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San (Yi Hyosek) GN
San (Yi Hyosek) GN
유난스럽게도 (YHS 산 1)
Pattern: -게도 even (indeed) so that; also/either so that. Cf. other adverbs in -게도: 유감스럽
게도 unfortunately, regrettably, 불행하게도 sad to say, unfortunately.
Here: Unusually . . .
높은 산등이라 (YHS 산 1)
Pattern: Naked infinitive -이라(서).
Here: Because it was a high mountain ridge . . .
막막은 하나 (YHS 산 1)
Pattern: separable Verbal Noun + 하-. In other words, intransitive/adjectival verbal nouns are
typically not separable from 하-, but in literary contexts can sometimes be separated by
delimiters 은/는, 도 and 만, with meanings similar to the patterns in -기는 하-, -기도
하-, and -기만 하-. Here with 막막하-.
Here: . . . is desolate, but . . .
잘들 자란다. (YHS 산 1)
Pattern: particle (acting) severally. 들 can follow almost any word in a sentence except the final
verb to indicate that the subject, stated or implied, is specifically plural.
Here: [the trees] grow successfully.
어느 때나 푸르고 (YHS 산 1)
Pattern: 어느 NOUN (이)나 any and every NOUN.
Here: . . . evergreen . . .
산 속은 고요하나 (YHS 산 2)
Pattern: -(으)나 does/is but; though it is/does; admittedly . . . but.
Here: It is indeed quiet in the heart of the mountains, but . . .
낙엽 속에 파묻혀 앉아 (YHS 산 2)
Pattern: Naked infinitive 앉아(서) and 파묻혀(서).
Here: The fallen leaves were nestled into the mountain . . .
몸에 함빡 젖어들어 (YHS 산 2)
Pattern: Naked infinitive 젖어들어(서).
Here: . . . overwhelming his entire body . . .
어느 결엔지 (YHS 산 2)
Pattern: oblique question in -(으)ㄴ지 the uncertain fact of being; whether it is, wonder whether (how,
what,. . . )
Here: Before he realized [in which instant it was] . . .
살을 베이면 (YHS 산 2)
Pattern: adversity passive with an accusative (을/를)-marked object suffers the indignity of
being/getting[some possession or body part] . . . -ed.
Here: If one suffers getting their flesh cut at . . .
네 활개에 힘이 뻗쳐 (YHS 산 2)
Pattern: Naked infinitive 뻗쳐(서).
Here: The strength welling up in his limbs, . . .
넘치는 힘을 보낼 곳 없어 (YHS 산 2)
Pattern: Naked infinitive 없어(서).
Here: With no way to expend his brimming energy . . .
Another example:
죽어라고 닦아논 차 (빙하기 28)
The car which I cleaned with all my might . . . (lit.: saying . . . IE!
한 짐을 채워 놓아야 (YHS 산 3
Pattern: Particle: (after vowel), alternant of 이야 only if it be; if (it be), when it comes to; even,
indeed. (Marks a reinforced contingency or prerequisite for a main clause, one or the
other of which is unlikely, unexpected, or anticipated to be difficult or unpleasant). Note
also -어 놓- 1) a. does for later, does in advance, gets it ready before hand. b. does it
and leaves it that way, does it for now. 2) is in a state of being, is left being, remains.
Here: Must pack a full load. . .
한참 쉬인 뒤라 (YHS 산 3)
Pattern: Naked infinitive -(이)라(서). Note also old spelling at 쉬이다 for what is now spelled 쉬다.
Here: Because it was after he had a proper rest . . .
가살스런 첩의 행실 (YHS 산 4)
Pattern: -스런 from -스러운 (-스럽다).
Here: . . . the concubine stuck-up behavior . . .
나뭇잎을 모아 (YHS 산 4)
Pattern: Naked infinitive 모아(서).
Here: . . . gathered the tree leaves . . .
그 속에 푹 파고는 (YHS 산 4)
Pattern: -고는 Placing the 는 after -고 forces the nd [then]... reading of -고, as opposed
to the nd [also]... reading. In other words, it means hen..., ...then; upon doing, but
emphasizing the consequence.
Here: . . . dig deeply into it, and . . .
공교롭게도 (YHS 산 4)
Pattern: -게도 even (indeed) so that; also/either so that. Cf. other adverbs in -게도: 유감스럽
게도 unfortunately, regrettably, 불행하게도 sad to say, unfortunately, 유난스럽게도
unusually.
Here: . . . as luck would have it . . .
화기가 확확 끼쳐 (YHS 산 5)
Pattern: Naked infinitive 끼쳐(서).
Here: The burning flames shuddered with heat. . .
나무 뿌리가 탁탁 튀며 (YHS 산 5)
Pattern: -(으)며 for -(으)면서 while, at the same time, (doing) simultaneously.
Here: The tree roots snapped with a crackle . . .
물론 그것을 얻은 때는 (YHS 산 5)
Pattern: -(으)ㄴ+ 때 the time/occasion when . . . Here on past tense.
Here: Of course, the time when he gained this thing . . .
이미 죽은 후의 고기라 (YHS 산 5)
Pattern: Naked infinitive -(이)라(서) on the pattern -(으)ㄴ후 after.
Here: Since it was already dead meat . . .
걸음을 따라 (YHS 산 6)
Pattern: NOUN(을)따라(서) in accordance with NOUN, in conformity to (with) NOUN,
according to NOUN.
Here: In accordance with his steps . . .
전과 다름없이 (YHS 산 6
Pattern: -와/과 다름(이) 없이 being no different (from...), being the same (as...); being
constant, unchanging.
Here: No different than before . . .
김 영감의 눈을 감쳐 (YHS 산 6
Pattern: Naked infinitive 감쳐(서).
Here: . . . went behind old Kim back, and . . .
아직도 오리무중이라 한다. (YHS 산 7)
Pattern: 오리무중이라 for 오리무중이라[고].
Here: . . . it is said that they are still in utter bewilderment.