIES.

AS CHEMICAL REACTIONS ARE ALWAYS OCCURRING AROUND US,

AND CHEMICAL REACTION WILL CARRY OUT CHEMICAL CHANGE
SUCH AS SHAPE CHANGE, STATE CHANGE, GAS RELEASE, NEW
SUBSTANCES, AND COLOR RELEASE. SOMETIMES WHEN MULTIPLE
PRODUCTS ARE FORMED THE CHEMIST MAY WANT TO SEPARATE
ONE COMPOUND FROM THE OTHERS, THIS CAN BE DONE BY THE
PROCESS CALLED RECRYSTALLIZATION, WHERE A SOLUTION OF
COMPOUNDS CAN BE DISSOLVE IN HOT WATER AND THEN COOLED.

AS IT COOLS, ONE SUBSTANCE CRYSTALIZE (BECOME CRYSTALS),

AND CAN BE REMOVED FROM THE REST OF THE LIQUID, WHICH
HOLDS THE OTHER COMPOUND (BUDDIES AND BUDDIES, 2017) [1].
HOWEVER, THE RESULTING CRYSTAL DEPENDS LARGELY ON MANY
FACTORS SUCH AS TEMPERATURE, AIR PRESSURE, AND TIME OF
EVAPORATION. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS EXPERIMENT IS TO LEARN
CHEMICAL REACTION DURING THE PROCESS OF CRYSTALLIZATION
AND ALSO LEARN TO APPLY CHEMICAL EQUATION FOR THIS LAB
AND CALCULATE THE LIMITING REAGENT, EXCESS REAGENT, AND
PERCENT YIELD.
SYNTHESIS OF TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM PENTAIODIDE

Introduction
AS WE DID THIS EXPERIMENT WE NEED TO BE ABLE TO CLASSIFY
THE PROPERTY OF THE ELEMENT SUCH AS ISOTOPES, MELTING
POINT, BOILING POINT, ATOMIC MASS, AND ATOMIC NUMBER.
FIRSTLY, WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT MASS RELATIONSHIP. ATOMIC
MASS OR ATOMIC WEIGHT IS THE MASS OF ATOM IN ATOMIC MASS
UNIT SUCH AS C12 HAS MASS 12 AMU. MOLE(MOL) IS THE AMOUNT
OF SUBSTANCE THAT CONTAINS AS MANY AS ELEMENTARY
ENTITIES AND MOLAR MASS IS THE MASS OF 1 MOL OF UNIT OF
SUBSTANCES. IN ADDITION, MOLECULAR MASS OR MOLECULAR
WEIGHT IS THE SUM OF ATOMIC MASS AS WE CAN MOLE FROM THE
FORMULA BELOW.

AS WE DID THIS EXPERIMENT WE NEED TO BE ABLE TO CLASSIFY

THE PROPERTY OF THE ELEMENT SUCH AS ISOTOPES, MELTING
POINT, BOILING POINT, ATOMIC MASS, AND ATOMIC NUMBER.
FIRSTLY, WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT MASS RELATIONSHIP. ATOMIC
MASS OR ATOMIC WEIGHT IS THE MASS OF ATOM IN ATOMIC MASS
UNIT SUCH AS C12 HAS MASS 12 AMU. MOLE(MOL) IS THE AMOUNT
OF SUBSTANCE THAT CONTAINS AS MANY AS ELEMENTARY
ENTITIES AND MOLAR MASS IS THE MASS OF 1 MOL OF UNIT OF
SUBSTANCES. IN ADDITION, MOLECULAR MASS OR MOLECULAR
WEIGHT IS THE SUM OF ATOMIC MASS AS WE CAN MOLE FROM THE
FORMULA BELOW.
SYNTHESIS OF TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM PENTAIODIDE

Introduction
SECONDLY, WE NEED TO KNOW HOW TO BALANCE THE CHEMICAL
EQUATION. HOWEVER, THE AMOUNT OF REACTANT SIDE (LEFT
SIDE) NEED TO BE EQUAL BY THE MASS WITH THE PRODUCT SIDE
(RIGHT SIDE) OF THE EQUATION. ACCORDING TO THE LAW OF
CONSERVATION OF MASS, WHEN A CHEMICAL REACTION OCCURS,
THE MASS OF THE PRODUCTS SHOULD BE EQUAL TO THE MASS OF
THE REACTANTS.

THEREFORE, THE AMOUNT OF THE ATOMS IN EACH ELEMENT DOES

NOT CHANGE IN THE CHEMICAL REACTION. (STUDY.COM, 2017)
[2]. THIRDLY, WE NEED TO BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY WHICH
COMPONENT IS LIMITING REAGENT AND EXCESS REAGENT. IN A
CHEMICAL REACTION, REACTANTS THAT ARE NOT USED UP WHEN
THE REACTION IS FINISHED ARE CALLED EXCESS REAGENTS. THE
REAGENT THAT IS COMPLETELY USED UP OR REACTED IS CALLED
THE LIMITING REAGENT, BECAUSE ITS QUANTITY LIMITS THE
NUMBER OF PRODUCTS FORMED. (CHIEH, 2017) [3].

WE CAN CLASSIFY WHICH COMPONENT IS EXCESS REAGENT OR

LIMITING REAGENT BY COMPARE THE AMOUNT OF MASS IN GRAM
OF THE PRODUCT SIDE, THEN WHICH RESULTS IS LESS THAN
OTHER RESULT, THE RESULT THAT IS LESS IS LIMITING REAGENT
AND THE OTHER RESULT THAT IS MORE IS EXCESS REAGENT.
LASTLY, WE NEED TO CALCULATE THE PERCENT YIELD TO
COMPARE HOW MUCH PRODUCT YOU SHOULD HAVE GOTTEN FROM
RUNNING A REACTION AGAINST HOW MUCH YOU ACTUALLY GOT.
WE CAN GET THE PERCENT YIELD BY CALCULATING FROM THE
FORMULA BELOW.
SYNTHESIS OF TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM PENTAIODIDE

Introduction
ON THIS EXPERIMENT, WE WILL USE THE SUBSTANCES,
TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM (0.5G) AND ADDING WITH IODINE (1.3G)
TO BE THE REACTANT. AS THE CHEMICAL EQUATION IS

BELOW IS THE CHEMICAL STRUCTURE OF THE EQUATION FOR THIS

EXPERIMENT.
SYNTHESIS OF TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM PENTAIODIDE

Experiment
 MATERIALS :

1. TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM IODIDE 
2. IODINE 
3. 95% ETHANOL 
4. HEXANE 

 LABORATORY APPARATUS :

1. 50 ML BEAKER
2. CYLINDER
3. WEIGHING PAPER
4. LAB SPATULA
5. STIRRING ROD
6. HOT PLATE
7. FILTER PAPER
8. WATCHING GLASS
9. ICE BATH
10. FUNNEL
11. ELECTRONIC BALANCE
12. CAPPED VIAL 
SYNTHESIS OF TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM PENTAIODIDE

Experiment
 EXPERIMENTAL METHOD :

  1. ADD 0.5G OF TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM IODIDE TO THE 50 ML

BEAKER, AND USE A STIRRING ROD TO BREAK UP THE CLUMPS OF
TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM IODIDE.

  2. ADD 1.3 G OF IODINE AND 12 ML OF 95% ETHANOL INTO THE

BEAKER.

  3. HEAT THE BEAKER, STIRRING ON A HOT-PLATE IN A FUME

HOOD FOR 10 MINUTES UNTIL TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM IODIDE
HAS DISSOLVED.

  4. HEAT THE SOLUTION AT A LOW TEMPERATURE TO PREVENT

THE FORMATION OF CRYSTAL.

  5. REMOVE THE SOLUTION FROM THE HOT-PLATE AND ALLOW

THE BEAKER TO COOL DOWN WITHOUT DISTURBING IT
(DISTURBING IT CAN CAUSE THE SMALL CRYSTAL TO FORM.)

  6. THE CRYSTALS ARE FORMED.

  7. ONCE AT ROOM TEMPERATURE, PLACING THE BEAKER OF

SOLUTION IN AN ICE BATH FOR 10 MINUTES. DURING THIS TIME,
PREPARE THE APPARATUS FOR SUCTION FILTRATION.
  
  8. USING VACUUM FILTRATION, COLLECT THE CRYSTALS, THEN
WASH THEM WITH HEXANES (5 ML), UNTIL THE FILTRATE
DROPPING FROM THE FUNNEL HAS NO COLOUR.

  9. AIR-DRY THE RESULT AND WEIGH.

  10. HAND IN THE SAMPLE IN A CAPPED VIAL, LABELLED YOUR

NAME, THE NAME OF THE COMPOUND, AND THE DATE.
 
SYNTHESIS OF TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM PENTAIODIDE

Results

 TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM
IODIDE MIX WITH IODINE
HAVE BROWN AND
YELLOW COLOR WITH NO
CRYSTAL
 

TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM
IODIDE AFTER PUT ON ICE
BATH HAVE DARK GREEN AND
YELLOW COLOR WITH NO
CRYSTAL
 
SYNTHESIS OF TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM PENTAIODIDE

Results

TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM
IODIDE AFTER LET IT COOL
DOWN HAVE DARK OLIVE
GREEN AND WHITE COLOR
WITH FLAKE SHAPE
 

HOWEVER, WE DROPPED THE

WATCHING GLASS SO WE
CAN’T MEASURE IT WEIGHT,
WE DECIDED TO ASSUMED THE
WEIGHT  FROM OTHER GROUP
WHICH IS 1.1 G
 
SYNTHESIS OF TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM PENTAIODIDE

Discussion
SYNTHESIS OF TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM PENTAIODIDE

Conclusion

THE PRODUCT FROM THE SYNTHESIS OF TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM

PENTAIODIDE CAME OUT UNFORTUNATELY WAS ALL SPILLED ON
THE FLOOR BUT BEFORE SPILLING I TOOK A LOOK AT IT AND IT
WAS SPARKLING GREEN WITH A LITTLE HINT OF PURPLE. MINE
WAS A FAILURE BECAUSE IT DIDN’T FORM AS CRYSTALS AND
CAME OUT LOOKING LIKE ASHES. I LEARN THAT HOW TO MAKE
CRYSTAL AND ALSO HOW THE CHEMICAL REACTION BETWEEN TWO
ELEMENTS HELP DOING IT. 
 
SYNTHESIS OF TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM PENTAIODIDE

Suggestions
IN THE NEXT LAB, WE WILL BE MORE CAREFUL ABOUT THE TIME
DURING EXPERIMENT BECAUSE WE RAN OUT OF TIME. THE TIME,
WHILE WE DID HEATING AND COOLING THE CHEMICAL IS TOO
SHORT AND IT MIGHT NOT ENOUGH FOR CRYSTAL TO FULLY
FORM. WE WILL BE MORE CAREFUL  WHILE MOVED AND OBSERVED
THE CHEMICAL BECAUSE IN THIS LAB, THE CHEMICAL FELL DOWN
WHEN WE OBSERVED IT. SO, IT MADE OUR LAB FAIL IN THE FINAL
STEP.
 
SYNTHESIS OF TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM PENTAIODIDE

References
[1] BUDDIES, S. AND BUDDIES, S. (2017). SOLUBILITY SCIENCE:
HOW TO GROW THE BEST CRYSTALS. [ONLINE] SCIENTIFIC
AMERICAN. AVAILABLE AT:
HTTPS://WWW.SCIENTIFICAMERICAN.COM/ARTICLE/BRING-
SCIENCE-HOME-CRYSTALS/ [ACCESSED 5 DEC. 2017].

[2]STUDY.COM. (2017). BALANCED CHEMICAL EQUATION:

DEFINITION & EXAMPLES - VIDEO & LESSON TRANSCRIPT |
STUDY.COM. [ONLINE] AVAILABLE AT:
HTTPS://STUDY.COM/ACADEMY/LESSON/BALANCED-CHEMICAL-
EQUATION-DEFINITION-EXAMPLES.HTML [ACCESSED 5 DEC. 2017].

[3]CHIEH, C. (2017). EXCESS AND LIMITING REAGENTS -

CHEMISTRY LIBRETEXTS. [ONLINE] CHEM.LIBRETEXTS.ORG.
AVAILABLE AT:
HTTPS://CHEM.LIBRETEXTS.ORG/CORE/INORGANIC_CHEMISTRY/CH
EMICAL_REACTIONS/STOICHIOMETRY/EXCESS_AND_LIMITING_REA
GENTS [ACCESSED 5 DEC. 2017]. 
SYNTHESIS OF TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM PENTAIODIDE

Worklog

JOSEY DD
  - DISCUSSSION &              - SUGGESTION
    CONCLUSION 
NEW
NONNI   - INTRODUCTION
  - ABSTRACT &                 
    REARRANGE

YOKE
  - EXPERIMENT

FERN
  - RESULT