Outline the phenomenon classical

revival in Europe with relevant

examples.
Neoclassicism was a revived interest in classical forms and ideas that saturated
European and American intellectual thought, fine arts and politics during the
eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

Neoclassicism
 It started with authoritative in letters, design, and politics and a decade later
was not limited to nobles spread across the Europe
 Greco-Roman legends conveyed neoclassicism's aspirations, giving unusual
insight into the intellect and emotions of early American leaders
 “The use of Greek andRoman forms for symbolic as well as functional
purposes, which was a continuous and often dominanttendency in Western
art for a century after 1750, has been called the Classic Revival, or
Neoclassicism,and can be divided into two periods, with a Roman phase
conspicuous until 1815 and a Greek onethereafter. The use of such forms was
not always chronologically successive.”

Neoclassicism in Literature
 Admired order, simplicity, clarity, and reason set in a mood of quiet grandeur.
 Plentiful record of observations, reflections, and designs in books, essays and
folios. Asserted intentions in clear, detailed, and often majestic prose.
 Conveyed in precise and elegant language its theory and practice, its means of
thought and execution, and its progress as an idea and institutional force.

Neoclassicism in Art & Architecture

 Left an array of paintings, sculpture, buildings, and furniture freighted with
inventive and sometimes radical forms.
 Could be standardized and conventionalized
 
Bernard de Montfaucon’s L’Antiquité expliquée `
 Bernard de Montfaucon (1655-1741), a French monk, considered to be
one of the founders of modern archaeology.
 From 1698-1701 lived in Rome.
 Established his reputation with his 15-volume work, L’Antiquité expliquée
et représentée en figures, published between 1719 and 1724,
 A vast, pictorial encyclopedia with copious engravings of the gods, heroes,
religious customs, architecture, military practices, domestic habits, and
funerary rites of the ancient world.
 A truly staggering
and fascinating
production that
remained an
unrivalled source
book for the art of
the ancient world for
scholars and artists
through the
nineteenth century.
 Was immediately
translated into
English by David
Humphreys as
Antiquity Explained.

Thomas Jefferson
 He built two buildings the Virginia capitol and University of Virginia

1. The Virginia State Capitol

o A living landmark to American self-government.
o Since 1788, home to the General Assembly, the oldest legislature
continuously operating in the Western Hemisphere.
 o Designed by Thomas Jefferson
o First public building constructed in the Monumental Classical style
o Served as a prototype for countless capitols, courthouses, municipal
buildings, and even churches and residences for more than 200
years.

2. University of Virginia

o Architect - Thomas Jefferson

o Location - Charlottesville, Virginia
o Date - 1826
o Building Type - University Campus
o Construction System - Brick
o Climate - Temperate
o Context - Open Campus
o Style - Classical, Neo-Palladian
o Arcades connect buildings around central lawn.
o Curving brick walls surround campus.
o Pantheonic rotunda.