Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Departmental Prospectus
Departmental Prospectus
Prospectus 2017/2018
Department of Social Studies
Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
PROSPECTUS 2017/18
You probably know that the Open University of Sri Lanka (OUSL) is
one of the national universities in Sri Lanka. But,
These are a few among the most compelling reasons for you to start and
continue your higher education journey with the Department of Social
Studies of the Open University of Sri Lanka
www.ou.ac.lk
Welcome
Dean, Faculty of Humanities and Social
Sciences
Welcome to the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Open University of
Sri Lanka!
I am very pleased that you have chosen the Faculty of
Humanities and Social Sciences (HSS) of the Open
University of Sri Lanka to pursue your educational mission.
Our Faculty consists of four departments, namely, Social
Studies, Legal Studies, Language Studies and Management
Studies. It caters to nearly 15,000 learners representing
diverse but inter-related fields of study within Social
Sciences and Development Policy Studies, English
Language Teaching, Law and Criminal Justice
Dr. Shantha
Administration, Public and Business Administration. Our
Abeysinghe
departments provide you with choices to pursue such studies
from Certificate to PhD levels
The mission of Foundation Level studies offered through the Certificate Programme
in Social Sciences is to provide an alternative route to higher studies for those who
do not possess formal qualifications for the purpose. At undergraduate level,
students may register for an innovative and multidisciplinary Bachelors‟ Degree in
Social Sciences having completed the conventional qualifications for university
entrance or our own Foundation Level Certificate Programme. Our overall
institutional objective is to offer a multi-disciplinary training for them to enter into the
broad field of Development Studies. Additionally, the faculty offers Diploma and
Certificate Level courses in Youth Studies and also in Tourism Operations.
This prospectus will give you information that will help you to make the best choice.
On behalf of the Faculty of HSS I warmly welcome you to our student community. I
assure you that your time with us will be inspiring and fulfilling. I wish you the very
best for the present and the future.
www.ou.ac.lk
Welcome
Head, Department of Social Studies
Welcome to the Department of Social Studies (SSD)! I hope this introduction gives
you a good glimpse of what our Department offers, and helps you to embark on an
educational mission with us purposefully.
We also offer opportunities for students to interact with the academic staff through
seminars and online platforms. You will find that many of our students are employed
and that they excel in their careers as an ongoing process as a result of the
comprehensive training received through SSD. Towards those end, we encourage
Students to pursue employment while studying, and our internship requirements
help them to find opportunities in recognized organizations.
www.ou.ac.lk
The Social Studies Department:
Introduction
The Department of Social Studies of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
(HSS) is a unique academic department in the OUSL, offering multi-disciplinary
academic programmes from Certificate to Postgraduate levels. Established in 1990,
the SSD has gradually evolved with a distinct culture and profile, specialising in
development studies with a strong foundation provided through core disciplines of
Economics, Sociology, Mass Communication and Politics and International
Relations.
The Department of Social Studies, commonly known as the SSD was established in
1990, and has gradually evolved with a distinct culture with an academic staff with
high credentials from globally competitive universities in Asia, Europe, Australia, and
the United States.
Scholarly
Competent, and
Socially Responsible
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The Open Distance Learning (ODL)
Method Explained
What is ‘Open’ about the OUSL?
At the OUSL we believe that anyone who wants to study further should be given the
opportunity to do so. We have an „open admissions policy‟ supported by a ladder of
opportunities from pre-degree to postgraduate qualifications. We also encourage the
concept of lifelong learning – that you should be able to pursue education at any
point in your life, at your own pace and according to your interests.
If you are 18 years of age, you are eligible to register for a broad mix of courses
offered by the OUSL. However, at the moment some programmes have selection
tests as the demand for them always exceed our capacity to cater to them.
When you register with us you are given your course material in printed and/or
audio-visual form. Some of the courses are fully online and you are provided with
instructions on how to use the online courses.
You are also given a study pack consisting of guidelines and procedures, your
assignments and an activity schedule for the relevant academic year. The student
guidelines explain all you need to know about particular programmes and the level
for which you have registered. The activity schedule gives you all the information
regarding your assignment submission dates, Day Schools and examination dates.
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What are Day Schools?
Day Schools provide opportunities for you to meet your teachers. An academic
member of staff is appointed as a Module Leader for each course. These are
academics from the department who are responsible for the development of the
course and for ensuring that your learning experience is of high quality. Visiting
Academics who work with the Module Leaders support students in all regional and
study centres where Day Schools are held. When you attend a Day School, you are
able to discuss and solve your learning difficulties by discussing them with your Day
School academic. You can also make an appointment and meet the Module Leader
during weekdays or get in touch with them online at any time.
The printed course material you receive when you register with us is called the „Tutor
in Print‟. Sometimes your course material is provided online. The course materials
are a substitute for the lectures conducted in the conventional system. The course
materials are specially written for the OUSL by experts in each field. These include
academic staff from the OUSL as well as academics from other local and sometimes
international universities. They are interactive in style and contain in-text questions,
activities, and review questions for students to reflect on the work and for self-
assessment.
Sometimes your course materials are in the form of audio and visual material
(Interactive Multi Media (IMM) or online material and activities. IMM constitutes a
combination of printed material/ CD/DVD/ online materials which include reading
material and assignments. Fully online courses are offered as well, where all the
teaching and learning takes place through this medium.
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What are Continuing Education Courses?
Continuing Education (CE) courses are offered to students who are registered for
regular study programmes. Students can choose to follow these courses if they wish
to expand their knowledge in areas that interest them. For instance, the BA in Social
Sciences offers a range of CE course for students such as Statistics for Social
Sciences, Soft Skills and Social Harmony etc. Some of these CE courses may be
compulsory for certain Study Programmes.
All Study Programmes and courses are given a specific credit rating. This
represents the academic value and work load of a course or a programme. It also
reflects the time that should be spent on the course. At the OUSL, one credit is
defined as 50 notional learning hours. When a credit rating is allocated to a course,
it takes into account the time you need to spend on all the activities that you need to
do to successfully complete a course. This includes reading and understanding
course materials, face to face sessions, continuous assessments, final examinations,
reading reference material etc.
Each course that is offered at the OUSL is assigned a course code. This code gives
a unique identity to the course. Course codes consists of 3 letters and 4 digits for
example, SSU2207. The first two letters of all the courses offered by the SSD will
have the letters „SS‟. The letter „u‟ refers to undergraduate level courses. The OUSL
which is in the process of implementing the Sri Lanka Qualification Framework
(SLQF) is converting its course codes to be compatible with SLQF.
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The SLQF Course Codes
The SLQF is a nationally consistent framework for all higher education qualifications
offered in Sri Lanka. The Department of Social Studies is also converting its course
codes to be compatible with SLQF. The new code for the department will be DS and
will come into effect in January 2018 with the implementation of the Sri Lanka
Qualification Framework (SLQF).
D S C 1 3 1 1
Level (01)
Department Programme
Credit (03)
Serial number
of Social
Studies Certificate in
Social
Sciences
D S D 3 3 0 6
Level (03)
Department Programme
Credit (03)
Serial number
of Social
Studies Diploma in
Youth
Development
BA in Social Sciences
D S U 3 6 2 1
Level (03)
Department Programme
Credit (06)
Serial number
of Social
Studies Undergraduate
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How do I decide on my workload?
If you register for a regular study programme such as the Certificate course, BA or
MA, you may register for a minimum of 9 credits or a maximum of 36 credits per
year. Additionally, you may register for up to 9 credits of CE courses.
When you decide on your workload, please consider the number of hours you will
have to spend for each course. For example, if you register for a total of 30 credits
you will have to allocate at least 28 hours per week for your studies.
You need to assess if you have this kind of time available for studying before you
decide on an appropriate workload for yourself. Remember, one of the advantages
of studying at the OUSL is that you can study at your own pace.
So adjust your workload according to how much time you can commit for
your learning process.
However, please note that the possibility of holding examinations in a foreign country
depends on the willingness of an institution (university/embassy) agreeing to hold
them. We cannot guarantee that these institutions will agree.
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Student Life
One of the advantages of the OUSL is that you will be part of an
extremely diverse student population. We have students from all over
the country, employed students, and students from different age groups
and ethnic backgrounds. This will give you the opportunity to interact
with different types of people and to share experiences with them.
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My situation is a good example of how the OUSL
is flexible, open and willing to give a chance for
anybody to become one of their students. I lived in Italy
since I was 1-year-old and after completing a Diploma
in Hospitality Management and a Degree in
Economics, I decided that it was time for me to come
back to my motherland. After coming here, I started to
work in my family business and at the same time I
wanted to continue my studies. I knew this course
was going to give me a chance to study in-depth
according to my interests.
Milinda I will never forget my first Day School; higher education
Gunasekara wasn‟t something new for me, but it was my very first
B.A Level 3 Sri Lankan educational experience. It was very
Student interesting to see such a diversity of students, from
2016/17 different ethnicities, different ages, some that have just
completed A‟ levels and others who were working,
Society and married and have kids. Study material is excellently
Culture Studies written in a simple way with a clear focus about the
Stream topics. My first year is almost over; I can‟t deny that it
was a hard learning experience. We have to make our
studies fit like pieces of a puzzle with the rest of our life
commitments. But this allowed me not only to learn so
much and fulfil my academic goals, but also I learned
what is time management, which is something
essential for a successful life. This was my first year in
this country and I don‟t exaggerate when I say that
OUSL helped me to integrate in this society. What I
learned at the University helped me to understand why
things are the way they are, it makes me hunger for
knowledge and I‟m looking forward to learning more in
the coming years. I‟m very proud to study in an institute
where, as I said before, your age, the place you live
and your occupation don‟t matter. If you are keen to
study, OUSL will give you the best chance
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Students who have studied at the Department of Social
Studies have an insightful understanding of the subject
matter.
Anushke Bandara, Assistant Director,
OUSL Kandy Regional Centre
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The propitious experience at OUSL!
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Does the Open University have student unions?
Yes. OUSL has its own student union. We encourage you to find out about the
student union and to get involved. Our faculty believes in student rights and two
students are elected from the HSS Faculty to represent student issues to the Faculty
Board. Student representation at the Faculty Board is a medium through which you
can ensure that your interests are represented to the faculty and get heard.
So we encourage you to network and get to know your fellow students and to
organise yourself!
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Having received my results for the GCE
Advanced Level Examinations in 2015, I had to make
the hard choice of what degree to follow and most
importantly which university to choose. Considering the
pros and cons of many universities I wished to enrol, I
am glad to have chosen the Open University of Sri
Lanka. The main advantage of the distance learning
methods facilitated by the OUSL is that it allows you to
fit your learning around your work and home life. The
idea of having to spend considerable amount of time
travelling and attend long hours of lectures everyday
Shifa Fawas wasn‟t something that sounded pleasing to me.
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Student Support
There are various units and departments that will support your learning
process during your career at the OUSL.
The Student Affairs Division is responsible for maintaining all personal and academic
records of OUSL students. You should contact the Student Affairs Division for any of
the following:
You should fill your final exam entry form three weeks before the final examination.
Your admission forms will only be prepared when you make the application. The
Examinations Division is responsible for conducting assessments and examinations.
Your admission forms will be sent to you by the Examinations Division before you sit
for your examination. You should contact the Examination Division for any of the
following:
Finance Division
The Finance Division administers student fees and related matters. If you have any
queries regarding course fees, you should contact the Finance Division in the
Central Campus at Nawala. The Finance Division will send you the invoices relating
to each semester; you can make the payments at the stipulated bank branches. You
should remember to retain the student copy of the voucher with you for future
reference. The Shroff Counter at the Colombo Regional Centre is open from 9.00am
to 3.00pm on weekdays. You can also make payments for request for certificates or
results sheets at the Shroff Counter. Students attached to other Regional Centres
may get the assistance of the Regional Officers or Assistant Directors with regard to
payment issues. Students from the regions outside Colombo can pay the fees at the nearest
Regional Centre or at the stipulated bank.
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Student Counselling
The department has a student counsellor who is available for you if you have any
non-academic issue. For academic matters, you should meet the relevant Module
Leader, Regional Coordinator or Visiting Academic.
Student Counsellor:
Mr. Athula Samarakoon
Email: smak918@gmail.com
Tel: 0112881496
Library Services
The OUSL has an excellent library service. The Central Campus at Nawala houses
the main library which is very well equipped with books and other resources. The
library also has photocopying facilities, inter-library loans, access to past
examination papers and short skills development programmes. You can browse all
these services on the university web site at www.lib.ou.ac.lk. Regional Centres and
study centres also have library services.
The main library is open from 8.30am to 6.30 pm every day except on Poya days
and University holidays. Libraries in regional and study centres are open every day
except on Sundays and Mondays.
The Career Guidance Unit is located in the new CRC building at Nawala. You can
get support there to advance your career development and employment skills.
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Medical Centre
The Colombo Regional Centre has a medical centre for students and staff. It is
usually open on all weekdays except on public and university holidays.
The Colombo, Matara and Kandy Regional Centres provide temporary residential
facilities for a limited number of students for restricted periods. You have to obtain
an application form to request for this facility from the Assistant Registrar of the
Faculty or from the reception desk at the residential facility. This application form
must be certified by an academic staff member.
Canteens
Student canteens serve meals and other refreshments at reasonable prices at the
Central Campus, Colombo, Kandy and Matara Regional Centres. The canteens are
open all weekdays and weekends except on University holidays.
Banking Facilities
Photocopying Facilities
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Scholarships
Mahapola Scholarship
Who can apply?
Students who successfully complete Level III of the BA Degree Programme are
eligible to apply for the Mahapola Scholarship provided that they fulfill the
requirements mentioned below.
How do I apply?
Department of Social Studies will send the applications with the guidelines to eligible
students.
University Bursary
Who can apply?
Students who successfully complete Level III of the BA Degree Programme are
eligible to apply for a University Bursary.
How do I apply?
Department of Social Studies will send the applications with the guidelines to the
eligible students.
How do I apply?
Department of Social Studies will send the application with the guidelines to the
eligible students. For all inquiries with regard to scholarships contact:
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Assessment and Evaluation
There are two types of assessments at the OUSL. They are namely,
Continuing Assessments (CA) and Final Examinations.
Final Examinations
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Careers for Social Science Graduates
At the SSD we believe that social sciences are an integral part of the higher
education system, and that social science graduates are valuable assets to the
country. Social Science education provides you with a broad and humanistic
outlook on life. It gives you a critical perspective and a set of skills to intervene
meaningfully on issues connected with the world around you.
These are some career paths that are open to you as well. You might already be
working in one of these sectors and wanting to enhance your career. Or you might
be looking for an opportunity to switch careers and go into something new. Or you
might be a school leaver, just about to start your professional career. As you can
see, there are many options available to you with an undergraduate or postgraduate
training in the social sciences.
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Courses Offered
This section describes the different programmes offered by the Social
Studies Department.
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Certificate in Social Sciences
This is a beginner or entry level study programme offered by the SSD which covers a
wide range of subjects such as Economics, Sociology, Mass Communication,
Political Science, History, Geography, Law and Management. It is an entry point for
those wishing to further their education to graduate levels at OUSL and elsewhere.
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What is the course structure?
LEVEL 01 LEVEL 02
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Certificate in Tourism and Hotel
Operations
To meet the demand in the human resource requirement of the
expanding tourism industry, the Open University of Sri Lanka offers a
short course to introduce the basic concepts in tourism and hotel
operations. At the end of this three months course the students are
awarded a Certificate of Participation once they fulfil the practical
component.
Applicants should:
Be over 18 years of age
Have the ability to follow the course in the English language.
The mode of teaching will be through printed course materials and face
to face lectures. The course is mainly offered at the Colombo Regional
Centre, Nawala. Other centres may be considered provided at least a
minimum of 15 students register.
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What are the assessment and evaluation criteria?
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Diploma in Youth Development
The Diploma in Youth Development is a Programme offered by the Open University
of Sri Lanka (OUSL) in collaboration with the Commonwealth Youth Programme
(CYP), United Kingdom, and the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Skills Development,
Sri Lanka. The programme is rooted in a special resolution of the Commonwealth
Inter-Ministerial Conference on Youth Affairs and is inspired by the principles of
enabling, empowering and ensuring which are fundamental to youth work. This
programme builds the foundation needed for professionalism in youth work and is
offered through the Commonwealth Universities in the Asia-Pacific, Caribbean and
African regions.
Scholarships
Selected students will be granted a special scholarship offered by NYSC. For more
information, contact the coordinator.
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What are the future benefits?
The Department is in the process of revising and upgrading this programme. Very
soon, we will be offering a new degree programme in Youth Studies.
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BA in Social Sciences
The BA in Social Sciences is a multi-disciplinary degree offered in the
English medium. It gives you the opportunity to obtain a multi-disciplinary
social science training while also selecting an area of special focus.
Students who register for the BA can choose from the following areas of
focus:
Communication Studies
Communication Studies equip you to insightfully understand the role of
human communication in the development process from individual to
institutional levels. The discipline enables you to analyse how the
communication process affects the quality of life within a given social
system, proactively or reactively, impacting on the quality of human
freedom and one‟s capacity to empower others with thoughts and
actions.
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Politics and International Studies
Politics and International Studies offer courses that guide and enable you
to understand the complexities of national, global and societal politics.
With conceptual exposure to the science and art of politics, you will
become an astute observer of your society, governments and political
systems around the world. You will also begin to think politically and
reflect critically about politics. Subjects explored in this stream include
politics and governance; political ideologies; gender and politics; cyber
politics; politics under globalization; international political economy;
conflict, war and peace; political violence; security; world politics; and
political theory. This is an excellent platform if you are interested in the
systematic study of politics, political processes, political behavior and
values, political institutions, global politics; and politics at the level of
government, society and citizens.
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When do I have to select the area of focus I want to follow?
You have to select your area of focus at the time of registration. The detailed
curriculum of the BA programme is provided in this prospectus. Please read it
carefully and select the area, which you would like to focus during your BA degree.
www.ou.ac.lk
The Open University of Sri Lanka (OUSL) has launched a programme known as
StART@OUSL (Student Academic Readiness Training). All students of the OUSL
who wish to enrol in a programme of study leading to a degree should undergo this
three-month training programme. This programme is conducted by the career
guidance unit of the Open University. The programme is conducted twice a year
starting in September and March.
The fee for the StART@OUSL programme will be 7,500/= (payable in two instalments)
Example: SSU1221 is a six credit course. To take this course you have
to pay (6 X Rs.970). That is Rs.5820/=.
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Gold Medals
Students who perform well in the BA Degree in Social Sciences are eligible for the
following Gold Medals at the end of the programme. These are awarded annually at
the University Convocation.
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MA in Development Studies and
Public Policy
This is a collaborative programme of the Open University of Sri Lanka and Marga
Institute. The OUSL in collaboration with the Marga Institute offers the Master of Arts
(MA) in Development Studies and Public Policy. Marga Institute is a non-profit centre
for development research and advocacy established in 1972 on a private initiative of
a group of public officers, academics and professionals. This is a programme of
minimum two years duration. If you would like to follow a career in the fields of policy
analysis, administration, development and in the humanitarian sector or if you are
already working in these sectors and wish to advance your career, this programme
offers you knowledge and research skills from a multi-disciplinary approach to
development. Drawing on the academic and professional experience and expertise
of the two institutions, the MA in Development Studies and Public Policy offers you a
unique post-graduate study programme in the distance mode.
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Master of Philosophy (MPhil) and
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
The MPhil/ PhD programme at the The minimum duration of the
Department of Social Studies is MPhil programme is two years and
open to those who have PhD programme will be three
completed a Master‟s Degree in years.
the field of Social Sciences. Both
The research proposal should be
programmes carry a thesis as the
in line with the research interests
main component of assessment.
of the senior staff of the
The candidates seeking admission department. Please go through
to the MPhil/PhD programme the staff profile for information
should submit a research proposal regarding the individual research
in 2000 words indicating the interests of the staff.
background of the research,
literature review and intended There is no deadline for
methodology to the Research enrolment.
Degree Coordinator of the
Department of Social Studies.
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How do I Apply?
Firstly, you will need to purchase an application form, fill it and send it to
us.
If you are selected for the BA Study Programme you will be invited for a
“Pre-registration Orientation Programme”. At that programme you will
learn more details of your study programme and how you register for the
programme. It is very important that you attend the Pre-Registration
Orientation Programme since you will be given a lot of information that is
necessary for you to make the decision whether to register for the BA
study programme or not and which courses to select within the „areas of
focus‟ that are offered. Please note that we strongly recommend that you
attend the “Pre-registration Orientation Programme” prior to registering
for the BA Programme.
What is registration?
Registration is when your study programme with the OUSL officially starts!
Registration documents along with a payment voucher stating the course fee will be
sent to you prior to registration. You will also be notified as to the dates on which
you can register for the programme. You can pay the course fee to the nearest
People‟s Bank branch or online prior to registration. You can make the payment in
two instalments:
All payments matters will be handled by the Finance Division of the Open University
of Sri Lanka.
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Where can I register?
You will be invited to an OUSL centre close to where you live to register for the study
programme that you wish to follow. At registration, you can select the courses you
want to follow for that year. The academic staff of the SSD will be available to
provide you with academic counselling – that is, they will help you to decide how to
choose your courses and how many courses you should register for in that year.
After you register and you make the payments for the courses that you have
selected, you can collect your course materials. You can collect your course
materials for the relevant academic year from the Book Distribution Centre. This is a
very important part of your registration process.
Well, you will also be invited at registration for the Orientation Programme. The
Orientation Programme will provide you with more detailed and specific information
about your study programme. You will get to meet your lecturers and you can clarify
any questions you have with them or the other staff of the department regarding your
study programme. You will also be shown the other support facilities that are
available to you such as the library services and career guidance unit.
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SINHALA TRANSLATION
41
Tn fï ms<sn|j oekqj;aj isáhdo@
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újD; yd ÿria: wOHdmkh ms<sn| ye¢kaùula
iriú jrï fkd,o jeäÿr wOHdmkh i|yd Wkkaÿjla olajk jhi wjq 18g
jeä ´kEu mqrjeishl=g újD; úYajúoHd,h iu. tlaj újD; yd ÿria:
wOHdmk l%uh ;=<ska ;u wOHdmk b,lal imqrd .; yels fõ' fuys§ msßkuk
mdGud,djka i|yd mj;sk YsIH b,a¨u u; mdGud,djkaf.a .=Kd;aul yd
l<ukdlrKh l%uj;aj mj;ajd .ekSu i|yd f;dard.;a mdGud,djka lsysmhla
i|yd whÿïlrejkg m%fõY úNd.i|yd fmkS isàug wjYH fõ'
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Èk mdie,a hkq fudkjdo@
uqøs; lshùï ;=<ska u;=jk .eg¨ idlÉPd lsÍug isiqkg ,efnk wjia:dj Èk
mdie,a h' isiqkg ;u úIh yd iïnkaO wpd¾hjreka iuÕ wka;¾ ls%hdldÍj
lghq;= lsÍug Èk mdie,aj, § wjia:dj ,efnhs' fuys§ mdGud,djkag wod,
úIhkaf.a m%ùK;ajh u; úIhNdr wdpd¾hjreka ks¾foaY lr we;s w;r
Tjqkaf.a wkqoekqu yd iïnkaêlrKh u; m;al< ndysr lÓldpd¾hjreka iEu
m%foaYSh yd wOHhk uOHia:dkhlu wOHhk lghq;= fufyhjkq ,nhs'
iEuúgu kdj, m%Odk uOHia:dkfha mj;sk .=Kd;aulNdjh iEu m%dfoaYSh
uOHia:dkhlu mj;ajd .ekSug fuu l%ufõoh Ndú;d lrkq ,efí' Èk mdi,a
hkq idïm%odhsl foaYk Yd,djla fkdfjhs' tu.ska úIhdnoaO .eg¨ ms<sn|j
wka;¾ ls%hdldÍ idlÉPd we;s úh hq;= hs' fndfyda wjia:djka ys § uqøs; lshùï
rpkh l< wpd¾hjreka Tng Èk mdie,a j, § yuqùfï yelshdj mj;S' Èk
mdi,aj,g meñKSu wksjd¾h fkdfjhs' flfia kuq;a ks;sm;d Èk mdi,a fj;
meñKSu ;=<ska isiqkaf.a wOHhk OdÍ;djh fmdaIKh jkq we;' tu ksid Èk
mdi,aj,g iyNd.S ùu ;=<ska Wmßu m%;sM, w;alr .ekSug isiqka Wkkaÿ lsÍu
isÿfjhs' Èk mdie,a ;=<§ wod, wdpd¾hjreka iu. úIhg iïnkaO ´kEu
.eg¨jla idlÉPd l< yels w;r iDcqju fld<U uOHia:dkfha úIhNdr
wdpd¾hjre yuqùug wjYH kï fõ,djka fjkalr .ekSulska Tjqka yuq úh
yelsh'
www.ou.ac.lk
iudc wOHhk fomd¾;fïka;=j ms<sn|j ye¢kaùula
iudc wOHhk fomd¾;fïka;=j YS% ,xld újD; úYajúoHd,fha ^YS%','ú'ú& udkj
yd Ydia;% mSGhg wh;a jkakd jQ Ydia;Sh
% wOHhk tallhls' wd¾Ól úoHdj"
iudc úoHdj yd foaYmd,k úoHdj" ckikaksfõokh jeks úIh lafIa;%hka
;=<ska nyq úIhSl wOHdmkhla ,ndfoñka ixj¾Okh iy m%;sm;a;s wOHhk
lafIa;%h fj; úoHd¾:hska fufyhjñka mD:q, ld¾hNdrhla bIaG lrhs'
fuf,i olajk uq,sl úIh lafIa;%hka ;=<ska yd ta yd ine¢ wfkl=;a úIhka
;=<ska ,ndfok oekqu yd l=i,;d wkqidrfhka iudchg j.lsj hq;= mqrjeishka
njg isiqkaj yev.iajk w;r tu iún, .ekaùu ;=<ska cd;sl ixj¾Okhg
isÿjk odhl;ajhg o úYd, .=Kd;aul n,mEula isÿ lrhs'
fomd¾;fïka;=j u.ska msßkukq ,nk fndfyda mdGud,djka ;=<ska iïm%odhsl
úYajúoHd, wOHdmk rgdfjka neyerj ish oekqu yd l=i,;djhka Tmakxjd
.ekSug wfmalaId lrk fndfyda msßila ^újD; yd ÿria: bf.kqï ^ODL& udOH
;=<ska& fj; fiajh ie,fia'
YS% ,xld újD; úYajúoHd,h ÿria: wOHdmkh YS% ,xldjg y÷kajd §fï
mqfrda.dñhd jk w;r oekg jir 30lg jvd ld,hla mqrd tu fiajh oehg
i,iñka isá hs' fuu È.= ld,h mqrd úúO fya;= idOl fya;f = jka wOHdmkfha
iu wjia:djka .s,syS .sh fndfyda fofkla fj; wOHdmkh ,nd.ekSu h:d¾hla
njg m;a lsÍug YS%,xúú lghq;= lr ;sfí'újD; yd ÿria: wOHdmkfha uq,sl
wfmalaIdj jkqfha ld,h" ÿr iy wfkl=;a fndfyda lreKq fya;=fldg f.k
bf.kqï ls%hdj,sfh ys ksr;ùug ndOd mj;sk YsIHhka fj; wOHdmkh
,nd.ekSu myiq lsÍu hs' iïm%odhsl wOHdmk rgdj ;=< § isiqjdg mka;s ldurh
;=< § ;u meñKSu mj;ajd .ekSu wksjd¾h jk kuq;a újD; yd ÿria:
wOHdmkh ;=<ska iajhx wOHhkh fj; isiqjd fhduq lrhs' fuys § lshùï i|yd
wjYH f,aLK iy nyq udOH iïm;a ,nd fok w;r ta ;=<ska Tnf.a ksji fj;
u wOHdmkh /f.k taula isÿjk nj lsj yel' isiqkag lsishï jD;a;Shuh
ld¾hhl ksr;jk w;r;=r § u iudc wOHhk fomd¾;=fïka;j = u.ska újD; yd
ÿria: udÈ,sfhka f.fkkq ,nk wOHdmk ls%hdj,sfhys ksr;ùug wjldY
,efnhs' wms Tng b;du;a úYsIag wkaoñka ,shjqkq mdvï tall wvx.= fudähq,
,ndfok w;r u jvd;a kuHYS,S iy iqjmyiq wdldrfhka wOHdmkh ,eîug
wjYH nyq udOH myiqlï imhkafkuq' iuyr mdGud,d i|yd wjia:dkQrEmj
mka;s ldur foaYk iy .=re isiq wka;¾ ls%hdldÍ;ajhka fiau we.hSï o wm
wOHhk uOHia:dkh ;=<ska ls%hd;aul fjhs' kdj, msysá wmf.a m%Odk
mqia;ld,h ;=< isiqkag wjYH lrk m%udKd;aul mqia;ld, myiqlï iïmdokh
lr we;' isiqkag ;ukag wjYH úfgl § ;u lÓldpd¾h uvq,, a iuÕ ÿrl:k
iy B fu,a ud¾.fhka in|;d meje;aúh yels fiau ´kEu úfgl § uq,sl
oekqï §ulska miqj meñK yuqùug o yelsh'
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wm n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkafka@
úúO wOHdmk miqìula iys; tfy;a iudc úoHd wxYfha ;u jD;a;sh .uk
bÈßhg f.k hkakg reÑl;ajh olajk" lemùulska wOHhk lghq;= i|yd
ksr;ùug iQodkï foia úfoia whÿïlrejkg wm wOHhk wxYh yd tlaùug
wdrdOkd flf¾'
újD; úYajúoHd,fha mdGud,d i|yd we;=<;aùu i|yd whÿï lsÍfï mámdáhla
mj;sk w;r ,shdmÈxÑùu i|yd whÿïlrejka th wkq.ukh l< hq;= fõ'
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mdGud,djg wh;a iuyr úIh tallhka yeoEÍfuka
ksoyiaùug isiqkag yelso@
mdGud,dj i|yd ,shdmÈxÑ jk wjia:dfõ § úYajúoHd, ikd:k iNdjg ms<s.;
yels iqÿiqlï bÈßm;a lsÍfuka mdGud,djg wh;a iuyr úIhhka yeoEÍfuka
ksoyia ùug iqÿiqlï u; isiqkag wjia:dj ie,fia'
fuu mdGud,dj id¾:lj yodrd ksu lrk isiqkag wjYH kï fomd¾;=fuka;=j u.ska
msßkukq ,nk ;reK ixj¾Ok lghq;= ms<sn| ämaf,daud mdGud,djg iDcqju m%fõYh
,nd.; yelsh'
fuu mdGud,dj iïmQ¾K lsÍu YS%','ú'ú' l<ukdlrK Wmdêh yd kS;s Wmdêh i|yd
isiqka f;dard .ekSug mj;ajkq ,nk újD; ;rÕ úNd.hkag uqyqK §ug wjYH
iqÿiqlï imqrhs'
uÜgu 2
SSC2311 - foaYmd,k úoHdfõ uq,sldx.
SSC2312 - wd¾Ól úoHdfõ uQ,sldx.
SSC2313 - ckikaksfõokh ye|skaùu
SSC2314 - iudc úoHdfõ moku
47
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;reK ixj¾Okh ms<sn| ämaf,daud mdGud,dj
YS% ,xld újD; úYajúoHd,h fuu mdGud,dj msßkukq ,nkafka fmdÿ rdcH
uKav,Sh ;reK jevigyk" ^tlai;a rdcOdksh& yd fh!jk lghq;= iy
ksmqk;d ixj¾Okh ms<sn| wud;HdxYfha ^YS% ,xldj& taldnoaO;djfhks' th
ff;%hsmd¾Yùh iyfhda.S;djhlska hq;= j bÈßm;a lrkq ,nk mdGud,djls'
c;Hka;rj ms<s.ekSulg ,laj we;s fuu mdGud,dj tlai;a rdcOdksfha fmdÿ
rdcH uKav,Sh ld¾hd,h yd taldnoaOj iudc wOHhk fomd¾;=fuka;=j u.ska
msßkukq ,nkafka cd;sl ixj¾Ok ld¾h i|yd wjYH flfrk yd wm iudcfha
b;du;a u ;SrKd;aul msßila úiska wjYH flfrk mdGud,djla jYfhka yd
ixl,amSh iy ksmqk;d mdol lr.;a n,i;=lrKh ;=<ska ;dreKHfha
úNj;djhka WmßulrKh lsÍfï mrud¾:fhks' ;reK iïnkaO;d ms<sn|j
fmdÿ rdcH uKav,Sh wka;¾ wud;H iuq¿fõ úfYAI fhdackd iïu; lsÍu ;=<
fhdackd jQ fuu mdGud,dj ;reK ls%hdldÍ;ajh i|yd uq,slju wjYH flfrk
yelshdj ,nd§u yd n,jka; lsÍu hk uq,O¾u u; msysgd ie,iqï lrkq ,en
we;' ;reK ixj¾Ok ls%hdldÍ;ajh i|yd wjYH flfrk jD;a;Shuh Ndjh
ms<sn| uq,sl moku fuu mdGud,dj ;=<ska f.fkkq ,nk w;r wdishd
Ydka;slr" leßìhdkq iy wms%ldkq l,dmfha fmdÿrdcH uKav,Sh úYajúoHd,
;=<ska fuu mdGud,dj msßkukq ,efí'
fuu mdGud,dj yodrk isiqka yg wdrïN lsÍug kshñ; ;reK lghq;=
iïnkaO Wmdê mdGud,djlg we;=,aùug wjldYh ysñfõ' tfukau fuu
mdGud,dj yodrk isiqkaf.ka f;dard.;a msßilg YsIHh;ajhla m%Odkh lsÍug
lghq;= i,id we;'
mdGud,dfõ wNsu;d¾: fudkjdo@
wka;¾ cd;sl jYfhka iqúfYaIs jD;a;Shuh ;;ajhla ;reK ls%hdldrSlhska yg
,nd.ekSug wjYH lrkakd jq jD;a;Shuh iqúfYaIS;djhla ,nd.ekSu iy;sl lsÍu'
ls%hdldÍ lafIa;%fhys ksr; jQjka yg Wmdê iy mYapd;a Wmdê mdGud,d ;=<g msúi
cd;sl ixj¾Ok lafIa;%hg wod<j wOHdmkh ,eîug yels ;;ajhla we;s lsÍu'
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mdGud,dj i|yd we;=<;a ùug wjYH flfrk iqÿiqlï
fudkjd o@
whÿïlrejka jhi wjqreÿ 18 fyda Bg jeä úh hq;= w;r my; i|yka
iqÿiqlïj,ska tlla fyda imqrd ;sîu m%udKj;ah'
49
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fojk jir
mdGud,d .dia;= (-
iEu jirlu jdßl follska mdGud,d .dia;= f.úh yel' wka;¾ cd;sl isiqka i|yd mdGud,d
.dia;=j isõ .=Khla ^4& jkq we;'
50
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ixpdrl iy fydag,a fufyhqï ms<sn| iy;sl m;% mdGud,dj
fuh mdi,a yer .sh wh fjkqfjka ks¾udKh l< ff;%hu s disl ^udi 03&
fláld,Sk mdGud,djla jk w;r Tjqkag ixpdrl iy fydag,a fufyhqï
lafIa;%h ms<sn|j wjYH lrk oekqu yd m%dfhda.sl mqyqKqj uq,sl uÜgul §
b;du;a iykodhS .dia;=jla hgf;a ,nd§u isÿflf¾' oekgu;a ixpdrl
l¾udka; lafIa;%fha ksr; ù isák mqoa.,hska yg ish oekqu iy l=i,;djhka
j¾Okh lr.ekSug fuu mdGud,dj b;du;a m%fhdackj;a fõ'
mdGud,dfõ wNsu;d¾: fudkjd o@
ixpdrl iy fydag,a fufyhqï lafIa;%h ;=< isiqka yg uq,sl uÜgul § mqyqKqj ,nd§u
51
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whÿï l< hq;= wdldrh
mdGud,djkag wod, whÿïm;a ñ, § f.k wm fj; ,eîug ie,eiaúh hq;= fõ'
whÿïm;a ,nd .; yelafla flfiao@
,shdmÈxÑh iu. Tn úYajúoHd, YsIHhl= f,i ie,flk w;r" fm<fmd;a ,nd .ekSu iu.u Tnf.a
wOHhk lghq;= wdrïN l< hq;= fõ'
52
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,shdmÈxÑ ùfuka wk;=rej
mdGud,djka wdrïN lsÍug fmr ta i|yd iudrïNl W;aijhla
meje;afõ' tu Èkh ,shdmÈxÑ jk wjia:dfõ§ ,nd foa' iudrïNl
Wf<f,a § Tng mdGud,djkg wod, lÓldpd¾hjreka yuqúh yels
w;r tys§ mdGud,djg wod, ish¨ f;dr;=re yd .eg¨ idlÉPd
flf¾'
53
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TAMIL TRANSLATION
54
ePq;fs; mwpe;jpUf;fpd;wPu;fsh?
,yq;if Njrpa gy;fiyf;fofq;fspy; xd;whf ,yq;if jpwe;j
gy;fiyf;fofk; jpfo;fpwJ vd;gjid Vw;fdNt ePq;fs; mwpe;jpUg;gPu;fs;.
Mdhy; gpd;tUk; tplaq;fs; gw;wp ePq;fs; mwpe;jpUf;fpd;wPu;fsh?
55
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jpwe;j njhiyJ}u fw;wy; Kiw gw;wpa tpsf;fk;
,yq;if jpwe;j gy;fiyf;fofj;jpid ‘jpwe;jJ’ vd;W nrhy;tJ Vd;?
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rhu;e;j fw;wy; Kiwikf;Fk; ehk; Cf;Ftpg;G toq;Ffpd;Nwhk;. cq;fSf;fhd
cWJizahdhJ gpd;tUk; tplaq;fis cs;slf;Ffpd;wJ!
,yq;if jpwe;j gy;fiyf;fofj;jpd; tpNrlj;Jtkpf;f ghlnewp FOtpdhy;
vOj;JUthf;fk; ngw;W mr;R tbtpy; mikag;ngw;w ghlnewp E}y;fs;
fl;Gy - nrtpGy rhjdq;fs;
tiyj;jstop %yk; mike;j fw;if epfo;rr
; pfs;
ckJ tpupTiuahsfSld; Neubahf Clhl;lj;jpid Nkw;nfhs;s
mikf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk; ehl;ghlrhiyfSk; kw;Wk; fUj;juq;FfSk;
vg;NghJ ePq;fs; ,q;F gjpT nra;fpwPu;fNsh md;W cq;fs; fw;if newpf;fhf ghl
newpE}y;fSk; fl;Gy - nrtpGy rhjdq;fSk; toq;fg;gLfpd;wd. rpy fw;if newpfs;
KOikahd tiyj;jstop %yk; mike;Js;sd. ,jid vq;fdk; gad;gLj;jy;
gw;wpa mwptWj;jy;fSk; cq;fSf;F toq;fg;gLk;.
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ghlnewp E}y;fs; vd;why; vd;d?
vk;NkhL khztuhf ,izj;Jf;nfhs;Sk; ePq;fs; vOj;JU tbtpy; mike;j ghlnewp
E}y;fis ngw;Wf;nfhs;tPu;fs;. ,it ‘mr;Rg;gjpg;G cUtpyike;j Mrpupau;’ vd ,J
toq;fg;gLfpd;wJ. ,t;tifahd khjpupahdJ kuGtop gy;fiyf;foq;fspy; cs;s
tpupTiuahsu;fSf;F
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njhlu;fy;tp ghlnewpfs; vd;why; vd;d?
khztu;fs; njhlu; fw;wy; epfo;r;rpf;F gjpT nra;fpd;w NghJ mtu;fSf;F ,e;j
njhlu;fy;tp ghl newpfs; toq;fg;gLfpd;wd. ve;j ghlJiwapy; jkJ mwpit
tpupthf;fk; nra;a khztu;fs; tpUg;Gfpwhu;fNsh mtu;fs; mj;jifa ghl newpfis
njupT nra;J fw;wiyj; njhluKbAk;. cjhuzkhf r%f tpQ;Qhdj;jpy;
fiykhdpg;gl;lg;gbg;gpid Nkw;nfhs;Sk; khztu;fSf;fhf mwptpaypd; jj;Jtk;
(Philosophy of science),nkd;jpwd; (Soft skills),r%f ey;ypzf;fk; (Social harmony)
Kjypa njhlu; fy;tp ghlnewpfs; toq;fg;gLfpd;wd. rpy fw;if epfo;r;rpfSf;F ,t;
njhlu;fy;tp ghlnewpfSs; rpy fl;lha ghlnewpfshf mikfpd;wd.
www.ou.ac.lk
cjhuzkhf nkhj;jkhf 36 kjpg;gPl;L Gs;spf;F ePqf
; s; gjpT nra;tPu;fNsahdhy; ePqf
; s;
cq;fsJ fw;wYf;fhf xU fpoikf;F 28 kzpj;jpahyq;fis xJf;fNtz;bapUf;Fk;. vdNt
fw;wYf;fhd Nkw;$wg;gl;l tifapy; mike;j fhy mtfhrk; cq;fSila
Ntiyg;gSitAk; xj;Jr;nry;Yk; tifapy; mike;Js;sjh vd;gjid ePq;fs; jPu;khdpf;f
Ntz;bapUf;fpwJ.
khztu; tho;if
60
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Vida ,ju nraw;ghLfs;
,g; gy;fiyf;fofk; Vida ,ju nraw;ghLfisAk; Mw;Wfpd;wJ. cjhuzkhf r%f
fw;iffs; JiwahdJ gy;NtWgl;l fUj;juq;Ffs;> Ngr;Rf;fs;> tPbNah gl fhl;rpfs;
vd;gtw;iw elhj;Jfpd;wd. ,it rfy khztu;fSf;Fk; fpilf;ff; $ba jpwe;j xU
tha;g;ghFk;. ,J rk;ge;jkhd mwpTWj;jy;fs;> gpuRuq;fs; Mfpad r%f
fw;iffs;Jiw tpsk;gu gyifapYk; gy;fiyf;fof ,izaj;jsj;jpYk;
mwptpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
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,j;njupT guPl;irf;F Njhw;wpa gpd;du; vd;d eilngWfpwJ?
ePq;fs; fiykhdp gl;lg;gbg;gpw;F njupT nra;ag;gl;lhy; gjpT nra;jYf;F Kd;ghf
elhj;jg;gLk; Muk;gepfo;T xd;wpw;F ePq;fs; miof;fg;gLtPu;fs;. ,e;j epfo;tpy;
vt;thW ,f;fw;if newpf;F gjptpid Nkw;nfhs;sy; Nghd;w gy tpupthd jfty;fis
mwpe;J nfhs;tPu;fs;. fw;if newp njhlu;ghd gy jfty;fs; cq;fSf;F
toq;fg;gl;bUg;gpDk; ,e;j epfo;tpy; gq;F gw;WjyhdJ kpfTk; Kf;fpakhdnjhd;W.
fhuzk; ,f;fiykhdp gl;lg;gbg;gpw;F ePu; cq;fis gjpT nra;J nfhs;syhkh?
my;yJ ,y;iyah? vd;gjid KbTnra;tjw;Fk; r%f tpQ;Qhdj;jpy; fhzg;gLk;
gy;NtWgl;l fw;ifnewpfSf;Fs;Ns ve;j fw;if newpapid njupT nra;ayhk;
Kjyhdtw;iw jPu;khdpf;f KbfpwJ.
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gjptpid Nkw;nfhs;s tUk;NghJ vj;jifa Mtzq;fis ehk; nfhz;LtuNtz;Lk;.
2. flTr;rl
P ;L mstpyhd 3 Gifg;gl gpujpfs;.
63
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