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Unit 1 Differentiations
Unit 1 Differentiations
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑥 derivatives
1.1 Differentiation of polynomials
y dy
dx
1. c 0
2. kx k
3. xn nxn-1
4. axn anxn-1
So far we differentiate polynomial expressions. For example,
𝑑𝑦
y = x4 + 3 = 4x3
𝑑𝑥
We can also differentiate if it written as a function. For example,
or
f(x) = x4 + 3 f’(x) = 4x3
𝑑𝑦
The two statements y = x4 + 3 and = 4x3 can be combined and written
𝑑𝑥
as a single statement that imply we need to differentiate. For example,
𝑑
(x4 + 3) = 4x3
𝑑𝑥
y
1. c 0
2. kx k
3. xn nxn-1
dy
Find of the following polynomials. 4. axn anxn-1
dx
a) y2 d) y 3x 6
b) y 8 e) y
3 3
x
1 5
c) y 7
3 f) y 6 x 3
y
1. c 0
2. kx k
3. xn nxn-1
1
a) f ( x) x 4 d) f ( x)
2x 2
x4
b) f ( x) e) f ( x) x
8
4
c) f ( x) 2
x
EXAMPLE 1.3
a) y 2x 2 x
b) y 3x 4 4 x 3 x
c) y x 3 2x 2 5 x 7
2 4
d) y x5 x3 2
5 x
1.2 Differentiation of trigonometric function
FORMULA
EXAMPLE 1.4
d
sinx cos x
Differentiate each of the following with respect to x : dx
d
cos x sinx
a) y sin x b) y 2 tan x c) y 2 sin x 3 cos x dx
d) y sin 2 x
3
e) y tan 3x 1
d
tan x sec2 x
dx
d
sin u cos u d u
dx dx
d
cos u sin u d u
dx dx
d
tan u sec2 u d u
dx dx
1.3 Differentiation of exponential function
dx
d x
e ex
Differentiate each of the following with respect to x :
d u u d
e e u
a) y 3e x b) y e3 x
dx dx
c) y e 2 x 1
1.4 Differentiation of logarithmic function
FORMULA
d
ln x 1
EXAMPLE 1.6 dx x
a) y 3 ln x b) y lnx 4
c)
y ln 3 x 2 d) y ln2x 1
Differentiate the following functions.
2
a) y 3sin x b) y cos x
5
c) y cos 2x d) y cos2 x
1
e) y 6 tan x f) y tan6 5x
3
g) y sin1 3 x
1
h) y cos x 4 sin5x
3
1
i) y 8 tan x 2 j) y sin4x 2
4
DIFFERENTIATION
Technique of Differentiation
QUIZ (4 minutes)
Find the derivatives of the following
functions
x2
1. f(x) = + π − 5x
4
2. f(x) = esin 4x
4
3. f(x) = 5 ln ( x – 7 )
5
answer
x
1. f'(x) = − 5
2
sin 4x
2. f'(x) = 4 (cos 4x) e
4
3. f'(x) =
(4 x – 7 )
5
Techniques of Differentiation
product rule
y’ = vu’ + uv’
y = uv
dy dy du
chain rule = ×
y = f(u) and u = f(x) dx du dx
Product rule : y = uv
Example
i. y = x2 (3x5 – 2x)
y = uv
y’ = vu’ + uv’ ii. y = (x2+3x)(3x – 2)
iii. y = x2 cos x
iv. y = ex sin x
v. y = tan x (ln x)
u
Quotient rule : y =
v
Example
x2 u
i. y= y=
(3x5 – 2x) v
x2 vu′ − uv′
ii. y=
sin 2x y=
cosx v2
iii. y=
e2x
tanx
iv. y=
ln x
8x
v. y=
ln x
Chain rule : y = f(u)
If • Example