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Current and Voltage Amplifiers
Current and Voltage Amplifiers
doc 1/8
Arevoltage
Are voltageand
andcurrent
currentamplifiers
amplifiersseparate
separate
devices,and
devices, andififso,
so,what
whatare
arethe
thedifferences
differences
betweenthem?
between them?
iin ( t ) io (t)
Rs
+
+
+ vin ( t )
vs (t ) -
RL vout ( t )
-
-
Isn’tthat
Q:Isn’t
Q: thatjust
justAAvo??
??
We define a voltage gain Av as: vo
vout ( t )
Av B
vs ( t )
Rs
iin ( t ) Rout io (t)
+ +
+ +
vs ( t ) -
vin ( t ) Rin
- Avo vin RL
vout ( t )
-
-
� R �
vin = � in � vs
R
�s + Rin � ??
??
and analyzing the output:
� RL �
vout = �
�R + R
A v
�
�vo in
� out L �
� RL � � Rin �
vout =�
�R + R
A
�
�vo � vs
�
� out L � R
�s + Rin �
vout ( t ) � R � � Rin �
Av B =� L A
� � �
vs ( t ) �R + R
� out L
�vo
� R
�s + Rin �
1/20/2018 377049412.doc 4/8
Note in the above expression that the first and third product
terms are limited:
� R � � R �
0 �� L ��1 and 0 �� in ��1
�R + R �
� out L � �Rs + Rin �
Thus, if the input resistance is very large (>>Rs) and the output
resistance is very small (<<RL), the voltage gain for this circuit
will be maximized and have a value approximately equal to the
open-circuit voltage gain!
iin ( t ) iout ( t )
+ +
is ( t ) Rs vin ( t ) vout ( t )
RL
- -
iout ( t )
Ai B
is ( t )
� Rout � � Rs �
iout =�
�R + R
A
�
�is � �is
� out L � R
�s + Rin �
io ( t ) � R � � Rs �
Ai B = � out A
� � �
is ( t ) ��Rout + RL
�is
� �Rs + Rin �
1/20/2018 377049412.doc 7/8
Note in the above expression that the first and third product
terms are limited:
� R � � R �
0 �� out ��1 and 0 �� s ��1
�R + R �
� out L � �Rs + Rin �
Thus, if the input resistance is very small (<<Rs) and the output
resistance is very large (>>RL), the voltage gain for this circuit
will be maximized and have a value approximately equal to the
short-circuit current gain!
It’sactually
It’s actuallyquite
quitesimple.
simple. An
Anamplifier
amplifierwith
withlow
low
inputresistance
input resistanceandandhigh
highoutput
outputresistance
resistancewill
will
typically provide
typically providegreat
greatcurrent
currentgain
gainbut
butlousy
lousy
voltagegain.
voltage gain.
Conversely,an
Conversely, anamplifier
amplifierwith
withhigh
highinput
input
resistanceand
resistance andlow
lowoutput
outputresistance
resistancewill
will
typicallymake
typically makeaagreat
greatvoltage
voltageamplifier
amplifierbut
butaa
dog-gonepoor
dog-gone poorcurrent
currentamp.
amp.