Tie Gtonauzatiow oF poven ~ So Ties Ral Pec! Tie. eri ammentas O£C0 ct eat eer Ney BS Set Wat Bk. Md Detpment Rago 90 Rey Nien Boy Cnepdese pidfh 190 Wa ak Poh note os ents le py Ue 3152p tt wetinee Ks, he amr aed Labor Markets, snd edition, Olan, 1989, p. 649, a Set Wor Bik Dolmen apo, 0, Prey, Wang DC, 1990 Se Wad ed, Koi Dolmen Rr, 17 2 ape ated Nant Deelpmet Pt, Hanan Deepen ear “on Nowa tt ps 5: i Cau Car sn prs 1% Awning US ce of the Cn ier tel Ste Asati etl eon of Sis Com. On. Fe city tl ce te UNO Hebe ae sl Himes etme Rae. ST ek 1996, Chapter 3 Policing Countries Through Loan “Conditionalites”™ ‘The Global Debt ow were sovereign cout roght under the tgs ofthe nema thal ania ston Besse counts wes indeed. Den ‘Won istitos were able ole tha hgh the sale "nd. nas” aached tote lun agement to uppity eit thet "oo-ecnomic ple in accordance wih he test thei nd ‘commer ceiors ‘The de ben f developing counties has incr tail since the early 1980s despite the vious reacting esting a Geb Conversion shemes pt forward th crits nf, these poner, hn combined wih IMF-Woek Bunk polyamine Srictrl adjustment program) were cootorve enlara the out ing deb of developing cums, whl nen post cine! of ‘The toa outstanding lange dt of developing counties (om teil and private sous) sta a apgronimatly USS 62 bon 1970. Minresed sevenfold inthe oun of the 1970s to Yah $481 Bi an in 1980. The al det of vlog cnthes tod st se 82 ‘alo (1995) 2 32-0 ieee in elation to I970 (See Table 31),———— [ate Desig Can’ Ester abt ote) Year [Tool ecoral|cngierm Short | Un oF - wet [ecto | seme | cree wn | 6a | am | aso “ we | ows | ss | toe a0 wo | a foo |i | wa | oa | ows | one % vw | iste ® % vss | us | ioe | aie 6 Tec Noe Th pe-1985dicr ae o alcoa rp ingot Wed Bk sl ae ut sey comple othe pos TSE et Ted fr 200 vies ede he 001 ord Dede Tae ch et ily compe wh he 199098 Sia. Fre Shove of Experts Alecate oDeb Serving 4) by Gevgrahie Resin vee | at | aco | ms | as | no wa} at | na ms | 02 | 99 twee | tro | 208 ma | us | ws tows) ie6 | 202 ao | m7 | 2a | iss | ma | mo | ma | 2 | oss twas 21 | ass | az | ass | ms | 308 fete 260 | 366 | 469 | 309 | on | 13 wer] 230 | we | oma | aso | mrs | asa wwe) ior | ina | ee | ans | 62 | one tool isa | tes | aca | ur | 206 | 8 tm{ a | ans | 62 | tex | 250 | 64 wn | a7 | ae | doo | iss | a7 | as tow { io | us | ts | ass | 256 | ao vos] ae | iss | set | ge | mee | es tre| iso | ita | za | tus | a0 | mez womjrna [us | ass | a2 | 203 | ae ‘wuss Ward, World eb els Sever iss Wshingon Note: The hr ofexprs alae ode seni the i feb sev payne ere a rnp xpors of goods ind see,Graph 3.3: Share of Exports Allocated to Dob Servicing ()| Marshal Plan fo the Rich Counties ‘ite conmdiy pes tumbled Tein. sce he ely 18D, 04 {keene vale exponen ger shaw of expr ina ec eau x carn ee Gp 31-8) By se m8 developing coum nd eros net exports of cope ee own The foo eal eg eas inte ofthe new fiat the frm fan ein Imaal ei) Up ote mi 90, enya Ions (7) bade ced et gly ef een ‘buna ofl ends Howere man oft an rns ye sulla! titans tc cn of he tc eae a an ‘osingor-ed denn cmb of een Oe the act of apeene’ of he Brean Wace tans, he lone Poliy-based Lending ‘ht sacle, los smb, elatonshiphetwoen debt manage policy and mcosronomi reform. Deb genet is cotted 1 hearing ta ini dor nts cone ral shi yee Financ eigaons. Tough "nancial ening” an he acl a ‘of debt xehtaing epee othe ppl defeed whens oven te efretsbtt app fr eqaty and “ace” money "yen to tons th erg of array lo embl then oye it incestarearsoni? dso aa emporiy vert eal, do Ina poess the frm lyly of lS The Creo acct to eset ny if deo exon abby he poy "Te ctv conus enorsng he ena of th ese ing tltonsp wile nein door nations m3 eae, ich proves them fo embarking upon a independent ational e=mnemic ply. Anew gomration of pina! lam” was aed Moey was Provided to hip counties to aint”. These Work a eens Tce igh “condone the money war grated ol he gx CSrmeetcompie! wih te ser djatmnt refers wile te ‘Se ie, repving very recs alist impleeica nti te adoption of he I's policy resins ander ins ‘aca ajstment pograsws ool conde or obtaining eas om molt itaton it sho provided "the een ih the Pas 5 Loon Chis aig vets commercial baking ion sd ey earres face serous dius a recheling Or et do na ne» developmen ons and strstional anc. Tae IMF {ota ee mean of seroalydepting ational enon y Woking se cet ope of commodity tad ‘healed “cena” were attached to "the qick dsboning iy ao n= Thes lone By te Ie were rated mbjst tow of acampchense progam af mace scone stabilzatn aa tl exons lone the an apements wert ay sed oa seret program convenes! projet en. The ener itended suport poly changes; heater wer igh ma trea by th Breton Wood nsitatons, thr esas being bx oo pe performance”. Oe the oan agree al bos send, di ‘arses cul be ited sf ie government id et conf wi ‘Gedanger athe coutry would be belied the ales te dion group of island muteal donee? ‘The sate of hse an apeements di oot favor he el eam, sce mee of the mney ws chanced it invesnent Ante inp. tan objective war saved, however the adjustment lms vetted resaees aay om ecu eee and encouraed cours op om inpoiog Ine guantir of conser goods, ning Sod le forthe rch cour, The ene pat i spor thea ‘ot of ariel for ance, wae at fr tvs i faa pects. The fas eld he spt ely om comma spate ‘lain cominer dul ad ney goods Pe eo ie proces ‘as sagt of he dome como, element of he ance of yes rt od grove of he eb bade alargng whe Debt ‘Tene “quick dbrsg lus” (hoe carmatal fo coed ‘yrs epee fetiou money" bea the ames pas 9 ‘treats ere arly lower tha he amos rember in be fern of det serving Eis for estaeeodvelping cosy hich ar ol det work cf USS 10 billed owes 81 fon in cmd) ebserviig igo the Pui ed London Chis Wit epee ‘pa eamings, mere, be oon i able met ese egtions.ta of wade a eal ows The dsbrsmet a aso be inter yc i the cout fle tend ne cent dtsrvicing obligations > xy ny, nels, continue vce IM Wer Batt eal mssance ee Sto Praga (a in the eae of Kept 1971) ssc leading 9 eu f cy eget. ‘Ad anes fast pay bck ld debs ae oto, areas il] scum a the eaunry wl be psd on an meron lk. er ean ik oun of US $0 ion is rae inthe om of lace of payments sopt eared fr the purse | commodity ipo. Th loan as «cate: allows te ous foegn exchange cmngs om ext oe reid owas nest yen rey crab the goverment o met he eines 30> tl and ofl cei. billion dla of bern coe Theta of tsar USS 500 milion Te fai “- bra ern, which a een thao (by he IM the ‘World Bo) mediney repped bythe ofa andr co sme etos Moet, ths process hs rsd i a $500 aan Py ramework Paper ny ns cous, the government bie, unde i gre wth te Woshngtn tase neon, oon posi 8 ocala: “Ply Franework Papa” (PFD). The later soe accom pened by a "Leer of Inet roe tote IME together wi 8 Memorandum of Eeenemi nd Fnanil Plies” (Se Box 31) ‘Athowgh ofclly a goverment dame determined by the [i andthe Woes Bank aesoding to Sanda preset ora. The 5, tors The IM i iavoved in key poy negations with red © te cchnge ate and te bet Sef cas the Wold Bak oe tenia fm procs hough i coty-leel ereset The IMP “Shadow Progra Invasive wil be reid prior tthe halding of ‘sor hepato The goverment has poe ance the NF thn is sey commted wo economic eer The proces ote tas he form fl Later of notte othe IMP iS ‘ying overseen ees poly nd se mage Tis prous Was ao cared ot othe coset he ‘eral “IMF Siow Progr ia wich the IMF provided poly [dling 2d enclave tothe goverment witout feral lo Spon Te Sindow Program apes to counter wos economic ‘ofr te (acoding th IMF) Pt on ek (eg. Brazil ude pes ‘kn Ferando Collar de Milo and Tamar Franco (199058) The Shadow tram was ale plese in cots of te former Soviet ane pir thee Fra members ofthe Breton Woo inaons dre seg ofan apeemens Susie performace” née te Shadow Program prec site prior content foal lows nations. Onc he Tea as een rte poicyprfenranee stig mentored o quay bass 1) te Washingon tstttons The Gibueenets ted fn sve races he neue the refs ae “ack” shih thc a a ea he dane of pin The MF moniter acu’ enone perforce ia the context of | sanscle TV Comune ele reve of # ener county's a ery) on an aoa au. Thi evew provides ~aditon othe ee ingen gear ening of performance age nde een ape. fens tetsu of aocale “IMP srvelace site” of meme omens pate ‘he World Bunk presen in many ofthe mins the reo in Iai eiacaion. ndst, ages, taspoason. he environment, le. ae ude sree Moreover, sce he te 9805, the Word fat specs privat fe etre, te aut of pb fie invsment athe composton of public expen though tes [ed Puc Expendire Review (PER).‘Box A The Later OF Tatent Wading, D208 1. the cstv f Guts pgm of ete cel alae | ‘icc yuo 99800 ne pe ply Rowe et 2. The ached memornd of sami nasi, bd on Foto meee paper rst oaove et jee sn pe a er pvermrct Gunes ope ding 19000 lange ‘Shcovsand one gover hoy ree eid soa rng ‘net use he Evel Soc Ader Fc (ESA) an amo lovaonta SD8 726 nn (9 post tg) nhs ene. Gries Frnt oq einen wi Se pgs ea ingen te > | ‘ena ful patron cng es he og. eevee of Guna bie tt ple and ener oct {Sted maaan squat ure ej por i ‘Seay ter atte bs spor er nue: Ding poslot comet EAP argent prea wiles wie ‘gen pn tn ni ‘The IF Leming Faiites ious lending ite” wer wd by he ston Wd inn in so of poli ase oan International Monetary Fund Sandy smengenets, she Compensatory md Coningscy Fnncing Feit (CCP), he steed Fu acy (FD), MP cal sjstner and nbd ahd jt! tin (GAP sal ESAP, he Sense Tansemnaon Fit (STF) Eergnsy Lending Fac Post. Cofhr eames Wort wank Suchan alist leans (SAL) md sector ate ome SECAL, ‘Te Sytem Terman Facliy (STF, applied inte former ase lor coumre oper badly ih th ete connie ‘he src astm ees Phase One: “cone Stabiiation”™ Sactuaasjsmer i viewed bythe IF 8 consti of to net ses: “Shorter macosconaiesabiieaton imi devin, ice Iheraltio ad ager aster) fe flowed by the pe Imetaton of umber of more damental (nd sol oes) ac rloors Mot on, boner, these otal eens ec Ted ot concurenty wth he “ccnomicsubileaton’ cee To IM ‘Week Bank sabiraion exerci arese th the ge defi andthe ‘uimeecaymens. Aecring the Wald Bank is egies “Cetin smacr-economiepicy righ - Kemi budget dees mall pin ‘Sonor fation and woiigblance of pyrene problems. Keeping "ee exchange te pays preter leans competent: 2nd supporting converte carcies™omic erm: eurensy devaluation (hung te unification of the ‘atange te an he elnino xchange contol) ets uname [lyr ky pola vole deions deve The ae of xchange ines the vol pes lt the es predcrs a5 well a the el vile twee The IME invariably ages th he eacange tei overated CCumency deaknton fen demanded (8 yrecocton) pret the Scpniscon of satura ads kon the detblization of te onl cursory i Key objecve ofthe IMFVie! Bark’ "ies bens A mui-volaton reignite and abrap ie its issondive 04 deumabe eompesson of ea eaming wile ot TRe ame ime, reusing thew abr cowsexpesed in bard tare ‘The devalonion aso rtices te dollar vale of goverment expend EST ling te lose a site vee overs the ering fie eternal The Bt noses th ion of he exebing at nthe content of the cso of Atle Vl of the IMF Ake of Agere. Counts ‘Shope Arle VII are reve om apting mip eehangete ict faipn exons contol tot MF apeoval Mere thn The uted member cones te IM have ace the les of “The Socal Consequences of Devaluation ‘he ocala of te IMF- sponsored ean tal and immed Ie he dbmente pres af food saps, sera rap, fel and pic ‘ndos berase avemisht. Whe the devateaon arab ges ‘Shuten and he "olor of domestic pcs the IMF chiges he fave (spr of he economic package adopt a so-called an ‘futamary program” Te ater hs leo do wth th eal eas of {nem (the devas). sedated ov cama of demand ‘guy te dsm of publi employes, dsc cats in sacar Heart and he iodettion of wages tn ssbSharan Af, for Mee he devakten of the Cental me West tian (CFA) fame apne te bal he rch Treasury 1994 compres (vit the Ime of» pe) thereat value of wager and goremment expends (Cajun hd sens) by 30 parent wie massively ceiechig Sf reverses omar debe Insoecase, sure dealin has provides he bai ira ta ‘com reatnaoe of commercial agree ere tvarés the export ens panttons and agonist export fr of ver real wags agooutual workers). The shor em gi” Fem deve Ain as tvebly wpe oat when comeing Thr Word contin ao iced devas (sna secrets th ne MF) The“Dellarization” of Domest Prices "The devalation lea 0 2 Yeaizamert of dems pices” athe lee ‘evslng inthe word market Thi proceso llr” of dames [ce lensto sb pric tke non commas ling fod es, casunerdubls ad olin a fina wll mest pa ed Fewster etn pofueen ea fm pe quien te) Inti reg, emesis pres wl ajo te word mt levels epee ofthe dietan of mons piy. ‘een "ath an eps i ny of ey onsite mai faces which gh aione sp The DMF emer te iatcnry ps of coreney devon htc co rmoey sup ae imposed the arma of the devaluation ace the Pre like ave allen taken place nth vet “combating nl ty pemares” Ths freeze on money craton obliges the govern 0 (lel ea expenstrs eer ager aps of sean “The Deindration of Wages ‘Necilessw say,preses bil wp wii iy to incense wana sage compen forthe dete dene inal emis et the {agement he IMF oly alone inetin of el emings (ardsecal expense The IM rors" Herat ots bor ‘rk te emiton of set of lng asin lates a calcve {vec and th sig otf mtu age lepton The ‘empress ypAnalyzing Impact of Devaantion {he int fhe devaeton ist Be ab in ration wo the flowing the evel af dome prices P), emia wae (), alas nominal povernamet expedite (), rea goverment expends (GP), ‘he nominal money supply (0), the real money sippy OM) he dlaiatioe of domestic oes lends 2 conracton i: real wages (WIP) thera ale of government expendire (VP) The mois spy af money () may ere al he ea value ofthe Sap of money (MT) Stes damatizly. Thedeaeaon iis 2 Frcs otnantry cotton (MUP and massive compen 9f be Fea wbie of gverent expen (GP) sad wages (WP) The eal pes pt est yotiers a declines eval of te deeb ‘Taking Contra ofthe Cente Bank “The IMF gly moniter abd proves rescues for the esraig of the Coal Ran. The IMP req alle “Csr Bank depend fm poles! power aa remy gan th inflaionary bis of ove tenn tc, hi nus tha te IMF, rather ame poveriert, ‘Sotols money sven, Th grement signed betwee He poverto lhe ME prevents foi of govemmen expedite ad the pro “ihn fret th Cena Dank ous ens enon bs IME, “teal the eer, sina pion ral fo are he aoe ing of al econo evlopnert Incapable of ing domestic monetary pole fo mobiles internal nant, ie coutyPeomes ceasing {pada on ematical sources of tang wich hastened conse {ence of iusning tele of extemal needs “Artie inporat conics put Fark by the IME tht “Cental ‘Bon inkpencs hls ko wh espe 1 pment Namely ce ‘heen ofl of he Conta! Bon ave ren pp, hy ae ter asounale othe gonermet ceo palms lcresingy ie alegianc tthe Fl In may developing coves, se aia of the Caml Baa are fomser sa mer fhe Fl an ofthe ein Aevelpment harks Mecover, Coal Bk ofc fen cosive slaty ‘Spplments” in hard eueney Gnanced or rite and bite Destbitzing 8 Nation's able Finances ‘Thesis of ple employees sd dese cte sca ear po grass impos by the Breton Woods insite Those sy ‘nearest al tpn of publi expenite At he uel fhe de re the Fe woul it hr irventon io eting annealing or the budget dtc i view ofrcleing nerves fr det servi, Since the te 18D, he Word ha oly montrd the sac ‘ot pulie expense hough te sbcaledPabe Ependite Revi (PH) nt content te eampostion of eens each fe mi Isles sr under the sopervison ofthe Breton Woods ntti, The ori Bank reconanens "cot et eae fom ei expend ‘ure categories to "age expendi” Accordiag wo th World Bak, the PER 10 Feat ecto of pve ins cont five af. ‘dew hon" Wit rad the seis the Fit on he principle of eon recovery a thea na af he ate fon Ds hel and ‘nal service The concept of tring in th oi scars pera 0 the eration of called wns groap The tery meee lathe roci seers rena ast oe suo wpe prope ‘as nel been espe for ecole of ste, eh lm nd hosp, le providing eemblarce of leimny to he Wahine eee nts, ‘The Budget Deft A Moving Tange Ina ges ar stn the lan apres forthe bude dei However se be ety 198, the IMF ha appli! he coca of “moving ing forthe get afi auget ofS percent of GDP et sete goverment mt ke IMF tage nebo lon egttine hin sesame len areenet, be IMF lowes the be 05 pe feat om the rounds tt goverment expedite ates ae “nfney" Once he 35 percent target fs been met the IMF wil st on ‘Slucing he hud df 15 pee oF GDP and son The exeee Sane propane hile slening st ¥en (i test) eh payments on he exter J. eaineerng the Collapse of State Investment The alt ze inposed by the Brotos Woods inns, smb Tin tet af deanna te cll of a ve thet Ne aes praning athe nd eveomet exe tice eb. pce "cage placed onal eagir f ‘Shere ste eo longse evita mobic sown es ios being a pubic sre, ono oa et he ‘Scar oy towne he “ick l apr ie vee procs, hy aka des inthe como f the “Able Invest own 0) saad nde the cil mance of te Wold non what pe oe tucson yn “dp comma Toe cnc of gedit ro Sond apa aman sc son es ate steamy coe ‘cer Pil po os oie syste of pcm and incr ede Compete ding) whichis ere Shiner bic ors pet oration ens eghee ings The er ar samt sama me a ot coking rod mnopemst Ke (sa tno compas ‘Ghar pec paca tobe slate fom he erderng posse ‘Seopa conan sig eal ara ey ow wage wt onde te rechorhrctal concson workin sparc onto ea ‘oc! wie wmsenens Inter wt un my ema ot ‘Simsrctrl jes sg yee for mate "Whe pj ini rede fr fa as” can cession ntl wth etre repayment tis tesa eats {ond he np intrest te eh ses hse cos) othe xe wrseccitl high The PIP nde te sper ofthe Wo Bank, esd op engage exer det whl camino he dee Maton of domer escres Price Livertzaion ‘The IMF. Wold Bank chins that necessary ta limite soa ‘ge estorons, "Geis Pres Right cna the eleiaon ofa ‘sides and pcos Te pact on eel rel amg (both "he ara noma etre) eee ‘The crete of mesic ra pies, ae wl the bertion| of tpi fod impor, isan sent fer of ths program. The es Satin progam aso pertains 6 the pcs figs and few maeals Comb wit te cation, the uneyng meas ee tan til ies inthe domes prices offer fam mp eqn hic as aimee impact one cox sre tmnstarcs fe amie at ‘The Pricing of Petroleum Prodects and Pile ‘The price pete products ee y he neue sper ‘isin othe Weld Bak. The pric Hikes, at in ft aad bie ws (ote of several hundred pen), vray conte esis “eset proton, — Lethe high mete pc of esl (smn tilly above werk! mater level) baclaker onthe cost sine of snes isty and oper. The roti ite on ie Silly pushed up shore the dames ale rc ef ie como they reining ge seer of sal ames grins to Sankt roves, the aide price hikes eo pdt imposes by the Word Ban apd concur with he balan of comm ity prs) aerate san ier tidy” which ees he parse lating domes reac oer ir um mak Tigh eo sie cnt othe dpi of nena east xen igh ‘ela helps lation to vey low wags) coe with ‘he merous es and toler rides, rond nnd rays ee, Met he et ot sre of dames reduced pods tel to {e edranae of imported commodities. In sth Sahara Ale, he ah ‘ost of tensor imposed the IF one fhe ey aes whch even: tes fr eling thee pode ine ihn ek ec competion wit hey sabe apeubaral commas impor fom ure and Nor Ameri, Althea ier, te ar onal and publish simi cmeyoences the mera eat ty pose in nin y hePhase Two: “Structural Reforn” “Te appleaton of maroc “stint” (which ia conn Peng of nase unos yi IMF she ese te Sich with te Pons ond Landon Clb) are followed by be mpl Keon af satel pce” stra fens. Thee» doe Sere ca he and he Wd Hank. Tse “ec” eects upper World Bak SALs nd sectoral asta (ete SECALS The yctage of uct! eos diced Below con lee fncspeang eae lao, deen of he Fou one te patron of tat eters, wafer he ie ton fap an "pve aleve nod vera Trade Liveatization The Breton Won atlas aps hl he a sete consis Tate tieapat as” wich dense the deepen of atm te tev the devclopmet of domes mitt Se ee eg vc ong 4 icon of es “este eviceew at ower, the ition of ei ‘attic sich levee” ver of expo ‘fe eae rate progam val cose of te haan of tania oto ad uieton of wif The ae Sean cnn ecco hat» rt ce fe SEAT pc tunes xsl hoe sts ace he ge ‘Shes ernst foc inner ty ao preva he a CERES nee gh rip and gio) bese see feign setae ‘ce nina of gs and he rite of ee ei var ae nen to ae dane moe sere ‘Shes otene wy ent a om eee oe mel ma) The mesures fl SAGE Sok whuewein vate bape come gov scl ee et ewen of rp i or seri wd conn Sec oped conan pie stole ees prot, ‘Te ctoame fey, mt borowed ey Cee vans eeCatosng nn) ulna cones toweling etal Divesiure and Prvaization of State Enterprises Stacia adm coities + mean fr aking vee ea act of becasue privatization progam wel calling, daercing bias. The patton fesse iin ly nd te renegottin of he contr exenalTe ml rae Table arate taken over by oegn expert venture on acange fr deb The prea of the ales eps n the Treamery recanted owas the London an Pris Cli. ternal eps ps contol ar owaeship ove te most oft sate erp at el cost Maree, wth age manber of ne sean f(r wadina the pub eters th sane tne he sf sate citable. in some coun, sate ownership oer stale seco” (i Jecmmincatons) nd public west enrenche me ca hn. Potton of ee tos ay reqs in the ent of Bra, Be ior endef th cnstiaen (See Caper 13.) ‘Ta Reform Under te guide of the Wor ak, uke of fade ges ‘ecole in he cl srr. These change eno uderme ‘mane prod thon the demand nd spy ie. Toe ted ‘ino value aed oles ta nd cange inte Sree of det | at sary amply a rer fax burden forthe lover nd me Incas ous Inc inte Wert Rak meer he eatin, fort pps, 0 sal agicalal pode wd wis fhe fara vba sa While domes producers are subse goverment xs Jon venus nd fig exptlivaihly ej generous ean of ata foe investment” [Land Tear and the Privatiaton of Agrcotural Land The ref te contd in he context of the Wor! Bak’ ston sent ms. The tera lation on he owes aad eon eelaped with chia supper provided by the Wed Ba’ Legal eputmt The fos cos ising and ies ames We, he same ine eanreing te concent of as and i eed [Csr hn iis ace 0 affect. The tendency ious th Tete mer margasing ofnl by al mers, the owt of a‘pss sector ante fmiton of las ness Seasonal agricl toa woes Moree: the mesures fon cinta — under he guise of notes the estan of he ght the ole” anlar clas. Irma Inter soe the champion of cone “bealizan"™ “The oivtiation f ln also ses he ejectve of eb ei sine the rose pbc lnd sales wader adc om he Wo Bak, tre wo fo peer ste reves, wich ave chanel By the mio Tresary tte erste Deregulation ofthe Banking System Tie Coma at ows conte ee nny ply: ne ‘Town te" mae by comme ake Cons sarap snd sed Tae nig msn “ny once one hein tonne mest Sian movement sion toner pee entices es uel seal gh Kn eo ser cela ta te ning lin domee SRE tot he ng esl lr ils of $i" sa! ysl gh tal es The ome Saks vb earn pone poe eat the eal emmy ei ruc Ty “col ie gon fie Seige tno teuncane efoto re ‘Sneed Whar shes cot eran oe mt a mel te omg oscar ed ‘Sars rong se a ose “he man! ows ssn wl eh ue ae son ane Serle! ste dst Ue cone enn yom rh tg a tere Ugo Rod woe comced ner teal fi GATT ond men (3s fai comarca tussle eo ae dome sige The owen val hese ite king ene nt mae pgm ee ia ne settaPnac Secu gems pow SAP) Per nce SoSirius repel th peal cies en cy ra faa ie > Te proces of svete salad iret he elton of cet beratiring Capital Movements IMP ins on ths “rampacrey" ma “ee movers” of fsgn change in aod out oF te caumy (rough electrons te). The is rales foreign copanios et para pois fo pn exchange fling iety Money towards Debt Servicing movers courage the Yepaiation of ail Hight ame te sof “lek ed"ty money” eh had be epost byte Tid ld ee since se 1960s f oor bank acount, "Diy mney nes the proses of ileal dean crnial avy whee ack money”s meney hich in coped tao, ‘The ctf the ea ecoomy mit he bt of he maco-onai bs etd ety oh pid pow il ade Morore be reneno ad eed a which ty ony maton canbe wna se athe expr ofthe plese The Ueto of ena movement serves the ieee of the ing age amounts of pony wach wre ane egy. This process works a ells: ad carency is need om hore nk account i the inrsak markt of» develope Suny usin asked”. The frig exehange i then conve noe ‘and set purchase ste sc ano plied pt on th ion lock bythe goverment in econ of te Wold Bekapes ie pation prota. In arte foreign exchageguoceas of neha oan Tey my“Poverty Aleit” and the “Sail Safty Nt” be Comsquences of Senetural Adjustment The scion the det ers somes he ea of er indies The NF sso bilson package in hoy ade scones astute ase wath eo anerting plu othe blnce ote x0 oy bck he det nl ae ss of ecm Tecovery aly the opposite eer The ery Spas cf bsightang” posed by the eestor undomines ot ome reco al he ality of owns ose td Sins tet 1985, prey lleiin’” as become 3 “anitoiy” {¢ Nor nk a pcemens "Povey levi” appr te oe: tveof deen sustinble poverty rebate Somiioe tthe Beton Mods instttons ts predated on snbing soc oor foe ofthe yo The “Socal Been Fd eb 0 the isch mod et revenge mechan” tang pve ns he sae tne antiga pe finances The por oe dtd in th emever "age 0p The Soc Enerjemy Fund (SEF) ree: a saci engiorng aprach 2 py tamer To angi, every a anata Salve ot mia cost oe cer. Socal "at po trams eur "ofl th ote combine with et ery d te"patitin of eal andcOvaton serves ore ilo conse mre” way of dlvering oil propa. The se wiht anus pogams unde ison of ie ie wa eect ‘ity te rena fl sony nr te em of he SEF TH itera fest he "oe fn, rr pay Ines ar miirsm employment secs ermal fx pblcsaaoe Mtns offers oh of he enn open The SE eficallysncon the wav of este ote sei seco, ma "he mantgana of ponent he ose ee by ‘punt nlp rants srr ions gover ‘iin (NGO) ded strona ad rome ara itiytalen we my of he conv of leo! gover Sal ‘Sie pecion and nat pret sbconting fr eo po ‘inh fm comraty- Sued ning nd enpleymen! roan mest apart nla he ul ye A meget The ued zasur contrite enlarging he eka 1) Them ple aed fan ram py ek dt on 2) “Tralee ede xe the a payne ‘as Domestic podaton epic ngs Ginseng tommy) and ew ck lean ne pi oes torte cine sparing gets nh wr mkt 3) hee apleton ofthe Uguy Rand andthe fat of the Worl Trae Organon, ah get of pot il inte up of sews inci th pgmen fc rp 29 rah The snp il wil sen with 3 ceeding ina faded) cmd. 9) Theatr ate progam simpli sien shit ato poet eng omen ee nap ain a asic db ot divty soe the ines af he eget The soomiesbilvaton package deers the posit ofan endogenous ttl exnomie development xe” coil by cal oly ser. The (MEW nk fons tly dale hese ecu of developing countries, tig te eff a yg he eto peed nd reversing wh he te ca en the fi ime of ps ogress. Toughour the desapns worl there on sins and aren! ptr: he IM Wels Bank ref ace cnt teva coherent progr of econ and snes ole The sey menses led the eegaton of hes, te nal econ ese, proicion forthe desc markt destyel tug he feaopesion of real earings md Somes profuctn i redected owls th world mathe These messares go byork “Ginod Governance”: Promoting Bogus Partiamentary astiuns ovens nd the holding of mul gayest arsed ond slo ote Ion arene The nae a he comic ems, Kistner pen Somerton‘of mp stating inkaies. They deoy the etre eof te ont met mechanism, hs bjt i rough south sive disengagement of human and rel ests, The counter fmicw-ccneic efcney” i peopel uy atthe macro omits censor, eal to jst tese messes on rnd of lie ad rescue lt, ye IMP Tacty Acknowledges Policy Fallre ‘rely the IMF snd he Word ak ave cy ahold ple fale ath wd of Senor MF afi Atos hr ae basa ar of ao eb oer te Pt dae, co aot ay wih erty whither program hive ted arr) On i of ening ses ae eal ‘time whi he pon of prog sapere ye Pet Sonn at rogram stn thar nol and ‘alte gow son” i-ippred pograns th empl et propo ye IME Resch Depa! tent sl eee tee Social Impact of Macro-eeomomi Reform, socal implicaon of hex ferns cling npc on eat, tne, te sil igh of women andthe eve) hve Been a dozen” Eaton esashnets ae lsed down a rhc of dae ck of fine lh atthe rage ead in cate and povetve eae a ret of the lack of al equiped rippin, pcr working ues and he ow ay fal psoas. The ack of operating fads, pa competed bythe exacton ofeistsion and wer fer ~e the ng cot every ehonc andr he Bamako Popo sid he Paes Teicha” Associaton 0) lees enced by Incl Communist cover exeses promos Ince oy he Minty of Eaton, Ths process, however plies the prt pvicton of exe foverent sail eres and the defacto exch of lege sectors of ‘he ppt pricy inal ares) wich te able pay he var oes sche eh and ivetnal semen Us salé be emphaszn hat he src! ane progr no ot resus a rented eves fun and ral per ako ste tec capeciy pope inching mildlecl easols) op fot, eth nd educational services ssid it the corexovery hee Freeing the umber of grat of he tech ing lege ond lnceaing the numberof pops et teicher ae exp codons of Ward nk soci 0 aden ane The eens boda cr oiled. number of conto pet by tenn cool eon nd ble shit sytem stad on acer a de the work the enaining eather ar i ff ane resus seins fhe ea ar fried toward th exter eis, ‘The “os fete inves, howeret a tl conse 9 be rp: nub Saran fey, he doar crt eh) o> nea ew mga eoatelectne” fra whch const inl The Counterfactua Argument The measures ae jutifed by the Beton Woods nitions on he ons of micro-sonmie efciency. Acting 0 he Fs the "al ont" must te Balt ait the "econome eefts f mero "Wile ecogscng the sci dimensions of ejimen te Breton Woods Intinens hive ako underscore! te socalled “aeacal ‘ecu! sjinent ears not eee ape Asering 0 4 ce t's iapoining enon performance nh grep pe ae fae oat her ha 2 ne of stent) ‘Mac Adyinct = Not Les Naud Hep the Por td te Exyrenmel (Aten th Recent eo ed Wines the canoe polie package is, arian 1pteaches 10st ter ow informal “pte eho” ie ul bck id se, Une hie seme, he Mimsy of Fation we nis lb spoil for moon ie guy ef each, sir proach pean he area hes ste sist eth ce sai pene enesinble "marks dirs nich benef the ron por sm amply scent meet seca andar fc serices Morster, es for pat eat ae operas ‘and efeney" These communis hold ali parc n he ‘igh prey ah ais by ubtaig te quid ase tonal many ite paid by the Minky est bya aid sn sents heath vote ‘There nahin exception of asl nef eel fed ected and ncton Te sap of fallen to meal supls (cud dspsale sages as mel as the pe tikes recommended he Word Bani cette and fel (eg ‘eyo oneness he cece finan ca | TiV'eaames) ns Saharan Aes, frisnc,eintty ay formset gee rede the fv of enn nil nin mene eh cer 0 he exe hx heath ifsc wo pesome em ge ied i este sion” While th et rsvery sekeme my ee the ied pearl sini set be of eh ener, the teeny ova 2) nse sal lication nthe ace delivery tem a ) 3 ‘siete mah verge saa res he en re eee sy conde map engage of harman and eta he Resurgence of Communicable Diseases InsubSahran Afi thre bas bee a esrgnoe ofa iter of com ict disees whch were Peeved tobe ude ort. Thx ale ‘her yellow eer and aria, Sioa im atin Aeon th prev fie seine of malin nd eng at worsened amily since the mi sin tems of pari indenes. Cnt ard prevention actives Esa anit mt the comtction of pubic expends vd he ral aspen prog) have dete asta. The eubreak Heke and meumone plague Iin n 1984 as oon eosin ibe ire conseuencs of 4 wosening fan saniton a public heli sree was asompns te sompressio of mahal and mane: ls nde the 1957 IMFord Bank sponsored sat dt "he soil consequences of satu austen fly ano feeder The IMF World Bok metodo cari, however, och sos” de sal dimension of adutmen™ 3 some ie acoring to he dominant conome dogma, these nots Vinton np. (Cee ert Ling Coral Boa Cre 1 ‘he Goerne. ‘ajc Pagar MF Sf Popes Wr 37. 3.2. 190. 16, ‘ia ties nh # mar say By UNICEF en “Sica ‘ijcmet wih Hoes Foe” hve xen the tpt of mace She See 2 ieee dee, int maa, ee hd ‘Apien, Osiod Ussenty Pes Aten, Ook Univesity Presof Hoth woul cei isonet and tnner te com of Se He BH Delon Report 199; vein Hei Se Mad Dacron of Aerator, The er Wes of Poe Mi Oe, ulty and boost coo. ev Poles that "deepen ce ad erste" are alo connate peter pee uli, The Wed Pink srt fet te nical amt propa (SAP) mprves eas economists i the bo are, we acknowledgtg tt ie a“ to women etted wl Ue cinscal eping. nthe comsizing of ate oa. Chapter 4 The World Bank and Women’s Rights he Wt Ban as sth dr of woe’ ihe wig co veers tn women lr ef ent Tigh Wore i = hg (ID) sped og teeing Sel, in a emer nd on ric i Aron em aprcnch ope reese meney va te! ety. ens ganesh nine erty ef wep ic copisng te py of me fl" ad cos ley he nen fo evn fo pt we’ Ever nk conte ut” bey sor eee nfm ane rene oe ely. ts ciel ta oven tke ed whee markt fl cap tee the fill benefit sey of invexmen women) Invent in women ae vil in ahig ora fice [Dost [T]heBark sto peor gnder quay rater Jinte sd eaanee womens partition in eso devs Wold Bank's Gender Perspective = World Bank cts a esto detemies he concen, mead stint mor carpet matSienna oyadCaam sic ia stew canon gan ein made eek ‘Stunt mc power ut aot oe nape Be TET en ty enor pes Taha careae nts ene pt mony in nhac tet mene 1s starar aoe Whew en mein op de Noite Raw it ert hapten 2 "HE PRORLEMATIZATION OF POVERTY: “THE TALE OF THREE WORLDS AND DEVELOPMENT ee ep dn ad oped Sect a vee ne ce tue ety oto We 1 {elite eongr od cmt ln ha ony ‘nal catenin p sro ey orse chiens The bes hp erp he tens The Dated tne eed at ern nme ‘Sul Sic vr $03 156, abe dene ly ‘lg Tabor ci ieee otf he ws cty Ine "cour pony ise ards ped ft Ihc no he i i he a ne {ule ye Bk Merl Rad BF eo tal se wasn othe ge Wap so a Sas it od Hanon 19 Fone mite eee Sea eee iosateaorant epee ots eee meee Sear ecen ee po eee So oe Sees Sem ey nd ny We hae Seo re Seb yee ae ee ceararce ee ee reese Pia remice Se ee one cateratlnataceicar bella eee ‘ell aoe dees tiated the tr te sea eer eaeer ene ‘paccvemyaeci acme era ae eae eee ee Eee eet Sete Setcreg mein oe ee aac aay ss saa ‘ecco gy rly eget ni, Mt ‘Spalted eoferny wld patsy ena eich an ‘en ocr coment cy by rt he ‘cet einotnpe m megment med ths pe ‘faves rwamoncnve mmen at de pote he nat ‘puget cn be venten yes py frome SI ‘sgercn Pn! eins ce ply awn th ‘rake mle puny nependec fn pemey e ‘Stn mi pl ce ate tnd he he [Solemn ere” Cocoa the mmr! fp ‘ae cre eon arene mob ‘me he nn lo amsation,w hd (onan dori cel reacted tm (Ber Wm, 0th, Cven, nul 9D ‘ert aoa eres he bce eminent ti he ni oc wa Nt ny pony bt Rh beatin Ingen cymes bed prt fife om an tes ee ‘arc pte ee enn tows so he eer ea anette roy a soe nen pened Apna pe (oe 189 sed ete mo pr me vores te tg ope Spe inci sod ‘Roetha tr she apc eng cr ‘en “te ods Th tay fr a yrs hE io sn ed a be hry af pment gh iain a sol pac yeh sd Ta te ned Ih Testo cielo weep ter 8 mth ih po mre ed git ch bd istyted metano the sedordcf we emcees ‘Sed sos noi scepen pry ads ed ‘ec nh smd germ cn he pap prey = la natu mne han wat congue sated ‘enti tet eh ws eed ny 18 ah 0 ‘ety ft nha be lpr ee stir tordt te a pian ne rade me sn ey oes oh "Row ry toa een ad eset 9 ee sei hah ca a ny pte on 5, Sar Smeny bt ee ened ci at ‘etl tthe gf kg tea send wy ed vel Te ‘Grete ti po nee pa, He, repeeee toon se gel pce CIR teri br tno pony tment ete he oe ste et ee (Cecte theless ‘SE aa rr monomer ne pe ote ‘ie an tie eel eye “etn iene ed enh rigs Oy IS tenons gr, Sct and ed pe ieee et geet ban lege ed eae Poti oy eerie of he Nw Soe he eee ha te grt Sad yh nati ‘Soman sn st ‘hae hw heaton ste tk sk cone he hacer wal eee pan The ae ge ten o Srebrenica oes Sate Sar Some toes rasan tae Siutoieennaestcenten Napa ctdty neil oe seitrcigethveme eres core “Then ont enghoted nthe goes was cnet td Spot gehen eer Eau eemat ame =e stereos stg psp Smee Tiaecsu peste eer we eae See Sie ‘Src msn nia ry ‘Sle beet ode Seo ee Selo SGhSiSoss Son cneteneegeceneetnin Seo ke a SesSrp Cie ee "ain af he te it plrced cl Newnes ett a Torey dean nen pa ard cpt ee ety cnr rhe ellen roel sceoppenn te Viet Momma ero pi arin Seer ve ou tip tn Cortech ast ie “he mat py te” Doon git ne pau tay se deers: iy arse em ge pat ‘nie he ny ann ch cae pay eee anon ey tae, ne igh a "Rottnest at tt le abou sented ermrfiarnan palanepranfee ‘romeg satpro sre ede sues (jet Sect! wo pe ah coal oe ‘nefits he Wes ss pepe ‘tara ceusetwtan nd pape Am lene Sera uch er men rec ot nef hea Dee rai ten elope ne ely CUR ion rare eeu ewe ainsbormcn Ere tend toh ect a ie kylie esol get pent sed ‘eee acer Yor “Rei peon retin bp ve pec at san here + ee re se rt Ce Sig ih ow cuss mgr seen Btn he ee ‘Dear nro tention pm! aay oe ‘ps8 Cer urpmedent eek Deo Feoa. A et mae oe SEU capregua oop Tweety er esate hes msn Ac one pets th sins Wer per rtp re mee meme ‘iM tain fe Pp pe oe tp ‘ect al ncn Seay wane eso ‘teat oon pyaar Sesegmet emer freemen ede td er, (Sgt dps of Ay test pf a ed ‘Shelton Se wef th a ce ‘rao’ scabs esr ett ct ed ‘meh cor chet te Src dcr nd prt oh ‘Si cp hh ptm ne owes a elo ere Sigil eh tapi see Seance Snide co Sede nnd oman te torts left ‘Sesan brea belied he mame ‘sol guernsey anc, Cope ‘Se eer ee os Rtn tb ladl 15, Cnet nd anu ee "fe nin een se let ame in, shogh he seine pee Sopa ms sate are Saito ern Aoman seer ned pee de (Toes cy dete cence fan my ee 25 tion beunder he ay megs acto co Facies at coy ‘iho dott pene ely ne ces Worse hand ‘ou lpver parted noparrei ieee ade (rie Uae Sac ncesgy tid rie ‘tn Ament ro nara py fit eet jd ipa a or 8 so ‘Es eatin US ven pana aie ee ‘sgn rane marae tn e e "le te fom” US secu se, hie he “ir‘Souk Ane "atc ema hen cme ‘er ‘ee ‘Zalag mt says ‘he ped rceal common and we bering ot sad pce ‘noe aon a Ente eect np ‘ga aay end ht ret ‘mc ta me ‘sey af he ber prt ft cer hen he Uy oe lm Cnn tr unr oe wre yea Rev tte sce sep ee sore Nt Ata ly em pnd Wesco main nd el pow pratense din he ‘ght et fo le wether es SecFseractr onthe ee ee ch an ot US seange setrat mo tng fo Wo one ti nn yr dr ‘Sonstige une ed eaten ge Nae Score hr ied Sr ha ht an Wats momoncdemccy su dened rhe 8 mde Spodon' tne nei pnd oth th Son ‘inhi roi ‘adc erin tae eps a Sentra ep er pes te ‘Tec Foner ame ne tenet em Do ovens en pd rey a {sn my nem cto pase ae ee a oe «a cern mre he thesdsenet es nd espa tr eed Wa eee, SS tee Seg Bee esos plore gene fo uae fans ps ns cameo yee ‘Amen oma eplsird mere an ar econ oe sl pas cea! Fcc cl Satan tte Ceieoteteeoe ene ad etieat rare Sen earcenenememiee ‘Seo. ibe the Bags contre of 88 ch ake de eho Speier eee Socotra rer eemeee Sertemsee ee ee ipecina eens ere Rkintorgess eta neat cee tg he Sno See Sate Pome tee Teac 2aecr eee eigen eaten Stee ener Soeureen de chained el pace ont armen espe and ot ‘Seiya aetnkgernienre Tembatase ce Tad Sekewionncam ny a ‘on ao et of mrs a a ee ee hes al tts peed he pl orden So etl ome rt od por ‘Sheed an ett ban he a re. ‘Est aetna ate ‘Sowa ate pened er el rl ore IS Stl lee natanton sd ee ‘ite i tl con at owen hewmen teed cic mobi Ca, ‘btn stgcm moc cone espa) ‘sat egal tee ilo beds prod Shee ede ewes be ‘tpt tepmtse weno eny vet andes Ti iment ae ge SERS ceri cet orn i cb these Wane ce soak cid iron ye the Staal pcgaier mica iene aE Se eee al ep om tee See Ra tay Say aielih echoes eh fy op le Serie an ee ran SE Seager epee cee Sie en ee ec SSR Siuelamed ep panne nod Seo, pers eee ates aoe oonahintetat areas See {Tin el as hg by se oman ese chet he pt el hewn ‘ine ae et renee he st he mar pew een Shh tng corre the Uc Nebel Sn Fics neon hehehe ie seis ‘Soo al wr ts tae eins Moree eins pen ol Ta ei we tbe Scene pda oe {ist chet The oma et cee 198 They mpl atria pry hate ae Mite soar teneine a ott Ge Bre ‘ren ire eee bo ac en siting ei "Svc anda! Wi repel See E he ut te aoe io Fae Pd ‘Sis pag nS entero mmestpoe "Fr te Ded Ste, he devin ener wt eontction of sep ral eso elt ae ‘Sipu seaetateery Seesr anldepesic tt seer eicen noes est anal no ‘heed aloe 1 sy late De Shee tb ths code Ute Sie spore Ep (Eaviecenae ands coins garage neg ‘Solent on rene nem aps 7 nn cm me ced th te Unned Suro poston stata See Ol epson amie at foe a eu fie bel a {STS mr ae ener, ah pabcTie Gy ne ne epi arose pea, it ete Comes lust pet ont os ect cemgg a lnemed oop wade the CSET owe el the er rans pes,‘SERA noL ey mses sce te ne poo {ceislaoe wa peal dara memes wre une ‘Sites ea sss oe he ne Sts ‘Shea san Tou in ied sa ton SUS Sn teenth fare ‘Snes sans de ag Nw Mat od Sf aif ne 18 nnn Cn of og Ma, SiS et oe eine ‘sete he ner hee oclorr ‘rman, ny et igh a eae ea ic ee aCsO belies ‘Nippon ce ne atta SS Sgr nastenfi oa perme aC eh fet st Rr ss! nnd te Mra Betieeemeneete ‘Sror mace hv hai rire ove rot ne Wet mal ses OP sn ok ‘Sl assert yon Ue me eee ep jt gt a ie sedge Str ‘oe warns Woe heer eto Bae he SCNT tn het pap Sa eins ee STIS ed aig att eo Miemy merersyhepberloe “he Ted tn eran he ne ota Gupre beh oon wen Enope wmf pron emt ey ng pt ee i bon ed od cb pen eat Rr pn ea eh Ted ed “es nat peat be don ie mt iit dere sags cet Section Bak psn Span nae at Sosa ntl Nonny Rd ater tere teuian tse, thems ren od ‘han Pind pels ein te al Po Sodan tne on 7A pent ay fet ecu ie a The Wen gute ed ‘Set ctteoagsamy iad ares "nl ennai) na tt ntnecator The ial ts tna ol ow ft pals nh re Secu ern enero Wl We le ‘Sahel e lah tenn td Wot det ose ‘te De rid nd ves var hs ed ay re ‘aya tone ge ree iin eo et ln eed iesohy teen ay eee an he vs ey sa rset to ret Rev ay nae Seraph omc a ‘eros etl cen nal hed devclopment eee ‘imc theo mee fe apgcnaly af e (ew erm tpt eh We my em he ‘wt pi a er mle el ‘Screed wel br bg peta mr tr ngepe sy nd ply nc fon Toe ‘Senha pou anya eye peer ‘Cito eae wed Reg endear ‘ite ede Rew aC bine cane enn ot ned Tid Wd alot ate ocean Soi nf tye eran a con An rig ilar pum ares epee Sects ea cece ‘st deeopmetsmconnon sept th ay 1 at ‘ores wnt hes por hy cul ce ‘SS pate eres emt ot rs p= ‘Silesia ate pts Te pd ect Sodan ‘an efcmbsg oneal ay oro ‘tie ner nae cng niche he er oe OS (uk Tie antl fcomueatm he anton scp oe de igre bape rece preen ee ‘ita te Sten mle ened nd Fi al mem cers ena a pong any een SoC ee al tn ee ‘Te to port tio td oat ‘ony ihe net pan en Smet a Ee efsautcan ou lord ving asan vested pe ‘Semone se eld vg wip israel ego eee Tikal test ply ed pers rene. re ‘ee Wo cme ufone a sth ts wal ir spe a aye et rsd rn pleat nth oe ys mae Tyither Sepa done ised opens all Shite cee eel oS) he Seuss hal a S2EGat nt act met itn orp ‘ete ny ro ne een SSUEN tase cao tv ed yo Ty sn ko Seomchatelncpmteemanetngahen acta, ‘Sosa era pny tent a2 foc mo tt ar hpi nha ar to ‘Bleep aed ae he prance fete seperti ma ee pay Sey pea papel ‘Dias neo etl id are eProni of Ses nd ral ‘eatin oe na alge yh ewer tng. ‘Steno a ee lea oer Scone ‘Scepter UN a ped i in ‘ion Se il Bao pres Send eyBSNS be reeere en Senco rel iencace aie Soin ain i 5 ch a ery ee ‘Sr ne fe We Cpr Acie EA (Ss he putes ete a of mpeg atpecocsan'n tate Aretroreasiosoent cheater as {Sih seer ole Sey ier wo act ee i cn "Shere ase ets of te hed Worn bal eon, sonnei pal etn ‘teens ati th nod mre ee ‘eatpteiricereftne tm seaport ‘Nore toe bon rsh Se poe ‘che tec le ane Sn tn cet ne a pn ew he nen eh aah wl af i ee ol al Seimei Oe ‘tinge te an omer Schad deo be alent of verti il ‘imam, pss toca vc itn np elapse ro be ‘Sip a de aa ie a teil sane! sound he eel pene nrg nes ‘tose ceed ye Re oe et Sa "Sinise he glace Sane ih EA ce Ded i ‘Secon fini et od pe eae pete a hel nome ei ees Soe {reciente ee ‘Seta ann cnet ne wir cris alin, Sets ened wey diferent le by (Shuey dees ate dase cr Swe. da es ee ‘incase ses end Step af ea (nections hi ad ‘siete speinnnand tang otcemmey rt ‘ete (on Te an perdi ecm ‘help tte coal le “wd ve apn! neg he wig fhesesame am thn ee a oy ran coc inl tebe seers el escape rene comes ‘Soto br mp es Some bn i Sie ta krone gee snc EEE ST aos Sa ape ctemmane (ode aby hw mt eh ined he aon ote ne tan edna eased wpeece mp eee ‘tte slg Seapets Tec lane ate aes worse nt seme ‘isSfhenecd nme sol shonne era ne ‘Ste ect the spree of uy ae Mee Sate eran ea eld tents ‘all pry preted Nae Aaa oats ed Sines Aneta coe ie Ue Sue th err sft rae sl etn i TEC tye pate iy orence eed ‘SR penne eerste Raa iow Trl sats wpe Sottero ‘lyme ea "thw er rey te we mes inpratcendatos ht le sen nye noe ge eco Te 2 or (Sri pce cee ak her ‘cca rt hang ren tor el dat ait eguen opi ep ‘enh ended cae pared eyo atu tethered Ts eet ng a he ei oe a ‘rattan gon, es enn ena ch ey co ett ey Etats peat sn td peel eh ta ee mer Whee il eh il Smut tee pope wenn ak en et [Bb coe trem ey eee Set‘ sug sew weve Sonar oor te ot ‘Send nes elthe deeded wr od ee ‘Sipe’ Aw pet conn owed ced nee “Inte dlp none cs yen me a pul Sa Novae dm min age ot ‘tlnd the omntan cour tad he poe alk he new ses tp dt me a ee nat (Ste frp ante ae eet ‘tran her morro pepe ene The rere Be ota leas pees yo png at ethene se sia pee ee Ute ‘Strid ce bm ht he at i Rn WE Exper epee sare ene and nt edo te py ent Ue pa ders we To delomat Ste ty pote ho few Seneca atone ete eh STM tet tthe nen re rcpt snr cps mecnvinncietea tenets ehh Siphiees ite tea hes Secretar ioanstacemeceny photarmaediesiteeieencetine hater ores Se eet St tet ect range cere CE a er tea poitierncocremscmec oy ees ange ret e Seer ea ee Si teeecesacteay peer es SoS aoeShag ceehtrat geet TS rar ciao “Facile tapi de at tee Ee ee Sie iakeneenetens Tiss sie rea Prine reece Sires meee nee cpeet Cianeataa teen Gece pearson ‘end tn be Se Be nee ‘tens? yo fhe HM mare Spe semen ot hd tes eirerdisat oie ices saat tga itr Ais fa gy Trtpnct deca rootless ‘Siete an bat Sony nic ek Srey oevoeedie ede “calmed ean made etn el ss nalstatt yen no hed ae em tr ose pv or ee ogee ai te clog ini, oi he din we ie ‘Sinope et ter te pt at ‘fhe pea te oan en ca pn oem it cate mein octet ct pr tee ‘atte Koel er er tat pon ty et new Siittametwad ade tebe ino oe “the ce ch gel ge eae smo Se td cy ry a ‘Swen al ep pent og pies. ‘Shen pcr other or ae ‘camer con orem re apa ao eet ‘lees mathecseme manips app ee Sitted te enc vi ction) Toe stra seeped ‘Sern Sip hence ea ‘ier mon Sele cm egy tae ine acrct egret atctednestat pest ie ce gh spa ae ae a Siebel ce Sears ‘hace usd ed pape i Wl wee ath rd Se le roe send sn hi ee pa ed ee ‘Spats thon soa cae) tevi tal ssa me Shoe ot “Sei penmet hch et aederc ak (Side por scent of nig So‘ica a i eprom {Beaches Se lens were pedir ene etisecgeun patentee nek at Schon Meu eho of tot nd er ‘Poeder ef pobre ng das Sooper Srpeeuornacce mre acpi Schlatmts male hme peton e ps Tri ei at 4 on Titgntte testbed tebe noms oo Spann henner ‘piel nat Ted Wil Te ad rn ne ono ‘Perla nfcam ae cpr cshchonsend st Sept akc ee Seamed pepealhnciratypeactana ‘ersngayeatertet ins acetone Deetograactaeereeeet amici ‘CBeeram ear sanaty etd nde pee SSE petal pote cd exe eee Sanpete Se es te ae ay aks af a ie ndings tes ie ic on ee ea he cg ca Ghat dugene pe df salts be ore Eile elses sce uct al oo "hemmed men apn omer ye ‘aitahwn tes er eee se ri Deer. nd te rn epee es oh Siok ane wget conc oo ei ct hve hte cL pth ot ‘epahc cst th dr a de ted ‘ee aan tye soap aes oe ‘eee can gs ns sree es ert tebe eerste Se macros ate ee ea eoeecianepeen oe eae ree eee Sok agekee acer SETS Giciciea a teperent Specter tr Sura aeceamaeameras Ere ert rere cece often hace choco iets Shearer a reek Feraaeaeicerames ici arcaciemeteree kee ore oe nea Siryceuaaerenenmantane Peter per eo e say cintewieinos en anams Episapeeenneenimamin reat dasa ae eae cae arate SSeeeeeneces Eueeteemeoe eee Sige apongen eoegicnerstaeet ‘Sou aa pin em aon re ‘Snes and coping and pos mer gl ‘Stemi powt th ea al my ‘alc te mim fhe op aed pel era tat Ke ‘Stet ls Mi edi tl pve ‘hdd oer poner hog man wt deeSke bene nies caer Til its oe tate ep wy end nse hot sed hepa he wee i CERES Ciel ehe onan eae ‘oer se ag eye eae tts and pd th geo tee had on da rset er Or pl aot th aed Thom bere fcc de pea fr es eet ‘CaS ft a teen pea omen fc eta yl Bk a en ‘tae any rion tua ata epee ert eee Feta Ex tela toe iat ee, ‘pte ree yi sane adem ce Titec tet tye oman ts one Sioa ena nme i adn “oma pb at deepen wa sages tobe all cba: pole ‘Semen nts beg de ‘Pomc hen hoc geo Sven Dovey we ced et sein pce ace Sons ele dap thence ert ‘oda anmol nar oer eer eta ere ‘Sivnouel wea soe bly eel oe ‘Steams tte bre cree ‘int vd coe sacs me oop oa Te isin nd int Dima ROOT‘ tet Se ado se at rocco nod plone ko ema ch Eiceerln dt vmrcnerne ath heh yen “ie pcan cf ocho ho ade nibh mane sed wed, pong eset eh Ae a ‘ahh hi od nes ss nee ‘hn fining mec a esa ses tr at ee vp ad et osprey ed ‘en fleets ed ew sea ‘ing congo es pat ay a ale ‘ictnck poms ats wpe roeSears nme eights nmi So ge at tin Seboeese diritti Pena ae error Sree eee acne poet eae! ao ‘ied at cation Ti el say mid Pore a peony gry seston pa at toons 0c ote fo of ney he meat of ‘Segieicuts tow a inno anti Tathiae ger hed wre tpt pe Sylora a in ga, Soper wp sec ht eet prea ‘eke ete saree te ena gh ‘tian ens tlc etn ee Teint ne wend Tos Edel tv leo ‘yoni cfr np eee ‘Ste ese “has peo Th Wc tne eee nl etn wearin key af ib [acon Beceem oreoending Slept ase Sinton Gtr ean nog i the US were [ethene et nn ly ted iu iepsinencecl oc pct or ces ft ‘co ry tena en ara ea [Cte peep ae ane ‘Riek on iy ht kes tuo rg bene proves Hiei the denn a TRENT i on el ce pe te doce ‘eee wt snd opin nein eae ed eco (Search cae de ap a cy em egon (9) so hte crn eg 2G femal ese re mae ‘Tien mpnlon pte ed apc petra ook ary aoe crm oe toed eRe sl wae ee ir ai et ig ty ‘uy senna byte core tt doses ew Tee aa icin tec hdr on Te lf epee pte opt aan abo brn pu ey cl ttt ames ee ee ee ‘nite ect ee SORE MER te nenrtm sin wy (Sa whar ne nl tc ae br ahs pn ‘a dy ag hegemonic 3 ‘Meee toe The dy cee te ‘dpe tei be a ee rt Tipe dg ctr ical sage py isk ‘neat na eboney ees ‘ogame gE Arf eo Seana ere age et ge Alcea be is a 10, et Sa "5 et hea hp ee i ep a coer pointe ey etl yng ‘Sr ie eshte ost yd rest oe mono oe sna wma Spel poe ay a ‘Satan oe epnon @epenmer er SNH Riya ae Se Nhl eng of See acca gn eho re ra nona otal eo ee uma cele iin sea othe orn tee ent Specie Sct connate a pty be ‘en tn gr gn inh ye re te ep tv ge en pu inca ailewmtng ses tn ent err nt AAT" ee tn ep cig tie Sse et ace op Seis vse my tng pee ge A ‘Spectrom mei cere ae sie nt Noo dei wre er he sqrtetvc ar ye tpl a Zao Se Seances oem caecr es Haag ee ceececnargeats ee oiemoeoceee Eee Seamer See aeenettret sa Se ihe cies ieee eeewearaia Eee teseae ores See eee Simeone Siemeenp tr oan ae en anctoter meneeitas See a Sere eeenreeee ate Sete emer ee Seer See area eg eeE ee eee cecaEsto sm ha ts te yh a ime aires hese ie a ecg at be pop nd twee cp ‘Reymintscdapcs ne mare pep ee ‘heal ne ee le pe ae ed He eure Sacen Aer tnt tee ‘sma Chenin ems st pp math fb kai ot ne aah a tema gett er ‘Semi amis cen ote ca mcr ‘yatta rhe adn adap (ieee Rca ad ft Sena sed SiN ie om my mecnoons ig meer Tinea cate tect Ce ni Signore cl My kag pte oe sSiiotefang erm hey geo he ‘iting di egw oi cand ponies "ce fh nae eon Sige idea ett eet Sa Stony oe tna oven “emt gc a ‘Seg heen oe ac at i oer te ane Se Re ie a deo Weegee etree ptr cay ont ‘pele ne ta ne hy a panna per eof ger ne ‘sto ied orton lo vA hy ten SSieuvipatsene roan tasepaced tend cniegene See Sia Speaceauageencea ashes eaenrrs Socsce saa iee eae Aigastaaeacuemnemen ce SSS cena cron ita scteesaiacmiearce Sip ceeoneae aarenacet Scien reece Ss sie ae teme pera ty Site ae cysaweeencmryece Steamer Perea rare See een ce eeece ease temtica seslnentaesicacaaas iene ia Sew on nme te mete te meee ete sc cote, Cenaraoierettenacees Saitama enceecea Eacaarenescrouesne Easeetiroenamaees aeons Seetee canines Seraeeeye eastern ehaenanatern icone eee ce cicero Sienistceremesnrtoneast Soe meee cea biemetenes nett EAS eee{Foc ie oe wa foes a Tipe tutes so rng [Sms ena sce er esp en ‘Shiela er nba oe ape ‘wdc fd Wal edhow ytd pet men ‘Shane prt nt ny tree eee Sushhetomronete ata SSUES Tacee Sen Saw deny aaecees eee Riosurcscan eens we eee ere cokes one alana te wy of xen of tl etch ens fete gimme ent ee Sorte Som eerie aeons oor Same amiogen rw matte Jerome ‘oe speci amzame eet tee eae eaaaeeee eeserarreaatce tinaet pected merle ere eerste ctiecaeeee ns ee eee oe eee Fr tener oti peo eo het al er ny tg ‘csc Ta dal cay rt The ‘on ipoe nahn pane tat mah rer OF ‘mine ty er eb cov tr he ‘Smear thy enero rhe ‘Soe geese cr eer oe png a ‘po le denn rhs tee Pt ‘ratte enced pet ‘tits wd yn Sef ec felts tds ope ed de utero pc slp fd ce isis inuge ef cme el spre Soe Shahar yr tar ren Set ec weed ei one poled oa e+e ay Tete gee a i bch cep (i wear tye erat he eecpme dn be ahem tee ee Secon he ee = fier bing ‘ren hey te ton sed atl rs ‘nso Tok ht sey ions ee on dort "fecha felt at te ey ae aed the teresa teeane stlcscn een ‘pe de om en ne ed ender eth mpeenter beara pe oe te Pd ‘io eps cee omg ec a he ‘et a some ed lp at 3 Saute hem iy eae pe ed ae od em Trecho spre oiacpa accion ieee darn semen “a er ana en ove ‘Tp ean prt eenchemenl earoesng te pr carts een anactee ett Sane ser emis Sn ae lee ic Se eee ere So See eens Be ceeeeniemtatia. ES teeter nae el comet (vedere sed pen» aren arty Soest iricuaascmacranarse Sr a ere and deat wah Bowe tesa te bere exgotaton sme seen ihote cote ere oe nee is gr armen cae Se erie rts Blame bas eines peesgeaet eee Chane soeitedhpaenmeeer at SS ee ormenceest =o pled cee aeter end Sera ees tgetyomestrerite Sa Se Spey nme rem ad la ire ‘pens rue ey el 20 ih dn ‘Sei aaa pny any "hed he Shukla spd Sone heh nat ite oc Rap er rl nemesting SP Spy erp Se demure of moat eda coo ue| ‘The Origins of the “Ra CORNER Third RCs SERS HOUSE SSsiceh aotteetmradir es eet eatapeeclantlate oneal re ale ‘honey oer pot ang pense ‘Sialhiciereermeneeeneetoetrs aye thepue amerc Serene teen deren need Snstoniyae peace ae nia aid Speirs mine nae oectr hag ‘Sishdoar ace meteor he great fies vert org ns of the ser Joe tha ad noted thir ‘cere the frst pace. Stating btn Iifeasd tenth re se commodity ‘pretation ou ove Sie and thew! a ind capacity ofthe | Peta Sop fare the enstory research os domoised the seeatype that poverty and everpopaation were pcos “nett sent fies Dronght eas det fain i deitonetae Ine paces of the jaro Moder markets ‘eseerta rather thon tee the fone soe he ight : senateRevenae and “ime ntneechttne tmnt | iigtion pois omelet farmers Toprol for orci osumption at te pric of thst conjod Famine ae social “ies tet mya SSeS | airy SSeS | are Principe ere exulaniy inked rovegitinise Jamin policy i ‘nia, The Bric tere tered of setting tng precedent for proving wel Jor th dian por,ort Cina gent disso testa fare of the ott at te amin mignon sorting rade ‘stretion for ‘pis aed cholera the forme (mone estimate, sear eho option ik Toe yrs of song ii rh “heat te sown Sone toy.As nother posse stat ‘ecu oe penta on the [state fer guarantos ‘of serotonin ines fear | | | setts dom nant rate Chinese orsign tad ot ‘hy inten ‘tary de fcr th | seats | tecernget whole fresede North Chinese gree ews ‘apn tem Inotwhen te stare Eke sveaunatasnrtlacess tons cet om) soa gran stebyng find dane conte stecomplees wee te Gold Stender tuda New Inport‘Gunboats and Messiahs: The Uses of Famine i nal " : i a a He eh t iti Ge iIu Europe's Ae of ens the sine mirteeatateeriteic kus | Rapid weming Simei | here trea! | "tested wth inaghant vet perso ia, aie nt eeIn the ni cghtonthcotary, the Chinese Damar cout obits anne ret more ‘Meta han ty Earp Conmarciatention SSS ose| Aner they af the scram ENSO ‘Ethewost mporaat sone of loa climate SSG emt antes | Disses that jen athrinted to Growing social ier imate sritty totTradition and Demography or Gunboat Bullying? cores, Eke nian China Aidt enter ‘moder ory a the eps ands i ses — ce caks em ennui a surmers bcnme | ore tne to termined fod | Texyeote sata” sutra tsrtrs as security. st | Financ crete | [eee ceee ieceaeer see sepetore isopotette Saari | end eer Seats " 2 wernteaticatons in rough-pone rego ere ished onto eine bverpapalaion than the Bate dan ox ete atten by a nw S| dovop or mga tye and connie response Soe competing | ner county Rifettng (Ssettanepitrireede eco semagrep ‘etrminin does ‘coef a Chins ve Should ge romney Sl atence isis tnd discater ‘nerCotton's Naked Miserypried scanty a probien orth fst Fine Subsstnce one Souls igh nner 0 timate changes, Inigo ae fr forest sntainebity. | Inia re ca potent cigs rom thee btigtion to ett ot ake tp the short Common tands Sve tnisorme Five propery or tute monopolies fre goods bresme ‘tram elo aed Encorea Farsters resets from sutherivg fer or noo ese ‘he et of the mie Mts ied ot outside the modern ‘world sete at | tev process of ing forty scorned ila | etconomie end | oical“THE CORNER HOUSE BRIEFING PAPERS mon money | one Seren crore = | we nae Penicing anc Vista Metco No ire ent tortie Roe