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Limits and Derivatives Formulas
Limits and Derivatives Formulas
org
( cf )′ = cf ′( x) d x
( )
e = ex
dx
(f ± g )′ = f ′( x) + g ′( x) d 1
( ln x ) = , x > 0
Product rule dx x
d 1
( f ⋅ g )′ = f ′ ⋅ g + f ⋅ g′ ( ln x ) = , x ≠ 0
dx x
Quotient rule
d 1
f ′ f ′ ⋅ g − f ⋅ g ′
( log a x ) = , x>0
dx x ln a
=
g g2
www.mathportal.org
3. Higher-order Derivatives
Definitions and properties
Second derivative
d dy d 2 y
f ′′ = −
dx dx dx 2
Higher-Order derivative
f( ) = f(
n
( n −1)
)′
( n)
= f ( ) + g(
n n)
(f + g)
(n)
= f ( ) − g(
n n)
(f − g)
Leibniz’s Formulas
( f ⋅ g )′′ = f ′′ ⋅ g + 2 f ′ ⋅ g ′ + f .g ′′
(n)
(x ) n
= n!
n −1
(n) ( −1) ( n − 1)!
( log a x ) =
x n ⋅ ln a
n −1
(n) ( −1) ( n − 1)!
( ln x ) =
xn
( n)
( a ) = a ln a
x x n
( ) n
(e ) = e
x x
( ) n
( a ) = m a ln
mx n mx n
a
nπ
( sin x )( )
n
= sin x +
2
nπ
( cos x )( )
n
= cos x +
2