Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Electric Heaters, Reactor and Flashdrum
Electric Heaters, Reactor and Flashdrum
Electric Heaters, Reactor and Flashdrum
1. Power rating
2. Watt Density
3. Number of Elements
4. Sheath Material
5. Screw Plug Material
6. Immersed length
Design Calculation:
4790193.921 kJ 1 hour 1
Power rating= × ×
8 hour 3600 sec 0.75
Power rating= 221.76 kW
221.76 kW
Elements =
100 kW/Heater
Elements = 2.2 or 3 Elements
To compute for the design of the electric heater’s cubic vessel with 10% volumetric allowance,
9.85 = 𝑆 3
𝑆 = 3.138 𝑚 ≅ 3.2 𝑚
Specification Summary:
Equipment EH-01
Total Power Rating 221.76 kW
Number of Elements 3
Voltage 600 V
Screw Plug Size 3 in
Pressure rating 300 psig
Screw Plug Material Carbon Steel
Immersed Length 130 in
Sheath Material Incoloy Steel
Watt Density 75 watts per square inch
Cubic Vessel’s Edge 3.2 m
Equipment: Air heater
1. Power rating
2. Watt Density
3. Number of Elements
4. Sheath Material
5. Screw Plug Material
6. Immersed length
Design Calculation:
5193027.619 kJ 1 hour 1
Power rating= × ×
8 hour 3600 sec 0.75
Power rating= 240.42 kW
240.42 kW
Number of Elements=
100 KW/Heater
Elements= 2.4042 or 3 heaters in series
P= 4 atm
T= 513 K
19118.0327 5082.008692
( 28
+ 32
)×0.08205×513 𝐾
V=
4
V= 8856.079 m3
8856.079 m3
Q=
8×3600 𝑠
Q = 0.3075 m3/s
𝑄
A=
𝜐
0.3075 m3/s
A=
1.5 𝑚/𝑠
A= 0.205 𝑚2 W
𝑊2 = 𝐴
𝑊 2 = 0.205 𝑚2
𝑾 = 0.452 m
𝑚 60 𝑠
L = 1.5 × × 5 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑠
𝑠 1 𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑳 = 450 m
Specification Summary:
Equipment EH-02
Total Power Rating 240.42 kW
Number of Elements 3
Voltage 600 V
Screw Plug Size 3 in
Pressure rating 300 psig
Screw Plug Material Carbon Steel
Immersed Length 130 in
Sheath Material Incoloy Steel
Watt Density 75 watts per square inch
Air velocity in duct 1.5 m/s
Duct Width 0.45 m
Duct Length 450 m
Equipment: Oxidation Reactor
1. Adiabatic operation
2. Flat velocity profile
3. No axial dispersion
4. No radial dispersion
5. Pseudo-homogeneous assumption
6. Bed void fraction (ε) is 0.375
7. Space time is 8 hours
Design Requirements:
1. Bed Diameter
2. Bed Length
3. Reactor Length
4. Shell Thickness
5. Head Thickness
Reactor composition:
Bed void fraction (ε) = 0.375 for close random packing, monodispersed, (Dullien, 1992)
v= 1.49117 m/s
9807.659 m3 1 hour
Vv = × =0.340504 m3/sec
8 hour 3600 sec
Bed Area, A
0.340504 m3/sec
A= = 0.22837 m2
1.49117 m/s
Bed Diameter, D
4×0.22837 m2
D=√ = 0.5392 m (1.769 ft.)
3.1416
Use Step 8 on Table 7.1 Chemical Process Engineering Design and Economics by Silla, D is less
than 30 in (0.762 m), round off the diameter to 2.2748 ft (0.693374 m).
0.340504 m3/sec
νs = = 0.90177 m/s
0.377595 m2
Vc
Lb=
Ab
Where:
Vc = Volume of Catalyst
Vc = 3.76684 m3
3.76684 m3
Lb= = 9.975 m
0.377595 m2
PAbs =ρgh+Patm
S=Su×Fm×Fa×Fr×Fs
Where:
Su = 55000 psi
S=55000×1.0×1.0×0.25
S=13750 psi
PD
ts = +C
2Se-P
Where:
ts = shell thickness
P = working pressure
D = diameter
S = allowable stress
e = efficiency
C = corrosion allowance; (min C = 1/16)
(58.84)(21.228) 1
ts = +
2(13750)(1.0)-58.84 16
ts =0.108 in
1.104PD
th = + C
2eS-0.2P
1.104 × 58.84×21.228 1
th = +
2(13750)(1.0)-0.2× 58.84 16
th = 0.11266 in
d = .25D
d=.25(21.228) = 5.307 in
d= 0.1348 m
Lr = Lb + d
Lr = 9.975 m + 0.1348 m
Lr = 10.1098 m
Specification Summary:
Specification Illustration:
Equipment: Flash Drum
Type: Vertical Gas-Liquid separator with Mesh Eliminator and Vortex Breaker
1. Separator Diameter
2. Separator Height
3. Liquid Height
4. Mist Eliminator Thickness
Operating Parameters:
Physical properties:
From Table 6.9, Chemical Process Engineering Design and Economics by Silla;
ρL-ρv
ν =kv√
ρv
1016.99552 − 1.098519665
ν = 0.107 m/s √
1.098519665
ν = 3.25 m/s
Solving for Cross-sectional Area (A);
Volumetric Flowrate, Vv
2481.369637 20264.39411
( 1016.99552 + 1.098519665) 1 hour
Vv= ×
2 3600 seconds
Vv= 2.5624 m3/s
2.5624 m3/s
As=
3.25 m/s
As= 0.78884 m2
4 × 0.78884 m2
Ds= √ = 1.0019 m
3.1416
Use Step 8 on Table 7.1 Chemical Process Engineering Design and Economics by Silla, D is
greater than 30 in (0.762 m), round off the diameter to 4 ft (1.2192 m).
3.1416 × 1.21922
Actual Cross-sectional Area= = 1.167 m2
4
2481.369637 kg 1 m3
Liquid Volume (Lv) = ×
3600 sec 1016.99552 kg
d = .25D
d=.25(1.005 m)
d= 0.25125 m
H = HL + HS + MT + VS + d
H = 2.564 m
PAbs =ρgh+Patm
S=Su×Fm×Fa×Fr×Fs
Where:
Su = 55000 psi
S=55000×1.0×1.0×0.25
S=13750 psi
PD
ts = +C
2Se-P
Where:
ts = shell thickness
P = working pressure
D = diameter
S = allowable stress
e = efficiency
C = corrosion allowance; (min C = 1/16)
(31.45 )(72) 1
ts = +
2(13750)(1.0)-31.45 16
ts =0.1449 in
Head is Toroispherical since operating pressure is less than 150 psig.
1.104PD
th = + C
2eS-0.2P
1.104 × 31.45×72 1
th = +
2(13750)(1.0)-0.2× 31.45 16
th = 0.1534 in
Design Specification:
Design Illustration: