Angle Bisector

An angle bisector is a ray that divides an angle into two equal angles.

Example:

The blue ray on the right is the angle bisector of the angle on the left.

The red ray on the right is the angle bisector of the angle on the left.

Perpendicular Lines

Two lines that meet at a right angle are perpendicular.

Alternate Exterior Angles

Definition of Alternate Exterior Angles

 When two lines are cut by another line (transversal), the pairs of angles formed
outside the two lines and on the opposite of the transversal are called Alternate
Exterior Angles.

More about Alternate Exterior Angles

 If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, the alternate exterior angles are
congruent.

Example of Alternate Exterior Angles

  AB || CD and EF is the transversal cutting the parallel lines. So, ∠2 and ∠8, ∠1 and
∠7 are the pairs of alternate exterior angles in the figure shown.

Solved Example on Alternate Exterior Angles

PQ and RS are two lines and UT is a transversal of PQ and RS. Which among the following is a
pair of alternate exterior angles?

Choices:
A. ∠4 and ∠5
B. ∠2 and ∠8
C. ∠1 and ∠2
D. ∠1 and ∠8
Correct Answer: D
Solution:
Step 1: When two lines are cut by another line (transversal), the pairs of angles formed outside
the two lines and on the opposite of the transversal are called Alternate Exterior Angles.
Step 2: From the figure, PQ and RS are parallel lines and UT is a transversal passing through the
parallel lines.
Step 3: The pairs of alternate exterior angles are
∠1 and ∠8
∠2 and ∠7
Step 4: Hence, ∠1 and ∠8 are the alternate exterior angles in the given figure.
Exterior Angle
Definition of Exterior Angle

 An Exterior Angle of a polygon is the angle formed when one side is extended
beyond its adjacent sides.
 When two lines are cut by a third line (transversal), then the angles formed outside
the lines are called Exterior Angle.

More about Exterior Angle

 The number of exterior angles in a polygon = The number of sides of the polygon
 The exterior angle is supplemental to the adjoining interior angle.
 The sum of the measures of exterior angles of a convex polygon is 360°.
 Measure of the exterior angle of a triangle is equal to the sum of its two remote
angles.

Examples of Exterior Angle

 ∠1, ∠2, and ∠3 are the exterior angles.

 ∠4, ∠5, ∠6, and ∠7 are the exterior angles.

Solved Example on Exterior Angle