Roof column

Column Mi Mj V Axial
AE 58.03 -13.94 14.70 30.58
BF -12.54 -1.93 -4.82 33.17
CG -1.75 -3.59 -1.78 43.05
DH -19.05 -12.24 -10.43 19.19

Second Floor

Column Mi Mj V Axial
EI -7.88 -8.47 -5.45 338.77
FJ 10.22 5.11 5.11 767.10
GK -1.64 -0.82 -0.82 735.10
HL 62.86 28.72 30.53 361.21

First Floor

Column Mi Mj V Axial
IM 45.26 45.26 30.17 751.78
JN 10.22 -1.54 2.89 1569.23
KO 12.57 -0.50 4.02 1506.40
LP 55.97 19.43 25.13 734.96

Ground Floor

Column Mi Mj V Axial
MR 41.70 41.70 27.80 1855.79
NS 1.58 5.64 2.40 2106.94
OT -1.90 12.03 3.38 1219.47
PU -6.57 -12.09 -6.22 964.77

Basement Floor

Column Mi Mj V Axial
RV 1.80 0.90 1.35 1872.20
SW -2.52 -1.26 -1.89 2123.21
TX -0.34 -0.21 -0.27 1243.65
UY -5.68 -2.84 -4.26 976.16

Roof column Design

i. Effective column length
 1
(12) 𝑏ℎ3 1 3003
𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝐴 = = ( ) ∗ 250 ∗ = 93750 𝑚𝑚3
𝐿 12 6000
1
(12) 𝑏ℎ3 1 3003
𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝐴 = = ( ) ∗ 250 ∗ = 93750 𝑚𝑚3
𝐿 12 6000
1
( ) 𝑏ℎ3 1 3003
𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝐵 = 12 = ( ) ∗ 600 ∗ = 225000 𝑚𝑚3
𝐿 12 6000
1
(12) 𝑏ℎ3 1 3003
𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝐵 = = ( ) ∗ 600 ∗ = 225000 𝑚𝑚3
𝐿 12 6000
1
(12) 𝑏ℎ3 1 3004
𝑘𝑐𝐴𝐵 = =( )∗ = 225000 𝑚𝑚3
𝐿 12 3000
∑ 𝑘𝑐𝑜𝑙 225000
𝛼𝐴 = = = 1.2
∑ 𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 2 ∗ 93750
∑ 𝑘𝑐𝑜𝑙 2 ∗ 225000
𝛼𝐵 = = =1
∑ 𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 2 ∗ 225000
(αA + αB ) 1.2 + 1
αm = = = 1.15
2 2
For non-sway frame
𝑙𝑒 𝛼𝑚 + 0.4 1.15 + 0.4
= = = 0.795 ≥ 0.7 , 𝑜𝑘
𝑙 𝛼𝑚 + 0.8 1.15 + 0.8
 𝑙𝑒 = 0.795 ∗ 3 𝑚 = 2.385 𝑚
The slenderness of the column:
Radius of gyration:

𝐼 1
𝑖 =√ =√ ∗𝑏
𝐴 12

𝑖 = 0.2886 ∗ 300 = 86.602 𝑚𝑚

Slenderness:
𝑙𝑒 2.385
𝜆= = = 27.53
𝑖 86.602
1000
Check whether the column is slender or short:
From the above table
𝑀𝑡𝑜𝑝 = −1.67 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚

𝑀𝑏𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑚 = −0.69 𝐾𝑛 − 𝑚
it’s in double curvature, the top and the bottom moments are in the same direction:
𝑀2 = 1.67 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑀1 = −0.69 𝐾𝑛 − 𝑚
For non-sway mode the limiting slenderness would be:
𝑀1 −0.69
𝜆𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡 = 50 − 25 ( ) = 50 − 25 ∗ ( ) = 60.32
𝑀2 1.67
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝜆 < 𝜆𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡 , 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑡

ii. Design moment calculation

𝑀2 = 1.67 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑀1 = −0.69 𝐾𝑛 − 𝑚
𝐴𝑥𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑(𝑁) = 48.34 𝐾𝑁
The equivalent moment
0.6𝑀2 + 0.4𝑀1 = 0.6 ∗ 1.67 + 0.4 ∗ (−0.69) = 0.726 𝐾𝑛 − 𝑚
𝑀𝑒𝑞 ≥ {
0.4𝑀2 = 0.4 ∗ 1.67 = 0.668 𝑚
𝑀𝑒𝑞 = 0.726 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
Accidental eccentricity:
𝑙𝑒 2385
𝑒𝑎 ≥ {200 = 300 = 7.95 𝑚𝑚
20 𝑚𝑚
𝑒𝑎 = 20 𝑚𝑚
20
𝑀𝑎 = 48.34 ∗ = 0.967 𝐾𝑛 − 𝑚
1000
Design moment:
𝑀𝑒𝑞 + 𝑀𝑎 = 0.726 + 0.967 = 1.693𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑀𝑒𝑑 ≥ {
𝑀2 + 𝑀𝑎 = 1.67 + 0.967 = 2.637 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑀𝑒𝑑 = 2.637 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
Therefore,
𝑀𝑒𝑑 𝑥106 2.637𝑥106
𝜇𝑠𝑑 = = = 8.62𝑥10−3
𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝑏ℎ2 11.33𝑥300𝑥3002
𝑁 48.34𝑥103
𝜐= = = 0.0474
𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝑏ℎ 11.33𝑥3002
iii. Select design chart
16
ℎ′ 25 + 8 + 2
= = 0.1366
ℎ 300
ℎ′
Use uniaxial chart number 8, since ≈ 0.15
ℎ

With:
𝑀𝑒𝑑 𝑥106 2.637𝑥106
𝜇𝑠𝑑 = = = 8.62𝑥10−3
𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝑏ℎ2 11.33𝑥300𝑥3002
𝑁 48.34𝑥103
𝜐= = = 0.0474
𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝑏ℎ 11.33𝑥3002
𝜔 ≈ 0.1
𝜔𝐴𝑐 𝑓𝑐𝑑 0.1 ∗ 3002 ∗ 11.33
𝐴𝑠 = = = 293.16 𝑚𝑚2
𝑓𝑦𝑑 347.83

the minimum area:

𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.008𝐴𝑐 = 0.008𝑥3002 = 720 𝑚𝑚2
Since 𝐴𝑠 < 𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 … 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 720
On each face 𝐴 = = = 180 𝑚𝑚2
4 4

Using diameter 14 bars

180
# 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑎𝑟 𝑜𝑛 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 = = 1.16 ≈ 2∅14
154
Lateral Reinforcement

14
∅𝑡 ≥ { 4 = 3.5 𝑚𝑚
6 𝑚𝑚
𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒 ∅𝑡 = 6 𝑚𝑚
Spacing
12∅𝑙 = 12𝑥14 = 168 𝑚𝑚 ≈ 160 𝑚𝑚
𝑠≤{ 𝑏 = 300
300
𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 ∅8 𝑐/𝑐 160 𝑚𝑚
Second Floor Column Design
i. Effective column length
 1
(12) 𝑏ℎ3 1 3003
𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝐴 = = ( ) ∗ 600 ∗ = 225000 𝑚𝑚3
𝐿 12 6000
1
(12) 𝑏ℎ3 1 3003
𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝐴 = = ( ) ∗ 600 ∗ = 225000 𝑚𝑚3
𝐿 12 6000
1
(12) 𝑏ℎ3 1 3003
𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝐵 = = ( ) ∗ 600 ∗ = 225000 𝑚𝑚3
𝐿 12 6000
1
(12) 𝑏ℎ3 1 3003
𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝐵 = =( ) ∗ 600 ∗ = 225000 𝑚𝑚3
𝐿 12 6000
1
(12) 𝑏ℎ3 1 3004
𝑘𝑐𝐴𝐵 = =( )∗ = 225000 𝑚𝑚3
𝐿 12 3000
∑ 𝑘𝑐𝑜𝑙 2 ∗ 225000
𝛼𝐴 = = =1
∑ 𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 2 ∗ 225000
∑ 𝑘𝑐𝑜𝑙 2 ∗ 225000
𝛼𝐵 = = =1
∑ 𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 2 ∗ 225000
(αA + αB ) 1 + 1
αm = = =1
2 2
For non-sway frame
𝑙𝑒 𝛼𝑚 + 0.4 1 + 0.4
= = = 0.778 ≥ 0.7 , 𝑜𝑘
𝑙 𝛼𝑚 + 0.8 1 + 0.8
𝑙𝑒 = 0.778 ∗ 3 𝑚 = 2.33 𝑚
The slenderness of the column:
Radius of gyration:

𝐼 1
𝑖 =√ =√ ∗𝑏
𝐴 12

𝑖 = 0.2886 ∗ 300 = 86.602 𝑚𝑚

Slenderness:
𝑙𝑒 2.33
𝜆= = = 26.94
𝑖 86.602
1000
Check whether the column is slender or short:
From the above table
𝑀𝑡𝑜𝑝 = 6.59 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚

𝑀𝑏𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑚 = 3.30 𝐾𝑛 − 𝑚
it’s in double curvature, the top and the bottom moments are in the same direction:
𝑀2 = 6.59 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑀1 = −3.30 𝐾𝑛 − 𝑚
For non-sway mode the limiting slenderness would be:
𝑀1 −3.3
𝜆𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡 = 50 − 25 ( ) = 50 − 25 ∗ ( ) = 62.52
𝑀2 6.59
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝜆 < 𝜆𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡 , 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑡

ii. Design moment calculation

𝑀2 = 6.59 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑀1 = −3.30 𝐾𝑛 − 𝑚
𝐴𝑥𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑(𝑁) = 265.83 𝐾𝑁
The equivalent moment
0.6𝑀2 + 0.4𝑀1 = 0.6 ∗ 6.59 + 0.4 ∗ (−3.3) = 2.634 𝐾𝑛 − 𝑚
𝑀𝑒𝑞 ≥ {
0.4𝑀2 = 0.4 ∗ 6.59 = 2.636 𝑚
𝑀𝑒𝑞 = 2.636 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚

Accidental eccentricity:
 𝑙𝑒 2385
𝑒𝑎 ≥ {200 = 300 = 7.95 𝑚𝑚
20 𝑚𝑚
𝑒𝑎 = 20 𝑚𝑚
20
𝑀𝑎 = 265.83 ∗ = 5.32 𝐾𝑛 − 𝑚
1000
Design moment:
𝑀𝑒𝑞 + 𝑀𝑎 = 2.636 + 5.32 = 7.956 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑀𝑒𝑑 ≥ {
𝑀2 + 𝑀𝑎 = 6.59 + 5.32 = 11.91 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑀𝑒𝑑 = 11.91 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
Therefore,
𝑀𝑒𝑑 𝑥106 11.91𝑥106
𝜇𝑠𝑑 = = = 0.0389
𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝑏ℎ2 11.33𝑥300𝑥3002
𝑁 265.83𝑥103
𝜐= = = 0.261
𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝑏ℎ 11.33𝑥3002
Using uniaxial chart number 8:
With:
𝑀𝑒𝑑 𝑥106 11.91𝑥106
𝜇𝑠𝑑 = = = 0.0389
𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝑏ℎ2 11.33𝑥300𝑥3002
𝑁 265.83𝑥103
𝜐= = = 0.261
𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝑏ℎ 11.33𝑥3002
𝜔 ≈ 0.75
𝜔𝐴𝑐 𝑓𝑐𝑑 0.75 ∗ 3002 ∗ 11.33
𝐴𝑠 = = = 2198.70𝑚𝑚2
𝑓𝑦𝑑 347.83

the minimum area:

𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.008𝐴𝑐 = 0.008𝑥3002 = 720 𝑚𝑚2

Since 𝐴𝑠 > 𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 … 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝐴𝑠

𝐴𝑠 2198.7
On each face 𝐴 = = = 549.68 𝑚𝑚2
4 4

Using diameter 14 bars

549.68
# 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑎𝑟 𝑜𝑛 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 = = 3.569 ≈ 4∅14
154
Lateral Reinforcement

14
∅𝑡 ≥ { 4 = 3.5 𝑚𝑚
6 𝑚𝑚
8 𝑚𝑚
𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒 ∅𝑡 = 8 𝑚𝑚
Spacing
12∅𝑙 = 12𝑥14 = 168 𝑚𝑚 ≈ 160 𝑚𝑚
𝑠≤{ 𝑏 = 300
300
𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 ∅8 𝑐/𝑐 160 𝑚𝑚

First Floor Column Design

i. Effective column length

1
(12) 𝑏ℎ3 1 3003
𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝐴 = = ( ) ∗ 600 ∗ = 225000 𝑚𝑚3
𝐿 12 6000
1
(12) 𝑏ℎ3 1 3003
𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝐴 = = ( ) ∗ 600 ∗ = 225000 𝑚𝑚3
𝐿 12 6000
 1
(12) 𝑏ℎ3 1 4003
𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝐵 = = ( ) ∗ 250 ∗ = 222222.22 𝑚𝑚3
𝐿 12 6000
1
(12) 𝑏ℎ3 1 4003
𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝐵 = = ( ) ∗ 250 ∗ = 222222.22 𝑚𝑚3
𝐿 12 6000
1
(12) 𝑏ℎ3 1 3004
𝑘𝑐𝐴𝐵 = =( )∗ = 225000 𝑚𝑚3
𝐿 12 3000
∑ 𝑘𝑐𝑜𝑙 2 ∗ 225000
𝛼𝐴 = = =1
∑ 𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 2 ∗ 225000
∑ 𝑘𝑐𝑜𝑙 2 ∗ 225000
𝛼𝐵 = = = 1.0125
∑ 𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 2 ∗ 222222.22
(αA + αB ) 1 + 1.0125
αm = = = 1.00625
2 2
For non-sway frame
𝑙𝑒 𝛼𝑚 + 0.4 1.00625 + 0.4
= = = 0.7785 ≥ 0.7 , 𝑜𝑘
𝑙 𝛼𝑚 + 0.8 1.00625 + 0.8
𝑙𝑒 = 0.7785 ∗ 3 𝑚 = 2.336 𝑚
The slenderness of the column:
Radius of gyration:

𝐼 1
𝑖 =√ =√ ∗𝑏
𝐴 12

𝑖 = 0.2886 ∗ 300 = 86.602 𝑚𝑚

Slenderness:
𝑙𝑒 2.336
𝜆= = = 26.97
𝑖 86.602
1000
Check whether the column is slender or short:
From the above table
𝑀𝑡𝑜𝑝 = 6.59 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚

𝑀𝑏𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑚 = 2.61 𝐾𝑛 − 𝑚
it’s in double curvature, the top and the bottom moments are in the same direction:
 𝑀2 = 6.59 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑀1 = −2.61 𝐾𝑛 − 𝑚
For non-sway mode the limiting slenderness would be:
𝑀1 −2.61
𝜆𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡 = 50 − 25 ( ) = 50 − 25 ∗ ( ) = 59.9
𝑀2 6.59
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝜆 < 𝜆𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡 , 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑡
ii. Design moment calculation
𝑀2 = 6.59 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑀1 = −2.61 𝐾𝑛 − 𝑚
𝐴𝑥𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑(𝑁) = 510.11 𝐾𝑁
The equivalent moment
0.6𝑀2 + 0.4𝑀1 = 0.6 ∗ 6.59 + 0.4 ∗ (−2.61) = 2.91 𝐾𝑛 − 𝑚
𝑀𝑒𝑞 ≥ {
0.4𝑀2 = 0.4 ∗ 6.59 = 3.95 𝑚
𝑀𝑒𝑞 = 3.95 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚

Accidental eccentricity:
𝑙𝑒 2385
𝑒𝑎 ≥ {200 = 300 = 7.95 𝑚𝑚
20 𝑚𝑚
𝑒𝑎 = 20 𝑚𝑚
20
𝑀𝑎 = 510.11 ∗ = 10.2022 𝐾𝑛 − 𝑚
1000
Design moment:
𝑀𝑒𝑞 + 𝑀𝑎 = 3.95 + 5.32 = 9.27 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑀𝑒𝑑 ≥ {
𝑀2 + 𝑀𝑎 = 10.2022 + 5.32 = 15.52 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑀𝑒𝑑 = 15.52 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
Therefore,
𝑀𝑒𝑑 𝑥106 15.52 𝑥106
𝜇𝑠𝑑 = = = 0.0507
𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝑏ℎ2 11.33𝑥300𝑥3002
𝑁 510.11𝑥103
𝜐= = = 0.50025
𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝑏ℎ 11.33𝑥3002
Using uniaxial chart number 8:
With:
 𝑀𝑒𝑑 𝑥106 15.52 𝑥106
𝜇𝑠𝑑 = = = 0.0507
𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝑏ℎ2 11.33𝑥300𝑥3002
𝑁 510.11𝑥103
𝜐= = = 0.50025
𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝑏ℎ 11.33𝑥3002
The section is insufficient, so increase size
Take 350x350 mm
𝑀𝑒𝑑 𝑥106 15.52 𝑥106
𝜇𝑠𝑑 = = = 0.0111
𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝑏ℎ2 11.33𝑥350𝑥3502
𝑁 510.11𝑥103
𝜐= = = 0.367
𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝑏ℎ 11.33𝑥3502
𝜔 = 1.05
𝜔𝐴𝑐 𝑓𝑐𝑑 1.05 ∗ 3502 ∗ 11.33
𝐴𝑠 = = = 4189.75𝑚𝑚2
𝑓𝑦𝑑 347.83

the minimum area:

𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.008𝐴𝑐 = 0.008𝑥3002 = 720 𝑚𝑚2

Since 𝐴𝑠 > 𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 … 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝐴𝑠

𝐴𝑠 4189.75
On each face 𝐴 = = = 1047.43 𝑚𝑚2
4 4

Using diameter 20 bars

1047.43
# 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑎𝑟 𝑜𝑛 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 = = 3.33 ≈ 4∅20
314
Lateral Reinforcement

20
∅𝑡 ≥ { 4 = 5𝑚𝑚
6 𝑚𝑚
8 𝑚𝑚
𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒 ∅𝑡 = 8 𝑚𝑚
Spacing
 12∅𝑙 = 12𝑥16 = 192 𝑚𝑚 ≈ 190 𝑚𝑚
𝑠≤{ 𝑏 = 300
300
𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 ∅8 𝑐/𝑐 190 𝑚𝑚
Ground Floor Column Design
i. Effective column length

1
( ) 𝑏ℎ3 1 4003
𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝐴 = 12 = ( ) ∗ 250 ∗ = 222222.22 𝑚𝑚3
𝐿 12 6000
1
(12) 𝑏ℎ3 1 4003
𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝐵 = = ( ) ∗ 250 ∗ = 222222.22 𝑚𝑚3
𝐿 12 6000
1
(12) 𝑏ℎ3 1 4003
𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝐵 = = ( ) ∗ 250 ∗ = 222222.22 𝑚𝑚3
𝐿 12 6000
1
(12) 𝑏ℎ3 1 4003
𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝐵 = = ( ) ∗ 250 ∗ = 222222.22 𝑚𝑚3
𝐿 12 6000
1
(12) 𝑏ℎ3 1 3004
𝑘𝑐𝐴𝐵 = =( )∗ = 225000 𝑚𝑚3
𝐿 12 3000
∑ 𝑘𝑐𝑜𝑙 2 ∗ 225000
𝛼𝐴 = = = 1.0125
∑ 𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 2 ∗ 222222.22
∑ 𝑘𝑐𝑜𝑙 2 ∗ 225000
𝛼𝐵 = = = 1.0125
∑ 𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 2 ∗ 222222.22
 (αA + αB ) 1.0125 + 1.0125
αm = = = 1.0125
2 2
For non-sway frame
𝑙𝑒 𝛼𝑚 + 0.4 1.0125 + 0.4
= = = 0.779 ≥ 0.7 , 𝑜𝑘
𝑙 𝛼𝑚 + 0.8 1.0125 + 0.8
𝑙𝑒 = 0.779 ∗ 3 𝑚 = 2.338 𝑚
The slenderness of the column:
Radius of gyration:

𝐼 1
𝑖 =√ =√ ∗𝑏
𝐴 12

𝑖 = 0.2886 ∗ 300 = 86.602 𝑚𝑚

Slenderness:
𝑙𝑒 2.338
𝜆= = = 26.99
𝑖 86.602
1000
Check whether the column is slender or short:
From the above table
𝑀𝑡𝑜𝑝 = 1.2 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚

𝑀𝑏𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑚 = 10.47 𝐾𝑛 − 𝑚
it’s in double curvature, the top and the bottom moments are in the same direction:
𝑀2 = 10.47 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑀1 = −1.2 𝐾𝑛 − 𝑚
For non-sway mode the limiting slenderness would be:
𝑀1 −1.2
𝜆𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡 = 50 − 25 ( ) = 50 − 25 ∗ ( ) = 52.86
𝑀2 10.47
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝜆 < 𝜆𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡 , 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑡
ii. Design moment calculation
𝑀2 = 10.47 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑀1 = −1.2 𝐾𝑛 − 𝑚
𝐴𝑥𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑(𝑁) = 610.64 𝐾𝑁
The equivalent moment
0.6𝑀2 + 0.4𝑀1 = 0.6 ∗ 10.47 + 0.4 ∗ (−1.2) = 5.802 𝐾𝑛 − 𝑚
𝑀𝑒𝑞 ≥ {
0.4𝑀2 = 0.4 ∗ 10.47 = 4.188 𝑚
𝑀𝑒𝑞 = 5.802 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚

Accidental eccentricity:
𝑙𝑒 2338
𝑒𝑎 ≥ {200 = 300 = 7.79 𝑚𝑚
20 𝑚𝑚
𝑒𝑎 = 20 𝑚𝑚
20
𝑀𝑎 = 610.64 ∗ = 12.21 𝐾𝑛 − 𝑚
1000
Design moment:
𝑀𝑒𝑞 + 𝑀𝑎 = 5.802 + 12.21 = 18.012 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑀𝑒𝑑 ≥ {
𝑀2 + 𝑀𝑎 = 10.47 + 12.21 = 22.68 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑀𝑒𝑑 = 22.68 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚
Therefore,
𝑀𝑒𝑑 𝑥106 22.68 𝑥106
𝜇𝑠𝑑 = = = 0.047
𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝑏ℎ2 11.33𝑥350𝑥3502
𝑁 610.64𝑥103
𝜐= = = 0.4399
𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝑏ℎ 11.33𝑥3502
Using uniaxial chart number 8:
The section is insufficient, so increase size
Take 400x400 mm
𝑀𝑒𝑑 𝑥106 22.68 𝑥106
𝜇𝑠𝑑 = = = 0.031
𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝑏ℎ2 11.33𝑥400𝑥4002
𝑁 610.64𝑥103
𝜐= = = 0.3368
𝑓𝑐𝑑 𝑏ℎ 11.33𝑥4002
𝜔 ≈ 0.9
𝜔𝐴𝑐 𝑓𝑐𝑑 0.9 ∗ 4002 ∗ 11.33
𝐴𝑠 = = = 4690.56𝑚𝑚2
𝑓𝑦𝑑 347.83
the minimum area:
𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.008𝐴𝑐 = 0.008𝑥3002 = 720 𝑚𝑚2

Since 𝐴𝑠 > 𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 … 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝐴𝑠

𝐴𝑠 4690.56
On each face 𝐴 = = = 1172.64 𝑚𝑚2
4 4

Using diameter 20 bars

1172.64
# 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑎𝑟 𝑜𝑛 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 = = 3.73 ≈ 4∅20
314
Lateral Reinforcement

16
∅𝑡 ≥ { 4 = 4 𝑚𝑚
6 𝑚𝑚
8 𝑚𝑚
𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒 ∅𝑡 = 8 𝑚𝑚
Spacing
12∅𝑙 = 12𝑥16 = 192 𝑚𝑚 ≈ 190 𝑚𝑚
𝑠≤{ 𝑏 = 300
300
𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 ∅8 𝑐/𝑐 190 𝑚𝑚