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TMCP (Lecture)
TMCP (Lecture)
(Accelerated Cooling).
TMCP
Thermo Mechanical Controlled Processing
20μm 5μm
• Line pipe steels are strongly required for pressurized fluid transportation
over long distance.
• The innovative pipeline steel API X80, API X100 and API X120 newly
developed are considering for the new generation of line pipe steels.
• The technical requirements of these steels are the finest combination of
various properties; it includes
i. high strength,
ii. low temperature better toughness,
iii. yield ratio,
iv. high weldability,
v. superior H2S corrosion resistance,
vi. resistance to Hydrogen Induced Cracking (HIC) and
vii.better fatigue behavior etc.
Introduction to Line Pipe Steel…Cont
The A steel rolled in the single phase region consists of acicular ferrite
(AF) and granular bainite (GB), with the presence of a small amount of
martensite–austenite constituent (MA) .
The C steel, X80 steel rolled in the single phase region, consists of AF and
UB, with a small amount of MA. Table 3 summarizes the basic
microstructures of the three steels and the volume fraction of secondary
phases, such as MA and cementite.
• EBSD = Electron Backscattered Diffraction
Example-2
The slab was reheated at 1180 ◦C for 2.5 h and then rolled in two stages;
rough rolling and finish rolling followed by accelerated cooling and then
slow cooling to simulate the coiling process.
Conventional
TMCP UFG
rolling
Advantages and technical problems
involved in ultrafine grain steels
・ Japan
1) Ferrous Super Metal Project
2) STX 21
・ China
・ Korea HIPERS 21
(1) Objective:
Ultra refinement of grain size under 1μm,
in carbon/low alloy steel
(2) Key technology:
Large-strain deformation higher than 50% per pass
(3) Fund:
$ 15M for 1997 - 2001 from Japanese
government
(4) Participants:
Nippon Steel, NKK, Kawasaki Steel,
Sumitomo Metal Industries, Kobe Steel
Three types of
large-strain deformation
Conventional TMCP
Ar3
Ar1
Ar3 Ac3
Ac1
Ar3 Ar1
Ar1
Some interesting metallurgical phenomena caused by heavy deformation has been found
out
1) Strain assisted low temperature diffusional transformation
2) Spontaneous reverse transformation due to adiabatic deformation heating
End of Lecture