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Mitigation OF Environmental Impact: Reported By: Dorado, Thea Mae B. Erfe, Ma. Carmela B
Mitigation OF Environmental Impact: Reported By: Dorado, Thea Mae B. Erfe, Ma. Carmela B
OF
ENVIRONMENTAL
IMPACT
(CE 405E-3)
Reported by:
DORADO, THEA MAE B.
ERFE, MA. CARMELA B.
Mitigation Transportation studies focus on a weighted
sound level in terms of activities:
– is an action to lessen the severity.
50 dBA – normal conversation
Environmental impacts may be classified
according to severity: 70 dBA – loud conversation at 0.6m
- individual facilities
MITIGATION:
Mitigating Measures:
Facility design modifications *reduce noise at source (runway)
Replacement housing Strategize location
Modification of operations Insulation of receptors
Installation of noise barriers
Acquisition of properties surrounding
the runway
Environmental Problems
Noise *design modifications focused on
Encroachment of natural habitat jet engines, predominant on
Storm water management takeoff.
Hazardous waste and soil Introduction of fan jet engines
contamination Acoustal lining of inlets and ducts in
exhaust
Noise
*Land use guidelines
Distribution of matter according to Zone A-B: suitable for residential
SEVERITY: (55dB rec.)
1. Airports / air transportation Zone D: restricted for unauthorized
2. Urban areas activities (>75 dB rec.)
3. Highways / rail systems
To be studied for solutions: Noise classification:
a. Control at source *Highway – continuous
d. Location and design of
*Railway -sporadic
facilities
c. Noise barriers
d. Insulation of receptors Mitigation measures at source:
Noise barriers
Quiet pavements (asphalt overlay)
Measurement of sound is denoted
Mufflers for vehicles
as the actual sound pressure in
Modification of profile to depress
DECIBELS(Db)
facilities below ground level
Principal sources of noise: DESIGN MODIFICATIONS
-Highways Identifying environmentally-
sensitive areas
*Engine and exhaust of Drainage design
vehicles Construction of passageways for
*Tire noise wildlife migration
-Railways
Construction of artificial habitats
*Squeal caused by wheel on It is a requirement if destruction of
tracts natural habitat is involved
(trucks and motorcycles are noisier) It must be larger than the
environment destroyed
Noise barrier according to type:
Steps to create artificial habitats
-earth beams
1. Know the exact type of habitat to be
-walls (preferably concrete)
built
Reception rate according to material: 2. Determine type of biological aspects
20 dBA – wood (e.g. vegetation)
3. Grade area to desired elevation to
40 dBA – concrete
attract the specific species to be
moved
Encroachment of Storm water
natural habitat management
*construction of facilities for all Factors:
types of transportation is apt to disturb Rainfall / runoff
natural habitats. Flooding
Causes: *construction of impervious surface can
Noise alter seepage of rainfall to the ground
Visual intrusion *surfaces can also contribute to water
Fumes contamination
Wildlife conflict
MITIGATION:
Effects: Increase detention of storm water
Hindrance to animal migration
Slows runoff
Water quality alteration
Decrease peak intensities
Direct disturbance to wildlife
Provides time for contaminants to
settle out
MITIGATION:
DETENTION STRUCTURES
1. Strategize location and modify designs to
lessen impact a. BASIN
Wet ponds are used to remove
-Preservation of actual habitat contaminants
-Construction of artificial habitat b. Infiltration trenches
*few cases use RIGHT OF WAY to preserve Stone-filled trenches that allow
or enhance rare ecological communities. rainwater to fill in the voids of
the trench
Effective for water quality MITIGATION:
management 1. Landfilling
c. Porous pavement (open grade) Contaminated materials are
Mainly asphalt it allows deposited in an approved landfill
seepage 2. Containment
Normally used in parking lots Sealing of hazardous waste or
d. Vegetative filter strips contaminated soil by capping, slurry
Strip for lands covered with walls, or sheet piles.
vegetation 3. Treatments
Sodding on berms and medians Incineration (this is now banned in
e. Wetlands the Philippines)
Used for settlement of
contaminants
*the main goal of storm water management
design is to control the intensity and timing *selection of waste management methods
of peak discharge, for it will heavily affect depends on the waste to be treated.
the minimum capacity of the environment Practical considerations as well as technical
to hold rainwater. and legal matters must also be considered.
Hazardous waste
GENERALIZATION
and soil
Environmental impacts are observed under
contamination strict compliance whenever construction is
*under current law, transportation agencies involved in transportation. It is also
are responsible for remediation of chemical necessary to consider the issues regarding
hazards the surroundings that envelop the proposal
of projects. Different environmental factors
Disposal such as noise, biological and chemical
Restrictions of handling hazards, and storm water control are
*construction may potentially contain all deciphered to regulate the designs applied
types of hazardous wastes. (mainly on the field. Further studies regarding the
petroleum, asbestos and lead) factors are performed to avoid unwanted
catastrophes.