Network_Administration_Handsout

It is part of the larger OSI model upon which most data communications is based.
In this protocol data

is splitted into multiple pieces or “packets”.

The two most popular transportation mechanisms used on the Internet are Transmission
Control

Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP). TCP is reliable protocol. In this
protocol

handshaking mechanism is used to ensure packets are properly delivered to receiver.

It is used in those

conditions where 100% delivery of packet is important like file transfer etc. UDP is
unreliable protocol.

It discards errors. Applications like video streaming uses this protocol where delay
in transmission is

critical. TCP is a "Connection Oriented Protocol" while UDP is TCP's

"Connectionless" cousin .

IP Address

Each device in a network is represented by an address called IP Address. There are

two types of IP

address : IPv4 and IPv6. IPv6 is not used widely till now , so we'll use IPv4 in
this training. IPv4 uses

32 bit address. For ease of use, this 32 bit address is divided into four sets of
eight bits (or octets), each

representing a number from 0 to 255. For eg. 97.65.25.12 .

There are various classes of IP address depending on their use. They are Class
A,B,C,D,E.

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