WHAT IS CONSTRUCTIVISM?

Constructivism is a learning theory that equates learning with creating meaning from
experience .Learning is more meaningful to students when they are able to interact with
a problem or concept .It can help engage and motivate your students by making them
take a more active role in the learning process. It utilizes interactive teaching strategies
to create meaningful contexts that help students construct knowledge based on their own
experiences.

Common examples

 role plays

 debates

 internships

The goals
Problem Solving

Consists of using generic or ad hoc methods, in an orderly manner, for finding solutions
to problems.

Higher-Order Thinking

Skill higher order thinking skills include critical, logical, reflective, metacognitive, and
creative thinking.

Collaborative Works

Learners with different skills and backgrounds should collaborate in tasks and
discussions to arrive at a shared understanding of the truth in a specific field.

AUTHORS WHO DEFFEND THIS METHOD

John Dewey

October 20, 1859 – June 1, 1952) was an American philosopher, psychologist, and
educational reformer whose ideas have been influential in education and social reform.
Dewey is one of the primary figures associated with philosophy of pragmatism and is
considered one of the founders of functional psychology. A well-known public
intellectual, he was also a major voice of progressive education and liberalism.
Although Dewey is known best for his publications concerning education, he also wrote
about many other topics, including epistemology, metaphysics, aesthetics, art, logic,
social theory, and ethics.
Known for his advocacy of democracy, Dewey considered two fundamental elements—
schools and civil society—as being major topics needing attention and reconstruction to
encourage experimental intelligence and plurality. Dewey asserted that complete
democracy was to be obtained not just by extending voting rights but also by ensuring
that there exists a fully formed public opinion, accomplished by effective
communication among citizens, experts, and politicians, with the latter being
accountable for the policies they adopt.

Jean Piaget

9 August 1896 – 16 September 1980) was a Swiss developmental psychologist and

philosopher known for his epistemological studies with children. His theory of
cognitive development and epistemological view are together called "genetic
epistemology".

Piaget placed great importance on the education of children. As the Director of the
International Bureau of Education, he declared in 1934 that "only education is capable
of saving our societies from possible collapse, whether violent, or gradual.

Piaget created the International Center for Genetic Epistemology in Geneva in 1955
and directed it until his death in 1980. The number of collaborations that its founding
made possible, and their impact, ultimately led to the Center being referred to in the
scholarly literature as "Piaget's factory.

According to Ernst von Glasersfeld, Jean Piaget was "the great pioneer of the
constructivist theory of knowing. However, his ideas did not become widely
popularized until the 1960s. This then led to the emergence of the study of development
as a major sub-discipline in psychology.

Lev Vygotsky

June 11, 1934) was a Soviet Belarusian psychologist, the founder of a theory of human
cultural and biosocial development commonly referred to as cultural-historical
psychology, and leader of the Vygotsky Circle.

Vygotsky's main work was in developmental psychology, and he proposed a theory of

the development of higher cognitive functions in children that saw the emergence of the
reasoning as emerging through practical activity in a social environment. During the
earlier period of his career he argued that the development of reasoning was mediated
by signs and symbols, and therefore contingent on cultural practices and language as
well as on universal cognitive processes.