Pressure reducing valve:

Pressure reducing valve is used in a circuit where two working pressures required. It gives reduced
pressure to secondary line and reduced pressure to secondary line.

Pressure relief valve:

Relief valve is used to control and regulate the pressure in hydraulic system. The valve can be
classified in two categories:

i) Direct acting relief valve

ii) Pilot operated relief valve

iii) Remote pilot operated relief valve

iv) Solenoid operated pilot operated relief valve

v) Unloading relief valve

Unloading relief valve:

Unloading valve is used when two pumps are used at a time. One high flow and low pressure and
second low flow high pressure. Unloading relief valve is connected to low pressure pump.

Second most important application of unloading valve is charging accumulator. Pump keeps on
charging accumulator and when accumulator reaches its full pressure, the piston in vent port of
unloading relief valve senses the pressure and unload full discharge of pump to tank.

Sequence valve:

The sequence valve is used to operate the hydraulic cylinder in sequence. For example in case of
press machine the job clamping is done before pressing. Therefore clamping cylinder is operated first
and then ram cylinder, in this case sequence valve is used. This operation can also be possible by
using two DC valve but its expensive way.

Directional Control valve:

Directional control valve is used to control the direction of flow in a circuit.

The two primary characteristics for selecting a directional-control valve are the number of fluid ports
and the number of directional states, or positions, the valve can achieve.
Figure 1: 4 Port, 3-way DC valve.

Back Pressure Valve:

Back Pressure valve is used to maintain the back pressure in the circuit.

Counter balance valve:

To prevent free falls of piston in vertical bale press machine this valve is used.

Flow control valve:

Also called needle valve is used to control the speed of actuators (Cylinders or motor).

Types of needle valves:

i) Meter-in-circuit: Controls the flow of fluid going into cylinder

ii) Meter-out-circuit : Controls the flow of oil coming out of cylinder

iii) Bleed-off-circuit: In case of bleed-off-circuit, we by-pass some of the oil coming to the cylinder
to tank to control the speed of cylinder

iv) Non-pressure compensation : Throttle compensation

v) Pressure compensated :

Check valve:

Check valve is one way direction control valve. It allows flow in one direction while blocking flow in
other direction.

Pilot operated check valve: Pilot operated check valve is similar to simple check valve. But this valve
can also allow reverse flow if it is supplied with pilot pressure to lift the poppet. These types of valves
are used to hold and lock the cylinder under pressure and release the pressure by providing pilot
pressure to valve when it is not required.

Pressure compensation:

Flow control valve are those control valve in which flow through the valve remains fixed irrespective of
the working pressure of pump or actuators.

Non-Pressure compensated:

In case of non-pressure compensated type flow control valve flow across flow control valve do not
remains fixed but changes with pressure.