EVSE and Services @ Kalpa

Index

1. EVSE 03
2. EV charging modes 04
3. Associated equipment 06
4. EVSE comparative 08
5. EV – charging framework – Grid 11
6. Kalpa benefit 14
7. Kalpa assurance 15
Electric Vehicles Supply Equipment (Charging station)

• EVSE is a control and conduit system which connects the vehicle to the grid, facilitates
energy transfer and communicates with the vehicle to controls and monitors all
electrical activity.

• Ensures safe charging.

EV charging modes
➢ SAE’s 1/2/3 terminology
• For electric car charging, the SAE convened a committee called "J1772". Hence the
name “J-plug” or “J-1772 connector” or “Type 1 plugs”.

AC charging system DC charging system

AC Level 1: 120 V, 1-ɸ, upto 1.9 kW DC level 1: 200-450 V, upto 36 kW
AC Level 2: 240 V, 1-ɸ, upto 19.2 kW DC level 2: 200-450 V, upto 90 kW

AC Level 3: More than level 2, upto 43 kW DC level 3: 200-600 V, upto 240 kW

➢ Other terminology
• Mode 1 – Slow charging + Household-type socket-outlet
• Mode 2 – Slow charging + Household-type socket-outlet + in-cable protection
• Mode 3 – Slow/fast charging + Specific EV socket-outlet + control and protection
• Mode 4 – Fast charging using an external charger
Commonly used Level 1/2/3 EVSE
Associated equipment – AC Cable and Connector
➢ Type 1 plug (AC)
Asa
• “J1772 plug” A
• 1-ɸ plug
• Upto 7.4 kW
• Simplest connection.

➢ Type 2 plug (AC)

• “Mennekes connector”
• 3-ɸ plug
• Upto 22kW / 43 kW

➢ Mode 2 charging cable

Associated equipment – DC Cable and Connector
➢ CCS plug, Combined charging systems

• “J1772 combo”
• Enhanced type 2 plug
• DC & AC both.
• Two additional power
contacts for quick charge.
• Upto 170 kW (50 kW)

➢ CHAdeMO plug (DC)

• DC only
• Quick charge.
• Upto 50 kW.

➢ Mode 3 charging cable

EVSE comparative
Location based EVSE
• Public and Private charging stations are the two major sets of EVSE.

• Selection criteria:
• The power required (charging time, vehicle capacity, pricing)
• The communication requirements (access control, payment system, help system)
• The number of cables and plugs (for shared-access stations)

• Useful at public
locations with high
footfall viz.
transportation hubs ,
malls, industrial hubs
Why DC fast charging ?
• The on-board charger (AC to DC converter) used in AC charging is limited in power for
reasons of cost, space and weight, making the process usually take several hours to
recharge your car.

• DC fast charging (Level 3 charging), on the contrary, connects directly to the car’s
battery, and allows the off-board equipment to have any power needed. DC charging is
capable of charging to 80% the electric vehicle’s battery in less than 30 minutes for most
cars, making the EV charging process much faster than the normal charging process.

• This then helps and enables the drivers and fleets to use their cars without the fear of
running out of energy, as they can easily recharge in a small duration, when wanted or
needed.
EV & charging framework
EV & charging – Grid compatibility
• The electrical vehicle load is non-linear and can cause harmonic distortion, DC offset,
phase imbalance, and voltage deviations in the distribution network. However, with
approximately 5000 MW of EV related additional load expected to come on to the
system, at the national grid level, the impact is negligible.

• As per the observations and simulations, a baseline 50% loaded commercial feeder can
safely absorb up to 20% of additional EV load from fast charging, similarly the
residential feeder, can be safely handle a ratio of 60% & 40% from residential load and
EV load (fast charging) respectively.

• The peak co-incident charging scenario showed that a loading of around 20% from fast
chargers should be the threshold.
EV & charging – Grid compatibility
• Electric vehicles along with “smart charging stations” can stabilize Grid and can help
avoid building more infrastructure.

• Vehicle-to-Grid (V-2-G) - Plug-in electric vehicles are typically associated with taking
energy from the grid, but it is also possible for an electric car to operate in a discharge
mode, in which it acts as a giant battery and injects the power back into the grid.

• As distributed energy storage, EVs can also act as a backup power for renewable energy
sources.

• Kalpa charge solutions can provide efficient and smart solutions for grid compatibility
without significant hardware changes.
Kalpa benefit

• “Kalpa charge”
- App for all charging needs.
- BMS and Charging station status.
Charge
- Map based station availability.
- User remote access / charging slot
booking.
- RFID / NFC / UPI based payment options.
- Cloud based services.

• Integration with smart grids and

renewables.

• Customised “Charging plans”

• Exclusive partners and customised options

as per user needs.
Kalpa assurance

➢ AC charging ➢ Safety
• SAE J1772 • IEC 61140, IEC 62040, IEC
• IEC 61851-1 60529, IEC 60364,ISO 6469-3.
• IEC 62196-2
• NEC 625, UL 2231 • AIS 138 (Part 1 & 2)

➢ DC fast charging • ANSI/UL 2202 “Electric

• CHAdeMO Vehicle (EV) Charging System
• IEC Equipment”

➢ Communication standards • Code compliant installations.

• ISO15118, ISO61851,
ISO 61850, SAE J2293, • Environmental safety
SAE J2847, ISO61850, as per IEC 60068
SAE J2836.