#/@

# (hashtag): Used to mark keywords or topics in a tweet. It was created organically by Twitter users (UNIT 3).

@: The @ ('at') sign is used to call out usernames in Tweets, like this: Hello @Twitter! When a username is preceded by the @ sign, it becomes a
link to a Twitter profile (UNIT 3).

AEDEAN: The Spanish Association for English and American Studies. Source: aedean.org/

Atlas.ti: A powerful workbench for the qualitative analysis of large bodies of textual, graphical, audio and video data. It offers a variety of
sophisticated tools for collecting data.

Abstract: An abstract is a brief summary of a research article, thesis, review, conference proceeding or any in-depth analysis of a particular
subject or discipline, and it is often used to help the reader quickly ascertain the purpose of the paper. It always appears at the beginning of a
manuscript or typescript, acting as the point-of-entry for any given academic paper or patent application.

Academic or Scientific journals: They are not so accessible to the public at large as the previous examples. They are meant for professional
associations, constituting journals with a minimum of quality. The following are widely used by the scientific community:

1- Public Knowledge Project (PKP): It is an open source tool used by many Public Libraries, universities, ministries and other relevant
institutions all around the world.
2- Revue: It is an open source platform to host collections of books and scientific e-journals that belong to Open Edition along with
Calenda (to add and receive alerts about academic and scientific events in French) and Hypotheses (for academic blogs in Spanish
French and German language)
(UNIT 5).

Accessibility: Computers vary by a processor speed, screen size, etc. Users vary in language, gender, age, culture, preferences and interests.
Other unexpected differences that also need to be addressed by creators are skills, ability levels, etc. Designing for diversity increases the
number of people able to access a website and increases their level of involvement with it. The benefits of universal design in websites extends
beyond the elderly or disabled populations. It addresses internationalization, very important in today's marketplace, providing for
interoperability with many applications and tools for the disabled, and providing customization and localization features for people from
different countries and cultures (UNIT 5).

Adobe InDesign: It is a solution offered by Adobe suite very similar to the already mentioned QuarkXpress but it has been thought to produce
material for electronic devices. Wikipedia offers a very complete article on the evolution of this programs. Its appearance is very similar to
other applications of the same suite (UNIT 5).

AESLA: Asociación Española de Lingüística Aplicada (see here).

Aggregator (RSS): also called feed reader, news reader, RSS reader or simply aggregator, is client a Web application which aggregates
syndicated web content such as news headlines, blogs, podcasts, and video blogs (vlogs) in one location for easy viewing (Source: Wikipedia).
Examples: Google Reader, RSS Owl, Feedly, etc.

ANOVA (Analysis of Variance): A statistical analysis tool that separates the total variability found within a data set into two components:
random and systematic factors. The random factors do not have any statistical influence on the given data set, while the systematic factors do.
The ANOVA test is used to determine the impact independent variables have on the dependent variable in a regression analysis (Source:

TICS glossary – Uxue Goikoetxea

Investopedia). / A collection of statistical models used to analyze the differences among group means and their associated procedures (such
as "variation" among and between groups) (Source: Wikipedia) (UNIT 4).

APA: The American Psychological Association is the largest scientific and professional organization representing psychology in the United
States. APA is the world's largest association of psychologists, with more than 134,000 researchers, educators, clinicians, consultants and
students as its members. (Source here) (UNIT 5).

APA Style: APA Style® originated in 1929, when a group of psychologists, anthropologists, and business managers convened and sought to
establish a simple set of procedures, or style rules, that would codify the many components of scientific writing to increase the ease of reading
comprehension. As with other editorial styles, APA Style consists of rules or guidelines that a publisher observes to ensure clear and consistent
presentation of written material. (Source here) (UNIT 5).

Bibliographic database: It is a database of bibliographic records, an organized digital collection of references to published literature, including
journal and newspaper articles, conference proceedings, reports, government and legal publications, patents, books, etc. In contrast to library
catalogue entries, a large proportion of the bibliographic records in bibliographic databases describe analytics (articles, conference papers,
etc.) rather than complete monographs, and they generally contain very rich subject descriptions in the form of keywords, subject
classification terms, or abstracts (Source: Wikipedia). (UNIT 1)

Bibliographic management applications (BMA): these are tools that allow creating, managing, organizing and displaying journal articles or
books references easily obtained from a database, journal, web site, etc. apart from generate bibliographic lists attending to different
standards. Examples: Procite, EndNote, Reference Manager. (UNIT 2)

Bibliographic platform: thousands of databases accessed through the same portal; contents cover innumerable disciplines, from general to
very specialized; libraries acquire rights of access for a limited period of time; may contain embedded databases or reach agreements with
smaller ones.(UNIT 1)

BMA Classics: Some authors apply this term to some of the pioneer companies in this field. These are: EndNote (perhaps the most widespread
one), ProCite, and Reference Manager. Most of them need to be installed in a computer to be used. (UNIT 2)

CALL: Computer-Assisted Language Learning. It is succinctly defined in a seminal work by Levy (1997: p. 1) as "the search for and study of
applications of the computer in language teaching and learning". CALL embraces a wide range of information and communications technology
applications and approaches to teaching and learning foreign languages, from the "traditional" drill-and-practice programs that characterised
CALL in the 1960s and 1970s to more recent manifestations of CALL, e.g. as used in a virtual learning environment and Web-based distance
learning. It also extends to the use of corpora and concordancers, interactive whiteboards,Computer-mediated communication (CMC),
language learning in virtual worlds, and mobile-assisted language learning (MALL). (Source: www.wikipedia.com) (UNIT 3)

CAQDAS: Computer Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis. It's the use of computer external image arrow-10x10.png to aid qualitative research
such as transcription analysis, coding and text interpretation, recursive abstraction, content analysis, discourse analysis, grounded theory
methodology, etc. (Sources here and here).( UNIT 4)

Citation System: a set of rules complied in a style book so that any person who follow it can be coherent when presenting an eassay, article,
etc... in an academic context. There are many standards to be followed like MLA, etc...

Cite U Like: It is very similar to Mendeley's idea, sharing references is one of its strong points. One of the possible disadvantages is that it is full
of advertising, though all of it are academic matters. (UNIT 2)

Cite While You Write: The EndNote version of RefWorks' Write-N-Cite.

CMC (Computer Mediated Communication): any communication that occurs through the use of two or more electronic devices. While the
term has traditionally referred to those communications that occur via computer-mediated formats (e.g., instant messaging, email, chat

TICS glossary – Uxue Goikoetxea

rooms), it has also been applied to other forms of text-based interaction such as text messaging. It can be divided into synchronous and
asynchronous modes. In synchronous communications all participants are online at the same time (e.g. IRC), while asynchronous
communications occurs with time constraints. (e.g. email). People choose asynchronous communication like email for delayed, controlled and
longer messages. CMC is widely discussed in language learning because it provides opportunities for language learners to practice their
language. (Source here). (UNIT 3)

Command Syntax Language: Using the mouse to pull down menus and select options is called the "point-and-click" method. There is another
method of specifying commands, namely, typing the commands into the so-called Syntax Window. This is called the "syntax" method. (UNIT
4)

Concord: Concord is a program which makes a concordance using plain text or web text files.

To use it you will specify a search word or phrase, which Concord will seek in all the text files you have chosen. It will then present a
concordance display, and give you access to information about collocates of the search word, dispersion plots showing where the search word
came in each file, cluster analyses showing repeated clusters of words (phrases) etc. (UNIT 4)

Connect: In Twitter, the Connect tab lets you view interactions, mentions, recent follows and retweets. Using the Connect tab you are able to
view who has favorited or retweeted your tweets, who has recently followed you, and all of your @replies and @mentions. (UNIT 3)

Connotea: It is a completely and web-based tool with no storage limits to share with other colleagues you’re articles and other sort of
references works. You can import and export references, create groups, work with RSS, and tags, etc. The application runs in different
browsers (external image arrow-10x10.png, external image arrow-10x10.png, Safari and others).(UNIT 2)

CoP (Community of Practice): Groups of people who share a concern or a passion for something they do and learn how to do it better as they
interact regularly. They have become virtual in the last two decades. (UNIT 3)

Consorcio Madoño: The Consortium of Universities of the Region of Madrid and the UNED for Library Cooperation (Madroño) was created by
the Protocol signed in Madrid on 9 June 1999 by the Vice-Chancellors of seven universities. The main aim of the Consortium is to improve the
quality of library services by promoting inter-library cooperation in order to achieve the following:

Increased scientific productivity as a result of improved access to libraries for the Consortium universities through bibliographic
information and inter-library loans.
Improvement of current library services, reducing cataloguing costs by sharing resources.
Plans for cooperation, joint library services, shared purchases of resources and connection to national and international networks.
Collaboration in any other initiatives arising out of inter-library cooperation and collective catalogues, especially within the Region of
Madrid.
The members of the Madroño Consortium are committed to the “open access” movement. All the Madroño Consortium universities
have signed the Berlin Declaration. The materials are mostly in Spanish but you may find sources in English, too. (UNIT 1)

CORPUS : All the writings or works of a particular kind or on a particular subject; especially : the complete works of an authorb : a collection or
body of knowledge or evidence; especially: a collection of recorded utterances used as a basis for the descriptive analysis of a language.
Examples of corpus:a computerized corpus of English. Jane Austen's corpus is modest in number but magnificent in achievement. UNIT 4.

CSV Format: A CSV file consists of any number of records, separated by line breaks of some kind; each record consists of fields separated by
some other character or string, most commonly a literal comma or tab. (Eg. Excel page). (UNIT 4)

Database: A database is an application that manages data and allows fast external image arrow-10x10.png and retrieval of that data. Melania
Cárceles (UNIT 2).

Dataset (or Data set): A data set (or dataset) is a collection of data, usually presented in tabular form. Each column represents a particular
variable. Each row corresponds to a given member of the data set in question. It lists values for each of the variables, such as height and weight
of an object (Source: Wikipedia). / Any organized collection of data. (Source: OECD) (UNIT 4).

Dialnet (UNED): Spanish database developed by the University of La Rioja. It already has reached more than 1.000.000 users being one of
the main references for most of the researchers and professors working at the Spanish universities. The access to some full text versions of the

TICS glossary – Uxue Goikoetxea

entries depends on the journals subscribed by your institution, having the possibility to borrow a document from other institution if is
required. There is a service with a list of journals included in Dialnet with full text links (only of you are logging in with a institution subscribed
to the journal / article that you are searching. This service is known as Dialnet Plus. Most of the publications linked here are based in Spain,
which means that most of them will be written in Spanish except for some edited by associations directly related to English Studies. (UNIT 1)

DOI (Digital Object Identifier): it is a number that acts as a permanent identifier for electronic resources (articles, books, abstracts, images...) It
allows the users to track the resource in a database or even in the net in an easy and fast way, and it is more reliable than the URL of the site in
which the document is stored, because the DOI can be tracked even if the source changes from one server to another. The DOI is also very
useful for scientific publications, because an article can be quoted using this number, even if it hasn't been included in a publication yet (and
therefore lacks the data neccesary for proper quoting). (UNIT 1)

CONCORD KEY-WORD FREQUENCY RELATED TO CORPORA: Keywords are those whose frequency is unusually high in comparison with
some norm.In order to make a Key Word Analysis you need two Word Lists, a wordlist for your corpus and a “reference” corpus. Only then
can you compare the frequency of each word in the two lists. The reference corpus usually has to be quite large and of a suitable type for
keywords to work.

Delicious Stacks: It's one of the tools to prevent spam. If you already have a Delicious account, you could create a stack just by adding your
selected tags to a front cover. Depending on the meta-information coming from each imported link, you could obtain a nicer or more complex
appearance. Each link will show the number of ‘savings’ it has, notes that you may have in your delicious account, comments or if have marked
it as favorite. Apart from that, you can also invite other contributors to add more links. (UNIT 5)

E-book: An e-book is an electronic version of a traditional print book that can be read by using a personal computer or by using an eBook
reader.(UNIT 1)

EndNote: Most complete BM developed by Thomson Reuters.It is possible to create groups to share references, images, it also has a web-
based version with 10.000 references. (UNIT 2)

ERIC (Education Resources Information Center): It's the most important a comprehensive database about education. (UNIT 1)

EBSCO : EBSCO Information Services provides a complete and optimized research solution comprised of research databases, e-books and e-
journals—all combined with the most powerful discovery service and management resources to support the information and collection
development needs of libraries and other institutions and to maximize the search experience for researchers and other end users. EBSCO is
the leading service provider of e-journal, e-package and print subscriptions, e-resource management tools, full-text and secondary databases
(via EBSCO Publishing), and related services for all types of libraries and research organizations. EBSCO maintains a title database of more
than 300,000 listings and upholds relationships with more than 79,000 publishers around the world. For more information, visit
www.ebsco.com. (UNIT 1)

European Library: It permits to do searches in 48 National Libraries in Europe in 35 different languages freely. This includes all of the
bibliographic records of Europe (the Union Catalog, University of Oxford’s Bodleian Library), plus over 24 million pages of full-text content
and 10 million digital objects. If search for "Canterbury Tales", more than 3000 Items will be found, including videos, illustrations scanned
from manuscripts, books, articles, etc. A map with the locations with all the findings will be added too, apart from links to Mendeleys'6
profiles. (UNIT 1)

Early English books online (NU): It contains digital facsimile page images of most of the works printed in England, Ireland, Scotland, Wales and
British North America and as well as works in English from 1473-1700. It has access to Full text documents. (UNIT 1)

E-page Creator: It is a tool to create unlimited digital publications from PDF, SWF and image files. You may have different options depending
on the price you have paid. The magazine shown below has the following features:

Share, Print, Save as PDF, Background Color, Save as PDFand Thumbnail View. (UNIT 5)

EuroCALL: European Association for Computer-Assisted Language Learning. Source: http://www.eurocall-languages.org

TICS glossary – Uxue Goikoetxea

 F

Feedly: is a news aggregator application. It compiles news feeds from a variety of online sources..The user can also customize the content
aggregated by Feedly to include their own external image arrow-10x10.png preference of RSS feeds. Any article can be shared using e-mail,
Facebook, external image arrow-10x10.png+, Tumblr, Twitter, and a variety of other services. The Feedly mobile application is available for
iOS (iPhone, external image arrow-10x10.png), and Android devices. (Source: Wikipedia). (UNIT 2)

FreeMind: is an open source tool that allows one to create mind maps. It is very similar to MindManager, but it has less functionalities.
Nevertheless, it permits to export to many extensions (HTML, pdf, rft, etc.). It is written in external image arrow-10x10.png but it has no
possibility to synchronize with tablets. It can only be installed in PCs. (Source: course material Aplicaciones de las TIC en los Estudios Ingleses.)
(UNIT 4)

FREQUENCY : The number of repetitions of a periodic process in a unit of time: asa : the number of complete alternations per second of an
alternating currentb : the number of complete oscillations per second of energy (as sound or electromagnetic radiation) in the form of waves.
UNIT 4

Gamification: is the use of game thinking and game mechanics in non-game contexts to engage users in saving problems and increase user's
self contributions. (UNIT 3)

Google Scholar: Is a specialized search engine that may complement the use of Rebiun. Once you visualize the results of a search on the
screen, you could get a link to Rebiun or the catalogue of any University if you have previously configured the application to do that. (UNIT 1)

Google Book: A very similar engine to Google Scholar one is Google Books. Thanks to it, you can have open access to some pages of the book,
locate different bookshops to buy it even save them in your virtual book-shelf. (UNIT 1)

Google Drive: It is the new version of the previous Google Docs. It is thanks to this one, that you could synchronize documents contained in
your computer. Among other utilities (word processor, spreadsheet, presentations, etc.), it includes the option to create a form with the
possibility to retrieve the results in a single spreadsheet.

Gutenberg Project: It is a very well-known project that has been compiling classic books In English (now other French, Portuguese and Dutch
versions) to spread literature and the love for literature in general through Internet. There is a mobile version as well.

Hyperlink: A hyperlink (or simply link) is a reference to data that the reader can directly follow, or that is followed automatically.A hyperlink
points to a whole document or to a specific element within a document. A user following hyperlinks is said to navigate or browse the
hypertext.

A hyperlink has an anchor, which is the location within a certain type of a document from which the hyperlink can be followed only
from the homepage; the document containing a hyperlink is known as its source code document. For example, in an online reference
work such as Wikipedia, many words and terms in the text are hyperlinked to definitions of those terms. Hyperlinks are often used
to implement reference mechanisms, such as tables of contents, footnotes, bibliographies, indexes, letters, and glossaries.
In some hypertext, hyperlinks can be bidirectional: they can be followed in two directions, so both ends act as anchors and as
targets. More complex arrangements exist, such as many-to-many links (Source: Wikipedia).

TICS glossary – Uxue Goikoetxea

Hypertext: It is a text with hyperlinks (Source: Wikipedia).

Hypothesis: According to the Merriam Webster dictionary, it is a "proposition tentatively assumed in order to draw out its logical or empirical
consequences and test its consistency with facts that are known or may be determined". In relation to the contents showed in the Unit 4, in
which this concept is included, a hypothesis, along with sample, population and the type of close-ended items contained in the
questionnaires, is one of the element to take into account when we collect data.

Interaction: In statistics, an interaction may arise when considering the relationship among three or more variables, and describes a situation in
which the simultaneous influence of two variables on a third is not additive (Source: Wikipedia). / An effect of interaction occurs when a
relation between (at least) two variables is modified by (at least one) other variable. In other words, the strength or the sign (direction) of a
relation between (at least) two variables is different depending on the value (level) of some other variable(s). (Source: StatSoft).(UNIT 4)

ITunes U: Is a product created by Apple. It is a space used by universities and other institutions related to research and education to upload e-
books, audio and video files of conferences, speeches, talks, etc. delivered by university professors and specialists in different topics. (UNIT 4)

J-STOR: Apart from serving as a database, It provide contents of more than 200 Language and Literature studies, 40 in Applied Linguistics,
more than 300 in History and many disciplines more dealing with English Studies. (UNIT 1)

Jaws: Apple made a compromise with accessibility. That could be one of the main reasons not to show Flash websites, since this application is
not easily convertible to voice with the program people with view disabilities frequently use, called Jaws. (UNIT 5)

Keyword: (related to corpora) is a word whose frequency is unusually high in comparison with some norm (UNIT 4).

KeyWord: This is a program for identifying the "key" words in one or more texts. Key words are those whose frequency is unusually high in
comparison with some norm (UNIT 4).

Likert Scale: it is a psychometric scale commonly involved in research that employs questionnaires. It is the most widely used approach to
scaling responses in survey reseach, such that the term is often used interchangeably with external image arrow-10x10.png scale. It is named
after its inventor, psychologist Rensis Likert. Likert scaling is a bipolar scaling method, measuring either positive or negative responses to a
statement. The format of a typical five-level Likert item could be: 1-Strongly disagree; 2-disagree; 3-Neither agree nor disagree; 4-Agree; 5-
Strongly agree. (Source here). (UNIT 4)

LINCEO: Apart from all these databases, UNED has recently launched a meta-searcher called LINCEO7. As shown In the Image below, once
you begin to type your search on the screen, several suggestions related to your enquiry will appear. With this engine, you can search and
access to e-resources (e-books, e-journals and Open Access journals, databases, etc). Some of them even have the direct link to the full text
without having to change the interface. You have a complete guide here: http://www.uned.es/biblioteca/guia_linceo/presentacion.htm.
(UNIT 1)

Linguistics Abstracts Online (NU): Over 72,000 linguistic abstracts from over 600 journals. The full access is available as well through cross-
ref. Your institution needs to be subscribed to this service in order to do searches on it. (UNIT 1)

TICS glossary – Uxue Goikoetxea

List on twitter:The lists are a filter that allows see the tweets of concrete users, whether we are following a lot of accounts and take us follow
within our time line (lists of all the tweets of accounts we are following). We can set apart some of these accounts.

Literature Online(UNED): It has a recollection of full-text works in English dating from the Anglo-Saxon period to the current time. Since its
launch in 1996, Literature Online has become valued throughout the world for the new possibilities it brings to both research and teaching.
This is partly because of its unique content – Literature Online contains resources for over 17,500 authors, more than 350,000 literary works,
and the full text of over 315 specialist literature journals – but also because of scholarly editorial values that are the product of a high level of
editorial input from the academic community and from specialist researchers.From October 24th it is accessible from the UNED. Thanks to a
database like this, you can access to digitalized images of ancient texts from your own institution with the possibility to zoom images, print
some pages, take your own time to read any work in detail, etc.(UNIT 1)

Luminarium: It is one of the pioneer "libraries" on the Internet. It enables you to read and work with British texts from the Middle Ages to the
Restoration period. It is based on a very detailed set recollection of links for each author. (UNIT 1)

Mango Languages: Different online language courses presented in conversational format with prices starting at free. Source:
http://www.mangolanguages.com

MATLAB: is a high-level language and interactive environment for numerical computation, visualization, and programming. Using MATLAB,
you can analyze data, develop algorithms, and create models and applications. The language, tools, and built-in math functions enable you to
explore multiple approaches and reach a solution faster than with spreadsheets or traditional programming languages, such as C/C++ or
external image arrow-10x10.png™. You can use MATLAB for a range of applications, including signal processing and communications, image
and video processing, control systems, test and measurement, computational finance, and computational biology. More than a million
engineers and scientists in industry and academia use MATLAB, the language of technical computing. (Source here). (UNIT 4)

MALL (Mobile Assisted Language Learning): it describes an approach to external image arrow-10x10.png that is assisted or enhanced through
the use of a handheld mobile device. MALL is a subset of both Mobile Learning (m-learning) and Computer-assisted language learning (CALL).
MALL has evolved to support students’ external image arrow-10x10.png with the increased use of mobile technologies such as mobile phone
(cellphones), MP3 and MP4 players, PDAs and devices such as the iPhone or iPad. With MALL, students are able to access external image
arrow-10x10.png materials and to communicate with their teachers and peers at any time, anywhere. (Source here). (UNIT 3)

Mean: In the case of a discrete probability distribution of a random variable X, the mean is equal to the sum over every possible value
weighted by the probability of that value; that is, it is computed by taking the product of each possible value x of X and its probability P(x),
and then adding all these products together, giving

mu = sum x P(x)
mu = sum x P(x)
(Source: Wikipedia). Another definition with some examples here / The statistical mean refers to the mean or average that is used to
derive the central tendency of the data in question. It is determined by adding all the data points in a population and then dividing
the total by the number of points. The resulting number is known as the mean or the average. (Source: Technopedia).

Mendeley: 'Free reference manager and social network that helps you organize your research, collaborate with others online and discover new
research' (Source: Mendeley introductory video). In the same way as Zotero, it permits to create groups to share reference citations. There are
even already created groups, shown in Mendley's website that you could ask to be accepted as member to go on sharing bibliography on
specialized topics.Also see Mendeley Desktop (here) . (UNIT 2)

Mention: Mentioning another user in your tweet by including the @ sign followed directly by their username is called a "mention". It also refers
to tweets in which your username was included. (UNIT 3)

Microblogging: is a broadcast medium that exists in the form of blogging. A microblog differs from a traditional blog in that its content is
typically smaller in both actual and aggregated file size. Microblogs “allow users to exchange small elements of content such as short
sentences, individual images, or video links”, which may be the major reason for their popularity. These small messages are sometimes called
microposts. Source: wikipedia.org

TICS glossary – Uxue Goikoetxea

MindManager: was the first tool designed by Mindjet to create concept and mind maps, depending on the mode that you select from the
beginning. It can be integrated within different Office Applications, generate pdf, synchronize with mobile external image arrow-10x10.png,
etc. It also permits to capture information from the web to be organized later with the option to be synchronized with our mobile gadget,
something rather useful if you feel the need to take note when travelling or you do not have your PC with you. (Source: course material
Aplicaciones de las TIC en los Estudios Ingleses.) (UNIT 4)

MLA (Modern Languages Association): Bibliography International is the most important database dealing with language Studies. It includes
Linguistics, Literature, Culture and Cinema. (UNIT 1)

Mode: The value that appears most often in a set of data (Source: Wikipedia). The mode is the value that occurs most often. (Source: here and
here). / The most common value obtained in a set of observations. For example, for a data set (3, 7, 3, 9, 9, 3, 5, 1, 8, 5), the unique mode is 3.
(Source: WolframMathWorld).UNIT 4)

MOOC: Massive Open Online Course. Online course aimed at unlimited participation and open access via the Web. In addition to traditional
course materials such as videos, readings and problem sets, MOOCs provide interactive user forums that help build a community for the
students, professors, and teaching assistants (TAs). MOOCs are a recent development in distance education. (Source here). (UNIT 4)

Next Chap: It is a really new proposal to give the new authors the opportunity to publish their works. It is called Next Chap because they only
need to write and submit to be voted one single chapter in order to go on showing the rest if what is being shown there likes or not.In the same
as other registers, you can use your Facebook or Twitter profile to log in. (UNIT 5)

Open access libraries: Kind of libraries open to the whole world of internet under the form of a wiki, to share or upload. Melania Cárceles (UNIT
1)

Open source software: Computer external image arrow-10x10.png with its source code made available and licensed with a license in which the
copyright holder provides the rights to study, change and distribute the software to anyone and for any purpose. Open-source software is very
often developed in a public, collaborative manner. (Source)

Paper.li it is a content curation service. It enables people to publish newspapers based on topics they like and treat their readers to fresh news,
daily. People are the ones that are qualified to curate the content that matters most. They help each other in their communities to find their
way through the "massive content world".

Password manager: Software that helps a user organize passwords and PIN codes. The external image arrow-10x10.png typically has a local
database or a file that holds the encrypted password data for secure logon onto computers, networks, external image arrow-10x10.png and
application data files. Many password managers also work as a form filler, thus they fill the user and password data automatically into forms.
These are implemented using a browser extension, smart card application or USB stick application that communicates to the browser or other
application (Source: Wikipedia). (UNIT 2)

Power: The power of a statistical test is the probability that the test will reject the external image arrow-10x10.png hypothesis when the
external image arrow-10x10.png hypothesis is false. The power is in general a function of the possible distributions, often determined by a
parameter, under the alternative hypothesis. Power analysis can be used to calculate the minimum sample size required so that one can be
reasonably likely to detect an effect of a given size. Power analysis can also be used to calculate the minimum effect size that is likely to be
detected in a study using a given sample size. In addition, the concept of power is used to make comparisons between different statistical
testing procedures: for example, between a parametric and a nonparametric test of the same hypothesis. (Source: Wikipedia) / Number or

TICS glossary – Uxue Goikoetxea

percentage that indicates the probability a study will obtain a statistically significant effect. For example, a power of 80 percent (or 0.8)
means that a survey or study (when conducted repeatedly over time) is likely to produce a statistically significant result 8 times out of 10.
(Source: BusinessDictionary) UNIT 4)

ProCite: It works similar to EndNote. The first BMA created by Thomson Reuters. (UNIT 2)

Qualitative Data: it is extremely varied in nature. It includes virtually any information that can be captured that is not numerical in nature.
Some of the major categories or types are: in-depth interviews, direct observation and written documents. (Source here). (UNIT 4)

Quantitative Data: it refers to the numerical facts and figures that are collected during a reserch investigation or field of study. The data or
observations are then analysed and used to interpret a situation or even. Data is measured on a numerical scale such as a histogram, chart, etc.
(Source here). (UNIT4)

Quark: It is one leading applications in the publishing industry to create any kind of books in its different formats (printed and online versions).
Some of its features are the following:

Books feature lets you manage chapters, users, and printing

Mastering pages by reducing repetitive tasks by managing common elements
Automatic page numbering lets you create automatic indexes and tables of contents
Job Jackets® provide continuity across documents, including styles, output options, page sizes, and more
Advanced design tools provide limitless options for page layout
Fine typography tools such as H&Js, hanging characters, and drop caps optimize text
Apart from all this you can add other extensions to work with images and other elements of your publication. Last version allows you
to import a PDF file to edit it later with Quark and create publications to be read in mobile devices.(UNIT 5)

Range:

1. In the descriptive statistics, the range of a set of data is the difference between the largest and smallest values. It is the size of the
smallest interval which contains all the data and provides an indication of statistical dispersion. It is measured in the same units as
the data. Since it only depends on two of the observations, it is most useful in representing the dispersion of small data sets. (Source:
Wikipedia).
2. The range is the difference between the highest and lowest values in a set of numbers. (Source: here).
3. The range is the simplest measure of variability to calculate, and one you have probably encountered many times in your life. The
range is simply the highest score minus the lowest score. Let’s take a few examples. What is the range of the following group of
numbers: 10, 2, 5, 6, 7, 3, 4? Well, the highest number is 10, and the lowest number is 2, so 10 - 2 = 8. The range is 8. Let’s take
another example. Here’s a dataset with 10 numbers: 99, 45, 23, 67, 45, 91, 82, 78, 62, 51. What is the range? The highest number is
99 and the lowest number is 23, so 99 - 23 equals 76; the range is 76. Now consider the two quizzes shown in Figure 1. On Quiz 1, the
lowest score is 5 and the highest score is 9. Therefore, the range is 4. The range on Quiz 2 was larger: the lowest score was 4 and the
highest score was 10. Therefore the range is 6. (Source: here). / The difference between the lowest and highest values. In {4, 6, 9, 3,
7} the lowest value is 3, and the highest is 9, so the range is 9 − 3 = 6. (Source: MATHisFUN) (UNIT 4).

RefGrab-It: an optional feature of RefWorks for capturing bibliographic information from web pages. It is available as a bookmarklet. RefGrab-
It looks for information on web pages and if an ISBN number, PubMed ID or (digital object identifier) or COinS (ContextObjects in Spans --
special coding embedded in the web page that RefWorks will read) are on the web page, RefGrab-It will automatically take that information
search various web resources (behind the scenes) to get supplemental information that may be of interest to you that you can also import.
RefWorks may even locate RSS feeds related to that web page that you can invoke and import information from (Source: here) (UNIT 2).

TICS glossary – Uxue Goikoetxea

RefWorks: 'An online research management, writing and collaboration tool -- is designed to help researchers easily gather, manage, store and
share all types of information, as well as generate citations and bibliographies' (Source: RefWorks). Nowadays, it is one of the most widely
used BMAs (Bibliographic Management Applications) by researchers and academics after Endnote. Its interface is much more intuitive and
friendly that its precursors. It permits the direct exportation from many databases with several references at the same time, it allows to import
citations from last issues rss coming from some of the most relevant electronic journals. It allows extracting information from any single
reference with visible ISBN on the screen, along with many other functions. (UNIT 2)

RefShare: RefShare provides RefWorks users with a quick and easy way to share their research information, further enhancing collaborative
research. Users can share their RefWorks references with both members of their own institution and globally with any researcher having
external image arrow-10x10.png. (UNIT 2)

RedIRIS: Spanish academic and research network that provides advanced communication services to the scientific external image arrow-
10x10.png and national universities. It is funded by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and is included in the Ministry's map of
Special Scientific and Technological Facilities (ICTS) (Source: RedIRIS). (UNIT 1)

Reliability: refers to the extent to which a scale produces consistent results, if the measurements are repeated a number of times. The analysis
on reliability is called reliability analysis. Reliability analysis is determined by obtaining the proportion of systematic variation in a scale, which
can be done by determining the association between the scores obtained from different administrations of the scale. Thus, if the association in
reliability analysis is high, the scale yields consistent results and is therefore reliable (Source:
http://www.statisticssolutions.com/resources/directory-of-statistical-analyses/reliability-analysis ). / The extent to which an experiment,
test, or measuring procedure yields the same results on repeated trials. (Source: Merriam-Webster) (UNIT 4).

RMS: Reference Managing software also Known as BMA (Bibliographic management application)

Reply: a tweet posted in reply to another user's message, usually posted by clicking the "reply" button next to their Tweet in your timeline.
Always begins with @username (UNIT 3).

Retweet: (noun) a tweet by another user, forwarded to you by someone you follow. Often used to spread news or share valuable findings on
Twitter; (verb, regular) the act of forwarding another user's tweet to all of your followers (Source: Twitter Glossary).

RSS: Rich Site Summary (originally RDF Site Summary, often dubbed Really Simple Syndication) is a family of web feed formats used to
publish frequently updated works—such as blog entries, news headlines, audio, and video—in a standardized format. An RSS document (which
is called a "feed", "web feed", or "channel") includes full or summarized text, plus metadata such as publishing dates and authorship. (Source:
Wikipedia).(UNIT 1)

Reference Manager: Created by Thompson Reuters, a famous electronic journal provider, it is a very complete tool although its use requires
having previous knowledge on bibliographic management as shown by its plain interface. You can download the demo version by submitting a
about a form with your professional and academic context. It also permits the possibility of working collaboratively. (UNIT 2)

Revue: It is an open source platform to host collections of books and scientific e-journals that belong to Open Edition along with Calenda (to
add and receive alerts about academic and scientific events in French) and Hypotheses (for academic blogs in Spanish French and German
language). Here you have are some examples external image arrow-10x10.png to English Studies:

Review du Linguistique et de Didactique des Langues http://lidil.revues.org/

Apprentissage des langues et systèmes d'information et de communication http://alsic.revues.org/
Acquisition et d’interaction en langue étrangère http://aile.revues.org/
Corpus http://corpus.revues.org/
Apart from the tool and platform mentioned we could find other not so well-known resources to create journals here:
http://library.queensu.ca/webir/planning/e-journal_publishing_support.htm(UNIT 5)

Rebuin: La Red de Bibliotecas Universitarias Españolas (REBIUN) es una comisión sectorial de laConferencia de Rectores de las Universidades
Españolas (CRUE) desde 1998. Desde su creación, a iniciativa de un grupo de directores de bibliotecas en 1988, REBIUN constituye un
organismo estable en el que están representadas todas las bibliotecas universitarias y científicas españolas.REBIUN está formada por las
bibliotecas de las 76 universidades miembros de la CRUE (50 de ámbito universitario público y 26 de ámbito universitario privado) y el CSIC
(Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas). (UNIT 1)http://www.rebiun.org/queesrebiun/Paginas/default.aspx

TICS glossary – Uxue Goikoetxea

Standard deviation: In statistics standard deviation (represented by the symbol sigma, σ) shows how much variation or "dispersion" exists
from the average (mean, or expected value). A low standard deviation indicates that the data points tend to be very close to the mean; high
standard deviation indicates that the data points are spread out over a large range of values. The standard deviation of a random variable,
statistical population, or data set is the square root of its variance. A useful property of standard deviation is that, unlike variance, it is
expressed in the same units as the data. In addition to expressing the variability of a population, standard deviation is commonly used to
measure confidence in statistical conclusions. For example, the margin of error in polling data is determined by calculating the expected
standard deviation in the results if the same poll were to be conducted multiple times. (Source: Wikipedia) / A numerical value used to
indicate how widely individuals in a group vary. If individual observations vary greatly from the group mean, the standard deviation is big; and
vice versa. (Source: Stattrek). (UNIT 4)

Summon: 'Powerful multidisciplinary database that drives the libraries' article search'. By using the subject term check boxes, users can
significantly narrow their results. Date range and content type tools are useful for researchers looking for very specific contents. Search
platforms such as UNED's Linceo are based on this kind of software (Source: here). (UNIT 1)

Science Direct: You could find English Studies articles in Science Direct 3, one of the leading bibliographic platforms which has acquired
recently others such as Elsevier (focused on science and health publications) 4 or Scopus5. Apart from having included more than 2.5 million
books and 11.000 books, they have devoted a great effort to digitalize a great amount of articles written before 1995. Platforms like this are
gradually integrating web 2.0 components to Its features. Among other functionalities you could obtain a list with the 25 most cited references
in any of the subscribed journals.(UNIT 1)

Scoop.it : in two modalities: free or paid by using either a Facebook account or by creating a new Scoop account. It works in a similar way than
Twitter, by re-scooping news that you may consider of interest for you and your subscriber or people that could read you, although you could
write your own articles as well. They presume to be the largest and most connected curation publishing platform for professionals.

T-test: The t-test assesses whether the means of two groups are statistically different from each other. This analysis is appropriate whenever
you want to compare the means of two groups. The formula for the t-test is a ratio. The top part of the ratio is just the difference between the
two means or averages. The bottom part is a measure of the variability or dispersion of the scores. The top part of the formula is easy to
compute -- just find the difference between the means. The bottom part is called the standard error of the difference. To compute it, we take
the variance for each group and divide it by the number of people in that group (Source: here). / A statistical test involving confidence limits
for the random variable t of a t distribution and used especially in testing hypotheses about means of normal distributions when the standard
deviations are unknown. (Source: Merriam-Webster).(UNIT 4)

Twitter: An information network made up of 140-character messages from all over the world; (noun) a message posted via Twitter containing
140 characters of fewer; (regular verb) the act of posting a message, often called a 'tweet' on Twitter. (UNIT 3)

Thunderbird: external image arrow-10x10.png Thunderbird is a external image arrow-10x10.png, open source, cross-platform external image
arrow-10x10.png, news, and external image arrow-10x10.png client developed by the external image arrow-10x10.png Foundation.
Thunderbird can manage multiple external image arrow-10x10.png, newsgroup, and news feed accounts and supports multiple identities
within accounts. Features such as quick search, saved search folders ("virtual folders"), advanced message filtering, message grouping, and
external image arrow-10x10.png help manage and find messages (Source: here). (UNIT 2)

3DIssue: It is professional proprietary software used by most powerful companies in the world to create Flash & HTML5 magazines and e-
books . In the same way as e-page creator, it is able to adapt its final product to be read by tablets, smartphone and other mobile devices
among others. As usual, you could download a demo to test it. You will find a tutorial here about how it works. It create e-books as well:
http://www.3dissue.com/ (UNIT 5)

Usability: Usability is a measure of the interactive user experience associated with a user interface, such a website or external image arrow-
10x10.png application. A user-friendly interface design is easy-to-learn, supports users’ tasks and goals efficiently and effectively, and is

TICS glossary – Uxue Goikoetxea

satisfying and engaging to use. From the user’s perspective, usability is important because it can make the difference between performing a
task accurately and completely or not, and enjoying the process or being frustrated. From the developer’s perspective, usability is important
because it can mean the difference between the success or failure of a system. From a management point of view, external image arrow-
10x10.png with poor usability can reduce the productivity of the workforce to a level of performance worse than without the system. In all
cases, lack of usability can cost time and effort and can greatly determine the success or failure of a system. Given a choice, people tend to
buy systems that are more user-friendly. Usability is one of the focuses of the fields of Human Factors Psychology and Human-Computer
Interaction. As the name suggests, usability has to do with bridging the gap between people and machines (Source: here) (UNIT 5).

Variable: A variable is any characteristic, number, or quantity that can be measured or counted. A variable may also be called a data item.
Examples: age, sex, business income and expenses, country of birth, etc. / A variable is a characteristic of a unit being observed that may
assume more than one of a set of values to which a numerical measure or a category from a classification can be assigned (e.g. income, age,
weight, etc., and “occupation”, “industry”, “disease”, etc. (Source: OECD). UNIT 4)

Variance: Statistical variance gives a measure of how the data distributes itself about the mean or expected value. Unlike range that only looks
at the extremes, the variance looks at all the data points and then determines their distribution. In many cases of statistics and
experimentation, it is the variance that gives invaluable information about the data distribution. Here is how variance (σ2) is defined: a)
Subtract the mean from each value in the data. This gives you a measure of the distance of each value from the mean. b) Square each of these
distances (so that they are all positive values), and add all of the squares together. c) Divide the sum of the squares by the number of values in
the data set. The standard deviation (σ) is simply the (positive) square root of the variance (Sources: here and here). / The variance is a
numerical value used to indicate how widely individuals in a group vary. If individual observations vary greatly from the group mean, the
variance is big; and vice versa. (Source: Stattrek).UNIT 4)

Variation Coefficient: The coefficient of variation (CV) is defined as the ratio of the standard deviation

sigma
sigma
to the mean
mu
mu
:
c_v = frac{sigma}{mu}
c_v = frac{sigma}{mu}
It shows the extent of variability in relation to the mean of the population. (Source: wikipedia) (UNIT 4)

VoIP: Voice over Internet Protocol. Is a methodology and group of technologies for the delivery of voice communications and multimedia
sessions over Internet Protocol (IP) networks, such as the Internet.

Vocabulix: Free vocab building lessons in Spanish, German and English, as well as other languages, with a baked in social network. Source:
http://www.vocabulix.com

Wattpad: It is a Canadian invention to read books in a social network created for this aim. Nowadays, its platform has been translated into
different languages although most of its books are written in English. Wattpad is the world's largest external image arrow-10x10.png for
discovering and sharing stories. It's a new form of entertainment connecting readers and writers through storytelling, and best of all, it's
entirely external image arrow-10x10.png. With thousands of new stories added every day, an incredibly active community of readers, and the
ability to read on your computer, phone, or tablet, Wattpad is the only place that offers a truly social, and entirely mobile reading
experience.You can logging Wattpad using your Facebook account or creating a completely new just for that.(UNIT 5)

TICS glossary – Uxue Goikoetxea

Web 2.0: This term describes web sites that use technology beyond the static pages of earlier web sites. A Web 2.0 site may allow users to
interact and collaborate with each other in a social media dialogue as creators of user-generated content in a virtual external image arrow-
10x10.png, in contrast to websites where people are limited to the passive viewing of content. (Source)

Web syndication: is a form of syndication in which website material is made available to multiple other sites. Most commonly, web
syndication refers to making web feeds available from a site in order to provide other people with a summary or update of the website's
recently added content (for example, the latest news or forum posts). The term can also be used to describe other kinds of licensing website
content so that other websites can use it. (Source: Wikipedia). (UNIT 2)

Webhead: one of the most active CoPs developed by teachers who searched for new ways of teaching through technology.

Webinar: a live online educational presentation during which participating viewers can submit questions and comments. (Sources here and
here)

Wiki: is a website which allows its users to add, modify, or delete its content via a web browser usually using a simplified markup language or a
rich-text editor. Wikis are powered by wiki external image arrow-10x10.png. Most are created collaboratively.Wikis serve many different
purposes, such as knowledge management and note taking. Wikis can be community websites and intranets, for example. Some permit
control over different functions (levels of access). For example, editing rights may permit changing, adding or removing material. Others may
permit access without enforcing access control. Other rules may also be imposed for organizing content (Source: Wikipedia). (UNIT 3)

Write-N-Cite: 'A RefWorks tool that makes it easy to manage citations and bibliographies in research papers you are writing in external image
arrow-10x10.png Word'. It is a program downloadable directly from the RefWorks application. PC or Mac friendly (Video tutorials here). UNIT
2

Xing: It is a social network for business professionals, similar to LinkedIn. There are about 14 million subscribers.

Zotero : It is a very complete and widespread open source application adding a mobile version to its standard version as a Firefox extension. It
is has a deep collaborative philosophy sharing even social networking elements. Once you external image arrow-10x10.png on the "Zotero"
button a new window will be shown to work at the same time that you are browsing the web. (UNIT 2)

TICS glossary – Uxue Goikoetxea