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Ships Hydrodynamics
Ships Hydrodynamics
Research Targets:
• Fundamentals of sea-surface hydrodynamics
• Hydro signature prediction and control
• Motions prediction for advanced hullforms
Free Surface Hydromechanics
Goal: Understand all of the physical processes
of a ship’s disturbance of the sea surface:
• Wavebreaking location and intensity
• Air entrainment and bubble generation
• Bubble transport and hull/propulsion effects
• Forces on ships and resulting motions
Free Surface Hydromechanics
Critical Scientific Issues:
• Air entrainment is a highly-complex set of phenomena
sensitive to hullform, Froude Number, incident seas,
and ship motions.
• Bow wave breaking is complex – plunge, rebound, plunge
• Turbulent contact line (TCL) is unexplored, complex
• Stern flow combines separated flow, vortical air
entrainment, propulsor jet, and ship motions – complex
• Control of wake will require a balance among many
components
• A wide range of length scales is difficult to address
computationally
• Forces and responses are nonlinear and complex
Phenomena
Spray Transport*
Ship Generation & Evolution
Motions
Vortices &
Bubbles / Transom
Prop Inflow
*size spectrum (x; t)
Free Surface Hydromechanics
Approach:
• Observe and identify approximate balance of phenomena
• Define critical lab experiments to provide detailed data/models
• Develop comprehensive computational methods for
incorporating models in prediction methods
• Measure both detailed and global results at sea.
Stern breaker
Hydraulic jump
DDG-67
Transom Model
Athena Model
(=8.25)
R/V Athena I
Scripps Institute of Oceanography
Targets:
• Fundamentals of sea-surface hydrodynamics
• Hydro signature prediction and control
• Motions prediction for advanced hullforms
Target: Motion Prediction
Advanced Hull Forms; Extreme Conditions
- Detailed Issues -
Improved
Panel
Hulls
Methods Optimization
Semi-empirical
Methods
SAIC – MD,
NSWCCD Introduction: Split-Time Scale Method
Roll
Upcrossing not leading
to capsizing
Capsized
equilibrium
Rare
Upcrossing leading
m0 1 to capsizing
Non-Rare
x j
eff 3 Re
Kr curvature
Fr=0.41
Original
Optimized
Reduced wave interference
Reduced transom end
vortical flow
(Visualized by Q criteria)
Optimized
Original
Validation of Cr reduction by model testing
Though the optimization was carried out only for design Fr=0.518, at which a 9% reduction in wave
resistance was achieved, a significant reduction (~25%) is also seen at Fr=0.30 – 0.36 range
Other Hydrodynamics Topics
Spray Hydrodynamics: Complete understanding, prediction,
and control of small craft hydrodynamics:
• High-shear fluid sheets and spray generation
• Impulsive impact and hydrodynamic loads
• Comprehensive computational prediction methods