TDW3431 Digital Watermarking Trimester 1, 2014/2015

Tutorial 4
(Lecture 4)

1. Differentiate direct message coding from multisymbol message coding.

2. Discuss the key issue of designing message marks.

3. Define “good code separation” in your own words, if linear correlation is used as the detection metric.

4. Modulation can be performed in a variety of ways, including time-division multiplexing, space-

division multiplexing, frequency-division multiplexing, and code-division multiplexing. Describe
each of these modulation techniques using your own words.

5. Suggest a way to spatially embed a sequence of four symbols into an image of 512 by 512 pixels.

6. Describe the general purposes of error correction coding in your own words.

7. Decoding a trellis-coded message is a matter of finding the most likely path through the trellis. This
can be found efficiently using an algorithm known as a Viterbi decoder. Describe the Viterbi
algorithm.