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CHE 160 Semester Review Zumdahl CH 5-7
CHE 160 Semester Review Zumdahl CH 5-7
SEMESTER REVIEW
ZUMDAHL CH 5-7
1. Which contains the largest number of molecules?
a) flask A
b) flask B
c) flask C
d) all are the same
e) none
You have Hg(l) in your manometer and your friend has water. The height h is the same in both
manometers. Which of the following statements is true?
a) Your sample of gas has the higher pressure.
b) Your friend’s sample of gas has the higher pressure.
c) Both samples of gas have the same pressure.
d) There is not enough information to answer the question.
e) None of these is correct.
3. In which single flask do the molecules have the greatest mass, the greatest average velocity, and the
highest kinetic energy?
a) flask A
b) flask B
c) flask C
d) all
e) none
4. A sample of oxygen gas has a volume of 4.50 L at 27C and 800.0 torr. How many oxygen molecules
does it contain?
a) 1.16 1023
b) 5.8 1022
c) 2.32 1024
d) 1.16 1022
e) none of these
5. The valve between a 5-L tank containing a gas at 9 atm and a 10-L tank containing a gas at 6 atm is
opened. Calculate the final pressure in the tanks.
a) 3 atm
b) 4 atm
c) 7 atm
d) 15 atm
e) none of these
6. Mercury vapor contains Hg atoms. What is the volume of 200. g of mercury vapor at 822 K and 0.500
atm?
a) 135 L
b) 82.2 L
c) 329 L
d) 67.2 L
e) 16.9 L
7. What volume is occupied by 19.6 g of methane (CH4) at 27C and 1.59 atm?
a) 1.71 L
b) 18.9 L
c) 27.7 L
d) 302 L
e) not enough data to calculate
8. An automobile tire is filled with air at a pressure of 30.0 lb/in2 at 25C. A cold front moves through and
the temperature drops to 5C. Assuming no change in volume, what is the new tire pressure?
a) 6.00 lb/in2
b) 28.0 lb/in2
c) 32.0 lb/in2
d) 20.0 lb/in2
e) 4.00 lb/in2
9. You are holding two balloons, an orange balloon and a blue balloon. The orange balloon is filled with
neon (Ne) gas and the blue balloon is filled with argon (Ar) gas. The orange balloon has twice the
volume of the blue balloon. Which of the following best represents the mass ratio of Ne:Ar in the
balloons?
a) 1:1
b) 1:2
c) 2:1
d) 1:3
e) 3:1
10. Given reaction 2NH3(g) + 3Cl2(g) N2(g) + 6HCl(g), you react 5.0 L of NH3 with 5.0 L of Cl2 measured
at the same conditions in a closed container. Calculate the ratio of pressures in the container
(Pfinal/Pinitial).
a) 0.75
b) 1.00
c) 1.33
d) 1.50
e) none of these
11. You have 26.4 g of O2 gas in a container with twice the volume as one with CO2 gas. The pressure and
temperature of both containers are the same. Calculate the mass of carbon dioxide gas you have in the
container.
a) 36.3 g
b) 26.4 g
c) 18.2 g
d) 13.2 g
e) none of these
12–13. You have a 400-mL container containing 55.0% He and 45.0% Ar by mass at 25C and
1.5 atm total pressure. You heat the container to 100C.
14. Which of the following is the best qualitative graph of P versus molar mass of a
1-g sample of different gases at constant volume and temperature?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e) None of these
15. A 4.40-g piece of solid CO2 (dry ice) is allowed to sublime in a balloon. The final volume of the balloon
is 1.00 L at 300. K. What is the pressure of the gas?
a) 2.46 atm
b) 246 atm
c) 0.122 atm
d) 122 atm
e) none of these
16. Given a cylinder of fixed volume filled with 1 mol of argon gas, which of the following is correct?
(Assume all gases obey the ideal gas law.)
a) If the temperature of the cylinder is changed from 25C to 50C, the pressure inside the cylinder
will double.
b) If a second mole of argon is added to the cylinder, the ratio T/P would remain constant.
c) A cylinder of identical volume filled with the same pressure of helium must contain more atoms
of gas because He has a smaller atomic radius than argon.
d) Two of the above.
e) None of the above.
18. For which gas do the molecules have the smallest average kinetic energy?
a) He
b) Cl2
c) CH4
d) NH3
e) all gases the same
19–21. A plastic bag is weighed and then filled successively with two gases, X and Y. The following data are
gathered:
Temperature: 0.0C (273 K)
Pressure: 1.00 atmosphere
Mass of empty bag: 20.77 g
Mass of bag filled with gas X: 24.97 g
Mass of 1.12 liters of air at conditions given: 1.30 g
Volume of bag: 1.12 liter
Molar volume at STP: 22.4 liters
19. The mass of 1.12 liters of gas Y is found to be 6.23 g. The density of gas Y is
a) 10.6 g/L
b) 5.56 g/L
c) 15.6 g/L
d) 0.200 g/L
e) 0.180 g/L
20. The molar mass of gas Y is
a) 56.0 g/mol
b) 89.0 g/mol
c) 125 g/mol
d) 140. g/mol
e) 157 g/mol
21. The bag is emptied and refilled, successively, with gases X and Y, this time at 1 atm pressure and a
temperature 30C higher. Assume that the volume of the bag is the same as before. Which one of the
following statements is wrong?
a) The full bag contains fewer molecules of each gas than it did at 0.0C.
b) The ratio of the density of gas Y to the density of gas X is the same as at 0.0C.
c) The molar masses of the two gases are the same as they were at 0.0C.
d) The mass of each gas filling the bag is now 303/273 times the mass held at 0.0C.
e) The average velocity of the molecules of gas X at 30C is higher than it was
at 0.0C.
22. is found that 250. mL of gas at STP has a mass of 1.00 g. What is the molar mass?
a) 89.6 g/mol
b) 28.0 g/mol
c) 14.0 g/mol
d) 22.4 g/mol
e) 11.2 g/mol
23. When 0.72 g of a liquid is vaporized at 110C and 0.967 atm, the gas occupies a volume of 0.559 L. The
empirical formula of the gas is CH2. What is the molecular formula of the gas?
a) CH2
b) C2H4
c) C3H6
d) C4H8
e) none of these
24. A 4.37 gram sample of a certain diatomic gas occupies a volume of 3.00-L at 1.00 atm and a
temperature of 45C. Identify this gas.
a) F2
b) N2
c) H2
d) O2
e) Cl2
28. A mixture is prepared from 15.0 L of ammonia and 15.0 L chlorine measured at the same conditions,
these compounds react according to the following equation:
2NH3(g) + 3 Cl2(g) N2(g) + 6HCl(g)
When the reaction is completed, what is the volume of each gas (NH 3, Cl2, N2, and HCl, respectively)?
Assume the final volumes are measured under identical conditions.
a) 0.00 L, 5.00 L, 7.50 L, 45.0 L
b) 5.00 L, 0.00 L, 5.00 L, 30.0 L
c) 0.00 L, 0.00 L, 7.50 L, 45.0 L
d) 0.00 L, 0.00 L, 5.00 L, 30.0 L
e) 0.00 L, 10.0 L, 15.0 L, 90.0 L
29. An excess of sodium hydroxide is treated with 1.1 L of dry hydrogen chloride gas measured at STP.
What is the mass of sodium chloride formed?
a) 0.50 g
b) 1.8 g
c) 2.0 g
d) 2.9 g
e) 22 g
30. A mixture of KCl and KClO3 weighing 1.80 grams was heated; the dry O2 generated occupied 1.40
102 mL at STP. What percent of the original mixture was KClO3, which decomposes as follows:
2KClO3(s) 2KCl(s) + 3O2(g)
a) 28.4%
b) 37.2%
c) 42.6%
d) 63.8%
e) 72.6%
31. Determine the partial pressure of the hydrogen gas in this mixture.
a) 562 torr
b) 580 torr
c) 598 torr
d) 616 torr
e) 634 torr
32. A vessel with a volume of 10.0 L contains 2.80 g of nitrogen gas, 0.403 g of hydrogen gas, and 79.9 g of
argon gas. At 25C, what is the pressure in the vessel?
a) 0.471 atm
b) 6.43 atm
c) 3.20 atm
d) 5.62 atm
e) 2.38 atm
33. Oxygen gas, generated by the reaction 2KClO3(s) 2KCl(s) + 3O2(g), is collected over water at 27C in
a 2.00-L vessel at a total pressure of 760. torr. (The vapor pressure of H2O at 27C is 26.0 torr.) How
many moles of KClO3 were consumed in the reaction?
a) 0.0790 moles
b) 0.119 moles
c) 0.0527 moles
d) 0.0813 moles
e) none of these
34. At 200 K, the molecules or atoms of an unknown gas, X, have an average velocity equal to that of Ar
atoms at 400 K. What is X? (Assume ideal behavior.)
a) He
b) CO
c) HF
d) HBr
e) F2
35. A sample of N2 gas is contaminated with a gas (A) of unknown molar mass. The partial pressure of
each gas is known to be 200. torr at 25C. The gases are allowed to effuse through a pinhole, and it is
found that gas A escapes at three times the rate of N2. The molar mass of gas A is:
a) 3.11
b) 252
c) 84.0
d) 9.33
e) none of these
36. Which of the following effects will make PV/nRT less than 1 for a real gas?
a) The gas molecules are large enough to occupy a substantial amount of space.
b) A large number of molecules have speeds greater than the average speed.
c) The gas molecules have a very low molar mass.
d) The gas molecules attract one another.
e) none of these
37. A room is 16 ft x 12 ft x 12 ft. Would air enter or leave the room if the temperature changed from 27C
to –3C while the pressure remained constant? Determine the volume of the air that moved in or out of
the room.
38. Consider a sample of helium gas in a container fitted with a piston as pictured below. The piston is
frictionless, but has a mass of 10.0 kg. How many of the following processes will cause the piston to
move away from the base and decrease the pressure of the gas? Assume ideal behavior.
10.0 kg
base
I. Heating the helium.
II. Removing some of the helium from the container.
III. Turning the container on its side.
IV. Decreasing the pressure outside the container.
a) 0
b) 1
c) 2
d) 3
e) 4
39. Two containers of Argon are shown below. The containers are at the same temperature.
40. A gas absorbs 0.0 J of heat and then performs 15.2 J of work. The change in internal energy of the gas
is
a) –24.8 J
b) 14.8 J
c) 55.2 J
d) –15.2 J
e) none of these
41. Of energy, work, enthalpy, and heat, how many are state functions?
a) 0
b) 1
c) 2
d) 3
e) 4
42. Which of the following statements correctly describes the signs of q and w for the following exothermic
process at P = 1 atm and T = 370 K?
H2O(g) H2O(l)
a) q and w are negative.
b) q is positive, w is negative.
c) q is negative, w is positive.
d) q and w are both positive.
e) q and w are both zero.
43. One mole of an ideal gas is expanded from a volume of 1.00 liter to a volume of 10.00 liters against a
constant external pressure of 1.00 atm. How much work (in joules) is performed on the surroundings?
(T = 300 K; 1 L atm = 101.3 J)
a) 456 J
b) 912 J
c) 2740 J
d) 2870 J
e) none of these
45. A 25.0 g piece of aluminum (which has a molar heat capacity of 24.03 J/Cmol) is heated to 82.4C and
dropped into a calorimeter containing water (specific heat capacity of water is 4.18J/gC) initially at
22.3C. The final temperature of the water is 24.9C. Calculate the mass of water in the calorimeter.
a) 118 g
b) 6.57 g
c) 3180 g
d) 2120 g
e) none of these
46. A 40.2 g sample of a metal is heated to 99.3C and then placed in a calorimeter containing 120.0 g of
water (c=4.18J/gC) at 21.8C. The final temperature of the water is 24.5C. Which metal was used?
a) Aluminum (c=0.89J/gC)
b) Iron (c=0.45J/gC)
c) Copper (c = 0.20J/gC)
d) Lead (c=0.14J/gC)
e) none of these
47. You take 200. g of a solid at 30.0C and let it melt in 400. g of water. The water temperature decreases
from 85.1C to 30.0C. Calculate the heat of fusion of this solid.
a) 125 J/g
b) 285 J/g
c) 461 J/g
d) 518 J/g
e) cannot solve without the heat capacity of the solid
48. The enthalpy of fusion of ice is 6.020 kJ/mol. The heat capacity of liquid water is
75.4 J/molC. What is the smallest number of ice cubes at 0C, each containing one
mole of water, necessary to cool 500. g of liquid water initially at 20C to 0C?
a) 1
b) 7
c) 14
d) 15
e) 126
49. 30.0 mL of pure water at 280. K is mixed with 50.0 mL of pure water at 330. K. What is the final
temperature of the mixture?
a) 290. K
b) 311 K
c) 320. K
d) 326 K
e) 405 K
50. Calculate the work associated with the compression of a gas from 121 L to 80. L at a constant pressure
of 11 atm.
a) –450 L atm
b) 450 L atm
c) 3.7 L atm
d) –3.7 L atm
e) 120 L atm
51. 40.0-g sample of water at 25.0C is mixed with 100.0 g of a certain metal at 100.0C. After thermal
equilibrium is established, the (final) temperature of the mixture is 29.6C. What is the heat capacity of
the metal, assuming it is constant over the temperature range concerned?
a) 0.38 J/gC
b) 0.76 J/gC
c) 0.96 J/gC
d) 0.031 J/gC
e) none of these
53. The H value for the reaction (1/2)O2(g) + Hg(l) HgO(s) is –90.8 kJ. How much heat is released when
32.5 g Hg is reacted with oxygen?
a) 9.32 kJ
b) 90.8 kJ
c) 14.7 kJ
d) 40.0 kJ
e) none of these
54. The heat of formation of Fe2O3(s) is –826 kJ/mol. Calculate the heat of the reaction 4Fe(s) + 3O 2(g)
2Fe2O3(s) when a 55.8-g sample of iron is reacted.
a) –206 kJ
b) –413 kJ
c) –826 kJ
d) –1650 kJ
e) –3.30 103 kJ
55. A 4.0-g sample of Colorado oil shale is burned in a bomb calorimeter, which causes the temperature of
the calorimeter to increase by 5.0C. The calorimeter contains 1.00 kg of water (CH2O = 4.184 J/gC) and
the heat capacity of the empty calorimeter is 0.10 kJ/C. How much heat is released per gram of oil
shale when it is burned?
a) 21 kJ/g
b) 42 kJ/g
c) 0 kJ/g
d) 5.4 kJ/g
e) 5.2 kJ/g
56. How much heat is required to raise the temperature of a 6.21-g sample of iron (specific heat = 0.450 J/
(gC) from 25.0C to 79.8C?
a) 70.0 J
b) 101 J
c) 386 J
d) 756 J
e) 153 J
59. The heat combustion of acetylene, C2H2(g), at 25C, is –1299 kJ/mol. At this temperature, H f values
for CO2(g) and H2O(l) are –393 and –286 kJ/mol, respectively. Calculate H f for acetylene.
a) 2376 kJ/mol
b) 625 kJ/mol
c) 227 kJ/mol
d) –625 kJ/mol
e) none of these
60. Using the following data, calculate the standard heat of formation of the compound ICl in kJ/mol:
H (kJ/mol)
Cl2(g) 2Cl(g) 242.3
I2 (g) 2I(g) 151.0
ICl(g) I(g) + Cl(g) 211.3
I2(s) I2(g) 62.8
a) –211 kJ/mol
b) –14.6 kJ/mol
c) 16.8 kJ/mol
d) 245 kJ/mol
e) 439 kJ/mol
61. Consider the following reaction:
2Al(s) + 3Cl2(g) 2AlCl3(s); H = –1390.81 kJ
a) Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic?
b) Calculate the heat produced when 10.0 g AlCl3 forms.
c) How many grams of Al are required to produce 1.00 kJ of energy?