Joshua Wright

10-11-17

Informative Speech: Audience Assessment

Specific Goal: My audience will learn more about how to swim freestyle more efficiently than
they have previously have in the past.

My Narrowed Topic:
Strategy: I’ll teach my topic by explanation and description.
definition/demonstration/explanation/description}.

Narrow Focus: My original topic is to teach the audience how to swim freestyle efficiently. More
specifically how to do a correct flip turn, and even more importantly is how to do strealine.

Ethos: -Primary Ethos: I have been swimming since I was in seventh grade

-Secondary Ethos: I will cite

#1:STOTT, MICHAEL J. "KICKING." Swimming World, vol. 58, no. 8, Aug. 2017, p. 12. EBSCOhost,
libprox1.slcc.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=f6h&AN=124557967&site=eds-live.
#2: Veiga, Santiago, et al. "Comparison of Starts and Turns of National and Regional Level Swimmers by Individualized-Distance
Measurements." Sports Biomechanics, vol. 13, no. 3, Sept. 2014, pp. 285-295. EBSCOhost,
libprox1.slcc.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=s3h&AN=98970459&site=eds-live
#3: Arfaoui, Ahlem, et al. "Numerical Streamline Patterns at Swimmer's Surface Using RANS Equations." Journal of Applied
Biomechanics, vol. 28, no. 3, July 2012, pp. 279-283. EBSCOhost,
libprox1.slcc.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=s3h&AN=78540909&site=eds-live..

Audience Knowledge Level: Most audience members have heard a few things about this
topic, but probably don't remember most of it.

Adaptation to Audience Knowledge: I will help my audience understand my topic by credibility

and references.

Pattern of Organization: I’ll use a topical pattern of organization.

Informative Speech: Full Sentence Outline

A More efficient Swimmer

Introduction:
[Your entire introduction for a five-minute speech should last no more than 30 seconds.]

I. Hook: I have been a swimmer for 7 years, and have looked up professional advice on what
the most important thing about swimming freestyle is. I’ll try my best to dive into this topic in a
way that will flip your brains toward swimming.

II. Thesis: By learning how to kick, do flip turns, and perform a proper streamline, you can be
more efficient at swimming freestyle.
III. Preview: I will cover three main points. (State below points)
1. Kicking
2. Flip Turns
3. Streamline

Transition: Which leads me to my first topic of flip turns.

Body

Flip turning to faster results:

This is probably the least important, at least in accordance to you guys. Most flip turns
you are doing is to quickly turn so it doesn’t slow you down by doing an open turn which is
slower. Usually in races if you are racing somebody.
For a regular swimmer tho its a little more important. Before I learned the proper
technique for flip turns, it just felt slow and pointless. After I leaned, It flows and now, it’s like I’m
not even stopping.
According to Sports Biomechanics, the turns in the higher level of swimmers were
faster than the lower level of swimmers, when most of the beginning starts, and underwaters
remained relatively the same.
This means that flip turn techniques are quite important to the speed of the
swimmer.
Learning good technique for this will most certainly make your stroke faster.

Transition: Which takes me to the streamline.

Cutting through the water with streamline

Streamline is a really detrimental part of swimming freestyle.
When you push off the wall, and you slow yourself down a lot if you don’t have a
good streamline. Having a good streamline is similar to the aerodynamics of a airplane.
It's the most efficient way to cut through the water.

From the analysis of Ahlem Arfaoui, he stated that when the swimmers move through
the water, there’s a “flow [of] separation”.
This means that swimmers with proper streamline literally cut through the water.
If they don’t have this certain dynamics in the water, then they won't achieve the
proper cutting through the water that they need.

Transition: This leads me to my last point.

Kicking your way to success.

You always have to kick with any stroke honestly. Most swimmers when they get tired,
they stop kicking, thus making their stroke slower.
You are always kicking throughout your stroke. That’s one of the most
fundamental points to swimming. If you're not, then you get slower like I said before.
According to the writer “Michael Scott” that training for kicking, it’s basically the same
for both distance, and sprinters.
What this means, is that it is important for everyone. Even for non swimmers.
 Transition to close: looking back,

Conclusion:

Summarize main points/thesis: By learning how to kick, do flip turns, and perform a proper
streamline, you can be more efficient at swimming freestyle.
Bookend: Don’t back out of swimming. It’s so fly! With that last bad joke, I’ll set you free.

Work cited page

#1:STOTT, MICHAEL J. "KICKING." Swimming World, vol. 58, no. 8, Aug. 2017, p. 12. EBSCOhost,
libprox1.slcc.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=f6h&AN=124557967&site=eds-live.
#2: Veiga, Santiago, et al. "Comparison of Starts and Turns of National and Regional Level Swimmers by Individualized-Distance
Measurements." Sports Biomechanics, vol. 13, no. 3, Sept. 2014, pp. 285-295. EBSCOhost,
libprox1.slcc.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=s3h&AN=98970459&site=eds-live
#3: Arfaoui, Ahlem, et al. "Numerical Streamline Patterns at Swimmer's Surface Using RANS Equations." Journal of Applied
Biomechanics, vol. 28, no. 3, July 2012, pp. 279-283. EBSCOhost,
libprox1.slcc.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=s3h&AN=78540909&site=eds-live..