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Time Rate of Consolidation PDF
Time Rate of Consolidation PDF
Consolidation
Primary Consolidation
1D THEORY OF CONSOLIDATION TIME-INDEPENDENT ANALYSIS
Rebound COMPRESSION INDEX
LOG EFFECTIVE STRESS
1 PRECONSOLIDATION
Cr PRESSURE( pc)
COMPRESSION INDEX
H*C σ’2
ΔH = Log ( ) 1
VOID RATIO
1 + eo σ’1
Cc
1
Primary Consolidation
1D THEORY OF CONSOLIDATION TIME-DEPENDENT ANALYSIS
INITIAL STRESS
LOG TOTAL STRESS
FINAL STRESS
UNDRAINED LOADING:
VOID RATIO
Primary Consolidation
1D THEORY OF CONSOLIDATION TIME-DEPENDENT ANALYSIS
INITIAL STRESS
LOG TOTAL STRESS
FINAL STRESS
DRAINED LOADING:
VOID RATIO
2
Terzaghi’s 1D Theory
3
Terzaghi’s 1D Theory
Terzaghi’s 1D Theory
4
Excess PWP Variation with Depth
Two way drainage
open
Hdr
clay
z
open
z=0 top open
z=1 middle
z=2 bottom open
open
Hdr clay
z
closed
z=0 top open
z=0.5 middle
z=1 bottom closed
5
Excess PWP variation with Depth
6
Average Degree of Consolidation
7
Excess pwp Distributions
Open drainage
Cv t
H Hdr=H/2 Tv =
H 2 dr
Open drainage
Open drainage
H Hdr=H
Closed drainage
Time Factor Tv
8
t=1, ue=100%
Oedometer Test
t=2, ue=50%
hw = Δσ/γw
Δσ=P/A
9
Determining Cv using Root Time Method
Cv t
Tv =
H 2 dr
2
⎡H ⎤
0.848⎢ ⎥
TV 90 H 2 dr ⎣2⎦
Cv = =
t90 t90
S c (time )
U=
Sc
Sc(time)=U Sc
Where U is degree of consolidation
10
Settlement Magnitude wrt Time
8
m
6
4
2
0
30-Nov- 29-Jan- 30-Mar- 29-May- 28-Jul- 26-Sep- 25-Nov- 24-Jan-
1-Oct-00 00 01 01 01 01 01 01 02
0
SR-WBL
200 SR-EBL
Settlement, mm
600
800
11
How good are predictions
ESTIMATED SETTLEMENT DURING CONSTRUCTION
VERSUS FILL HEIGHT
3.5
3 MEASURED
settlement (m)
2.5
2
1.5 ESTIMATED
1
0.5
0
1 10 100
fill height (m)
8
6
4 February 2001
2
0
40
20
0
-20
01-Oct-00
30-Nov-00
29-Jan-01
30-Mar-01
29-May-01
28-Jul-01
26-Sep-01
25-Nov-01
24-Jan-02
12