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Chapter One: Metric (Si), Pns Bar Sizes Standards and Other Criterion
Chapter One: Metric (Si), Pns Bar Sizes Standards and Other Criterion
Chapter One: Metric (Si), Pns Bar Sizes Standards and Other Criterion
Chapter One
METRIC (SI), PNS BAR SIZES STANDARDS AND OTHER CRITERION
By Amadeus (Mady) Magpile, President and CEO
INTRODUCTION
This is first in a series of articles outlining the Manual of Standard Practice, Estimators and
Detailers of Barlines adhere to regarding Reinforcing Steel in the Philippines. Because the
current practice in the Philippines is still predominantly “cut‐and‐bend” at the jobsite – the
practice of rebar estimating, detailing, fabrication and even installation varies from job to job.
And also since the Philippines is just now getting familiar with the typical fab shop equipment, in
general notes and specifications to provide quality control are at times conflicting. Instead of
leaving everyone to their own interpretations, Barlines took upon itself to layout a basis for a
Manual of Standard Practice that everyone could embrace.
Because the author was and still is a member of the CRSI Committee on Reinforcing Bar
Detailing and that Barlines mother company has done work in many countries of the world and
have learned to adapt to so many rebar engineering standards, the task seem easier assigned to
them. Barlines welcome any constructive comments on this endeavor.
1.01 METRIC vs. IMPERIAL
In the International System of Measurement (SI), the Metric System, all dimensions in
Reinforcing Steel Placing Drawings shall be shown in millimeters, thus: 365, 625, 720, 9 000.
Some may show a space between thousands and hundreds, but such is not mandatory. By
adopting this standard the use of “mm” abbreviations becomes unnecessary. Spacing of bars,
dimensions and lengths of bars shall also be shown in millimeters. To follow the practice in the
United States and to conform to calibration of fabricating equipments, rebar dimensions shall be
rounded to the nearest inch or 25mm for end‐hooks and to the nearest quarter inch or 5mm for
stirrup and tie hooks. These increments also are compatible to tolerances in fabrication and bar
placement.
The Philippine National Standard (PNS) bar sizes are not universal. It is worth comparing the
bar sizes to have a grasp of its effect on standard hooks.
1 Barlines Reinforcing Steel Co., Inc.
[BARLINES MANUAL OF STANDARD PRACTICE (PHILS)] BRE100
Table BRE100.01
BAR SIZE COMPARISON
You will note in the above bar size comparison table, 10m, 16m and 36m of the Philippines are a
bit larger than bar sizes of the United States. It follows, that except for these bar sizes, all
standard hooks required by the American Concrete Institute (ACI) for the U.S. bar sizes can be
maintained in the Philippines with very minor adjustments.
2 Barlines Reinforcing Steel Co., Inc.
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1.02 AVAILABLE STOCK LENGTHS
Unique in the Philippines, bars are available in multiple stock lengths. Because of the absence of
fabricating equipments, the Mills took upon themselves to make available various lengths to
reduce the amount shearing that will be needed in a “cut‐and‐bend” practice at the jobsite.
Bars in the Philippines are available in: 6.00, 7.50, 9.00, 10.50, and 12.00 meters. On a special
order, 15.00 meters can be made available.
1.03 STANDARD HOOKS
To avoid hairline cracks induce by excessive bending stresses, the ACI established controls by
specifying the minimum inside radius or inside diameter of bend that can be made for each size
of bar. This minimum bend diameter is commonly know in fabrication is as the “pin” diameter.
The radius of diameter of the bend is usually expressed as a multiple of the nominal diameter of
the bar db. The ratio of diameter of bend to diameter of bar is not a constant because it has
been found by test that this ratio must be larger as the bar size increases. The minimum pin
diameters of bend specified by ACI 318 (318M) for reinforcing bars are as follows:
Other than
8m 6 db 4 db
28m, 32m, 36m 8 db
40m, 50m 10 db
db = nominal bar diameter
Besides the requirements of ACI 318, the rounding of end‐hooks to the nearest 25 mm and
stirrup and ties to the nearest 5 mm – allowance for spring back in fabrication and maintaining a
policy of production fabrication pin size no smaller than the ASTM A615/A615M bend test pin
size were all recognized as well. In the Tables, the extra length of bar allowed for hook is
designated as A or G. The A and G for hooks made it possible for software developers to
program them as such. For example, a Barlines Detailer, using a detailing software only need to
enter the plus (+) or minus (‐) key to recall a standard hook dimensions for any size bar at the A
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[BARLINES MANUAL OF STANDARD PRACTICE (PHILS)] BRE100
or G cells. Using Microsoft EXCEL spreadsheet, one can embed a lookup table at those same
cells, eliminating memorizing all the different hook dimensions. As an added rule, the A or G
can also be a dimension less but not more than standards (See Table of the minimum A or G
Dimension).
Fabricating equipment most likely will be coming from the United States, China or Korea.
Barlines equipment is all from KRB Machinery of Pennsylvania, U.S.A., and the same equipment
that fabricated the PETRONAS Towers in Malaysia.
1.04 – FABRICATING EQUIPMENT COMMONLY FOUND IN A FAB SHOP
Here are some photos of Barlines Fabricating Equipment from KRB.
The KRB Shear line, with the loading table at the right side of the shear head, the measuring
conveyor and the sorting table on the left side of the shear head. In this instance, the multiple
bars have been blocked (blocker calibrated every 5 mm) and sheared off. At the push of a
button by the operator, the bars will be lifted and slid into the open bin no.2, while bin no. 1 is
closed with bars of different length or size than on the conveyor.
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Below is the KRB Heavy bender. Notice the pin size around which the bar was bent. Notice also
the extra length at the end required by the pin to catch. Shorter than standard may make it
impossible to bend the bar.
Below is a photo of Barlines “Green Elephant” – KRB Stirrupmatic. It is capable of shearing and
bending multiple stirrup/ties both in straight rods and in coiled rebar, in bar sizes 10m, 13m and
16m, in one operation. While coil is still not readily available in the Philippines, Barlines is able
to get them from Taiwan. With Coils rebar waste is reduce from one remnant every 12 meter
stock to 1 remnant every 3000 meter stock. Again this machine is calibrated in increments of 5
mm.
5 Barlines Reinforcing Steel Co., Inc.
[BARLINES MANUAL OF STANDARD PRACTICE (PHILS)] BRE100
Table BRE100.02
THE PHILIPPINES METRIC REINFORCING BARS
NOMINAL DIMENSIONS
BAR SIZE AREA MASS DIAMETER
The reinforcing steel shown above are available according to PNS Grade 230 (ASTM Grade 33)
from size #8 to #36; PNS Grade 275 (ASTN Grade 40) from size #10 to #36; and PNS Grade 415
(ASTM Grade 60) from size #10 to #50. PNS Grade 415 also is available marked with “W” which
denotes wieldable property.
Barlines Rebar Detailers and Estimator shall be mindful of the PNS Grades and Weldability
requirements of reinforcing steel. Barlines assumes that wieldable grades conforms to ASTM
A706, Grade 60 bars, which is Low Alloy Steel, required for bars that are welded and on Ductile
Frame or Boundary Elements of Shear Walls in Seismic Zone 4, such as the entire Philippines.
It is not, however, the responsibility of a Rebar Detailer to change the grades of rebar as
specified by the Design‐Engineer.
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[BARLINES MANUAL OF STANDARD PRACTICE (PHILS)] BRE100
Barlines Rebar Detailers shall detail standard hooks on bars according to these minimum:
ACI 318 (318M) minimum bend diameters,
Rounding to 5 mm and 25 mm increments,
Spring back in fabrication, and
Fabricating Equipment calibration.
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[BARLINES MANUAL OF STANDARD PRACTICE (PHILS)] BRE100
Table BRE100.03
RECOMMENDED END HOOKS, All Grades
D = Finished bend Diameter (Pin Diameter)
90 degree
180 degree hook hook
D* A or G J
Bar Size (mm) (mm) (mm) A or G (mm)
#8 50 100 65 125
#10 60 150 80 150
#12 80 175 105 200
#16 100 200 130 250
#20 135 250 180 375
#25 155 275 205 425
#28 240 375 300 475
#32 275 425 335 550
#36 305 475 375 625
#40 400 675 500 725
#50 500 850 600 900
*Finished bend diameters include “spring back” effect when bars straighten out slightly
after being bent and are slightly larger than minimum bend diameters in ACI Chapter 3,
Section 7.2.
8 Barlines Reinforcing Steel Co., Inc.
[BARLINES MANUAL OF STANDARD PRACTICE (PHILS)] BRE100
Table A100.04
STIRRUP AND TIE HOOK DIMENSIONS (All Grades)
Bar 90 degree
Size D* (mm) hook 135 degree hook
Hook A 0r G H Approx
(mm) Hook A or G (mm) (mm)
10 40 105 105 65
12 50 115 115 80
16 65 155 140 95
20 120 355 230 135
25 155 410 270 155
135 DEGREE SEISMIC STIRRUP/TIE HOOK DIMENSIONS
(All Grades)
Bar
Size D* (mm) 135 degree hook
Hook A or G
(mm) H Approx (mm)
10 40 110 80
12 50 115 80
16 65 140 95
20 120 230 135
25 155 270 155
*Same note as in table A100.03
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1.05 OTHER DETAILING CRITERION
1.05.01 ‐ RADIAL PREFABRICATION (Bend Type 9)
When reinforcing bars are used around a curved surfaces, such as domes or tanks and when no
special requirement is established in the contract, such bars shall be detailed and prefabricated
in accordance with the criteria established in the following table.
TABLE A100.05
Bars are to be fabricated when
Bar either the radius or bar length is
Size less the tabulated value
Radius (meter) Bar Length (meter)
#10 1.50 3.00
#12 3.00 3.00
#16 4.50 3.00
#20 12.00 3.00
#25 18.00 9.00
#28 27.00 9.00
#32 33.00 9.00
#36 33.00 18.00
#40 54.00 18.00
#50 90.00 18.00
Bars will be furnished straight for all other conditions. The straight bars will then have to be
sprung in place to fit. Radially prefabricated bars of any size tend to relax the radius originally
prefabricated as a result of time and normal handling. The last few millimeters involved in the
lap splice area often appears as a tangent rather than an arc due to limitations of standard
bending equipment.
The presence of the tangent end may not cause any problem on most bars since they are
generally lap spliced. However, for sizes #40 and #50 bars cannot be lap spliced and are usually
spliced using a mechanical splice or spliced by butt welding. It is a problem to place a radially
bent bar when using mechanical splice due to the tangent ends on bars bent to a small radii. To
avoid this problem, all #40 and #50 bars bent to a radius of 6100 mm or less shall be detailed
and furnished with an additional 450 mm added to each end. Bars bent to radii greater than
6100 mm will be detailed and furnished to the detailed length with no considerations given to
the tangent end.
10 Barlines Reinforcing Steel Co., Inc.
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1.05.02 ‐ LOADING LIMITS
Table A100.06
MAXIMUM ARC LENGTH FOR SHIPPING
Total Length over 12 000 mm.
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Table A100.07
MAXIMUM RIGHT ANGLE LEG FOR SHIPPING
Total Length over 12 000 mm.
Tables A100.06 shows, for various radii of bending, the maximum length of reinforcing bar that
will not exceed 2 235 mm. Table A100.07 shows, for L‐shaped bars, the right angle dimension
from the apex to a straight line between the ends of the bar not exceeding 2 235 mm.
The above is for single bar. Bundles of bars occupy a greater space, therefore 2 235 mm limit
has been selected rather the 2 400 mm maximum load limit. Generally, shipping widths greater
than 2 400 mm require the permission of authorities or must be shipped under special freight
rates.
12 Barlines Reinforcing Steel Co., Inc.
[BARLINES MANUAL OF STANDARD PRACTICE (PHILS)] BRE100
REFERENCES:
Amarican Concrete Institute (ACI) Committee 318 (2008) Building Code Requirements for
Structural Concrete, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI.
Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute – CRSI (2009) Manual of Standard Practice, 28th Edition,
Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute, Schaumburg, IL.
Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute – CRSI (2000) Reinforcing Bar Detailing, 4th Edition,
Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute, Schaumburg, IL.
Barlines Reinforcing Steel Bulletins
Philippine National Standard CDPNS 49:2001, Steel bars for reinforcement – Specifications,
Philippine Nation Standard (Copy attached)
13 Barlines Reinforcing Steel Co., Inc.