STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR SEAMLESS
FERRITIC ALLOY-STEEL PIPE FOR HIGH-
TEMPERATURE SERVICE
SA-335 /SA-335M
(Identical with ASTM Specification A 335 /A 335M-95a.)
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers nominal (average) wall
seamless alloy-steel pipe intended for high-temperature
service. Pipe ordered to this specification shall be
suitable for bending, flanging (vanstoning), and similar
forming operations, and for fusion welding. Selection
will depend upon design, service conditions, mechanical
properties, and high-temperature characteristics.
1.2 Several grades of ferritic steels (Note 1) are
covered. Their compositions are given in Table 1.
NOTE 1 — Ferritic steels in this specification are defined as low-
and intermediate-alloy steels containing up to and including 10%
chromium.
1.3 Supplementary requirements (S1 to S7) of an
optional nature are provided. These supplementary re-
quirements call for additional tests to be made, and
when desired, shall be so stated in the order together
with the number of such tests required.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or
SI units are to be regarded separately as standard.
Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The
values stated in each system are not exact equivalents;
therefore, each system must be used independently of
the other. Combining values from the two systems may
result in noncomformace with the specification. The
inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation
of this specification is specified in the order.
NOTE 2 — The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size)
has been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as
“nominal diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”
539
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 450 /A 450M Specification for General Requirements
for Carbon Ferritic Alloy, and Austenitic Alloy Steel
Tube
A 530 /A 530M Specification for General Requirements
for Specialized Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe
E 213 Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Metal Pipe
and Tubing
E 309 Practice for Eddy-Current Examination of Steel
Tubular Products Using Magnetic Saturation
E 381 Method of Macroetch Testing, Inspection, and
Rating Steel Products, Comprising Bars, Billets,
Blooms, and Forgings
E 527 Practice for Numbering Alloys and Metals (UNS)
E 570 Practice for Flux Leakage Examination of Ferro-
magnetic Steel Tubular Products
2.2 Other Documents:
SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for Nondestructive
Personnel Qualification and Certification
SAE J 1086 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys
(UNS)
3. General Requirements
3.1 Material furnished to this specification shall con-
form to the applicable requirements of the current
edition of Specification A 530 /A 530M, unless other-
wise provided herein.
SA-335 /SA-335M
4. Ordering Information
4.1 Orders for material under this specification should
include the following, as required, to describe the
desired material adequately:
4.1.1 Quantity (feet, centimetres, or number of
lengths),
4.1.2 Name of material (seamless alloy steel pipe),
4.1.3 Grade (Table 1),
4.1.4 Manufacture (hot-finished or cold-drawn),
4.1.5 Size (NPS or outside diameter and schedule
number or average wall thickness),
4.1.6 Length (specific or random),
4.1.7 End finish (Ends Section of Specification A
530 /A 530M),
4.1.8 Optional requirements (Sections 7, 10, and
11, of this specification. See the Sections on Hydrostatic
Test Requirements and Permissible Variation in Weight
for Seamless Pipe in Specification A 530 /A 530 M),
4.1.9 Test report required (Certification Section of
Specification A 530 /A 530M),
4.1.10 Specification designation, and
4.1.11 Special requirements or any supplementary
requirements selected, or both.
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.1 Pipe may be either hot finished or cold drawn
with the finishing treatment as required in 5.3.
5.2 Grade P2 and P12 — The steel shall be made
by coarse-grain melting practice. Specific limits, if any,
on grain size or deoxidation practice shall be a matter
of agreement between the manufacturer and purchaser.
5.3 Heat Treatment:
5.3.1 All pipe of grades shown in Table 1 except
P5c, P91, and P92, and as provided in 5.3.2, shall be
reheated and furnished in the full-annealed, isothermal
annealed, or normalized and tempered condition. If
furnished in the normalized and tempered condition,
the minimum tempering temperature for Grades P5,
P5b, P9, P21, and P22 shall be 1250°F [675°C], the
minimum tempering temperature for Grades P1, P2,
P11, P12, and P15 shall be 1200°F [650°C].
NOTE 3 — It is recommended that the temperature for tempering
should be at least 100°F [50°C] above the intended service tempera-
1998 SECTION II
ture; consequently, the purchaser should advise the manufacturer if
the service temperature is to be over 1100°F [600°C].
5.3.2 Pipe of Grades P1, P2, and P12, either hot
finished or cold drawn, may be given a final heat
treatment at 1200°F [650°C] to 1300°F [705°C] instead
of heat treatments specified in 5.3.1.
5.3.3 All pipe of Grades P5c shall be given a
final heat treatment in the range from 1325°F [715°C]
to 1375°F [745°C].
NOTE 4 — Certain of the ferritic steels covered by this specification
will harden if cooled rapidly from above their critical temperature.
Some will air harden, that is, become hardened to an undesirable
degree when cooled in air from high temperatures. Therefore, opera-
tions involving heating such steels above their critical temperatures,
such as welding, flanging, and hot bending, should be followed by
suitable heat treatment.
5.3.4 Grade T92 shall be normalized at 1900°F
[1040°C] minimum and tempered at 1350°F [730°C]
minimum is a final heat treatment.
5.4 Except when Supplementary Requirement S7 is
specified by the purchaser, Grade P91 shall be normal-
ized at 1900°F [1040°C] minimum, and tempered at
1350°F [730°C] minimum as a final heat treatment.
Alternatively, liquid quenching and tempering is allowed
for thicknesses above 3 in. when mutually agreed upon
between the manufacturer and the purchaser. In this
case the pipe shall be quenched from 1900°F [1040°C]
minimum and tempered at 1350°F [730°C] minimum
as final heat treatment.
6. Chemical Composition
6.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements as
to chemical composition prescribed in Table 1.
7. Product Analysis
7.1 At the request of the purchaser, an analysis of two
pipes from each lot shall be made by the manufacturer. A
lot (Note 5) of pipe shall consist of the following:
NPS Designator
Under 2 400 or fraction thereof
2 to 5 200 or fraction thereof
6 and over 100 or fraction thereof
NOTE 5 — A lot shall consist of the number of lengths specified
in 7.1 of the same size and wall thickness from any one heat of steel.
540
 PART A — FERROUS MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS
7.2 The results of these analyses shall be reported
to the purchaser or the purchaser’s representative, and
shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 1.
7.3 For grade P91 the carbon content may vary for
the product analysis by −0.01% and +0.02% from the
specified range as per Table 1.
7.4 If the analysis of one of the tests specified in
7.1 does not conform to the requirements specified in
6.1, an analysis of each billet or pipe from the same
heat or lot may be made, and all billets or pipe
conforming to the requirements shall be accepted.
8. Tensile Requirements
8.1 The tensile properties of the material shall con-
form to the requirements prescribed in Table 2.
9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
9.1 The pipe manufacturer shall explore a sufficient
number of visual surface imperfections to provide rea-
sonable assurance that they have been properly evaluated
with respect to depth. Exploration of all surface imper-
fections is not required but may be necessary to ensure
compliance with 10.2.
9.2 Surface imperfections that penetrate more than
121⁄2% of the nominal wall thickness or encroach on
the minimum wall thickness shall be considered defects.
Pipe with such defects shall be given one of the
following dispositions:
9.2.1 The defect may be removed by grinding
provided that the remaining wall thickness is within
specified limits.
9.2.2 Repaired in accordance with the repair weld-
ing provisions of 9.6.
9.2.3 The section of pipe containing the defect
may be cut off within the limits of requirements on
length.
9.2.4 Rejected.
9.3 To provide a workmanlike finish and basis for
evaluating conformance with 9.2, the pipe manufacturer
shall remove by grinding the following:
9.3.1 Mechanical marks, abrasions (Note 6) and
pits, any of which are deeper than 1⁄16 in. [1.6 mm].
NOTE 6 — Marks and abrasions are defined as cable marks, dings,
guide marks, roll marks, ball scratches, scores, die marks, and the like.
541
SA-335 /SA-335M
9.3.2 Visual imperfections, commonly referred to
as scabs, seams, laps, tears, or slivers, found by explora-
tion in accordance with 9.1 to be deeper than 5% of
the nominal wall thickness.
9.4 At the purchaser’s discretion, pipe shall be subject
to rejection if surface imperfections acceptable under
9.2 are not scattered, but appear over a large area in
excess of what is considered a workmanlike finish.
Disposition of such pipe shall be a matter of agreement
between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
9.5 When imperfections or defects are removed by
grinding, a smooth curved surface shall be maintained,
and the wall thickness shall not be decreased below
that permitted by this specification. The outside diameter
at the point of grinding may be reduced by the amount
so removed.
9.5.1 Wall thickness measurements shall be made
with a mechanical caliper or with a properly calibrated
nondestructive testing device of appropriate accuracy.
In case of dispute, the measurement determined by use
of the mechanical caliper shall govern.
9.6 Weld repair shall be permitted only subject to
the approval of the purchaser and in accordance with
Specification A 530 /A 530M.
9.7 The finished pipe shall be reasonably straight.
10. Hydrostatic Test
10.1 Each length of pipe shall be subjected to the
hydrostatic test, except as provided for in 10.2 or 10.3.
10.2 When specified by the purchaser, pipe shall be
tested by a nondestructive examination method in lieu
of the hydrostatic test as shown in Section 11.
10.3 When specified by the purchaser, pipe shall be
furnished without hydrostatic test and without nonde-
structive examination.
10.4 When specified by the purchaser, pipe shall
be furnished with both the hydrostatic test and a
nondestructive examination having been performed.
11 Nondestructive Examination
11.1 When specified by the purchaser, as an alterna-
tive to the hydrostatic test (10.2), or in addition to the
hydrostatic test (10.4), each pipe shall be examined by
a nondestructive examination method in accordance
with Practice E 213, Practice E 309, or Practice E
570. The range of pipe sizes that may be examined
SA-335 /SA-335M 1998 SECTION II
by each method shall be subject to the limitations in
the scope of the respective practices.
11.2 The following information is for the benefit of
the user of this specification:
11.2.1 The reference standards defined in 11.8 are
convenient standards for standardization of nondestruc-
tive examination equipment. The dimensions of these
standards should not be construed as the minimum size
imperfection detectable by such equipment.
11.2.2 Ultrasonic examination can be performed
to detect both longitudinally and transversely oriented
discontinuities. It should be recognized that different
techniques should be employed to detect differently
oriented imperfections. The examination may not detect
short, deep imperfections.
11.2.3 The eddy current examination referenced in
this specification has the capability to detect significant
discontinuities, especially of the short abrupt type.
11.2.4 The flux leakage examination referred to
in this specification is capable of detecting the presence
and location of significant longitudinally or transversely
oriented discontinuities. It should be recognized that
different techniques should be employed to detect differ-
ently oriented imperfections.
11.2.5 The hydrostatic test of Section 10 has the
capability to find imperfections of a size that permit
the test fluid to leak through the pipe wall so that it
may be either visually seen or detected by a loss of
fluid pressure. This test may not detect very tight,
through-wall imperfections, or imperfections that extend
into the wall without complete penetration.
11.2.6 A purchaser interested in ascertaining the
nature (type, size, location, and orientation) of disconti-
nuities that can be detected in the specific application
of these examinations should discuss this with the
manufacturer of the tubular products.
11.3 Time of Examination — Nondestructive exami-
nation for specification acceptance shall be performed
after all mechanical processing, heat treatments and
straightening operations. This requirement does not
preclude additional testing at earlier stages in the pro-
cessing.
11.4 Surface Conditions:
11.4.1 All surfaces shall be clean and free of
scale, dirt, grease, paint, or other foreign material that
could interfere with interpretation of test results. The
methods used for cleaning and preparing the surfaces
542
for examination shall not be detrimental to the base
metal or the surface finish.
11.4.2 Excessive surface roughness or deep
scratches can produce signals that interfere with the
test (see 11.10.2.3).
11.5 Extent of Examination:
11.5.1 The relative motion of the pipe and the
transducer(s), coil(s), or sensor(s) shall be such that
the entire pipe surface is scanned, except for end effects
as noted in 11.5.2.
11.5.2 The existence of end effects is recognized,
and the extent of such effects shall be determined by
the manufacturer, and, if requested, shall be reported
to the purchaser. Other nondestructive tests may be
applied to the end areas, subject to agreement between
the purchaser and the manufacturer.
11.6 Operator Qualifications — The test unit operator
shall be certified in accordance with SNT-TC-1A, or
an equivalent, recognized, and documented standard.
11.7 Test Conditions:
11.7.1 For examination by the ultrasonic method,
the minimum nominal transducer frequency shall be
2.25 MHz.
11.7.2 For eddy current testing, the excitation coil
frequency shall be 10 kHz, or less.
11.8 Reference Standards:
11.8.1 Reference standards of convenient length
shall be prepared from a length of pipe of the same
grade, size (NPS or outside diameter and schedule
or wall thickness), surface finish, and heat treatment
condition as the pipe to be examined.
11.8.2 For ultrasonic testing, the reference notches
shall be any one of the three common notch shapes
shown in Practice E 213, at the option of the manufac-
turer. The depth of the notch shall not exceed 121⁄2%
of the specified nominal wall thickness of the pipe or
0.004 in. [0.1 mm], whichever is greater. The length
of the notch shall be at least twice the diameter of
the transducer(s). The width of the notch shall not
exceed the depth.
11.8.3 For eddy current testing, the reference stan-
dard shall contain, at the option of the manufacturer,
any one of the following discontinuities:
11.8.3.1 Drilled Hole — The reference standard
shall contain three or more holes, equally spaced circum-
ferentially around the pipe and longitudinally separated
 PART A — FERROUS MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS
by a sufficient distance to allow distinct identification
of the signal from each hole. The holes shall be drilled
radially and completely through the pipe wall, with
care being taken to avoid distortion of the pipe while
drilling. The hole diameter shall vary with NPS as
follows:
NPS Designator Hole Diameter
1⁄ 0.039 in. [1 mm]
2
above 1⁄
2 to 11⁄4 0.055 in. [1.4 mm]
above 11⁄
4 to 2 0.071 in. [1.8 mm]
above 2 to 5 0.087 in. [2.2 mm]
above 5 0.106 in. [2.7 mm]
11.8.3.2 Transverse Tangential Notch — Using
a round tool or file with a 1⁄4 in. [6.4 mm] diameter,
a notch shall be filed or milled tangential to the surface
and transverse to the longitudinal axis of the pipe. Said
notch shall have a depth not exceeding 121⁄2% of the
specified nominal wall thickness of the pipe or 0.004
in. [0.1 mm], whichever is greater.
11.8.3.3 Longitudinal Notch — A notch 0.031
in. or less in width shall be machined in a radial plane
parallel to the tube axis on the outside surface of the
pipe, to have a depth not exceeding 121⁄2% of the
specified nominal wall thickness of the pipe or 0.004
in. [0.1 mm], whichever is greater. The length of the
notch shall be compatible with the testing method.
11.8.4 For flux leakage testing, the longitudinal
reference notches shall be straight-sided notches ma-
chined in a radial plane parallel to the pipe axis. For
wall thickness less than 1⁄2 in. [12.7 mm], outside and
inside notches shall be used; for wall thicknesses equal
to or greater than 1⁄2 in., only an outside notch shall
be used. Notch depth shall not exceed 121⁄2% of the
specified nominal wall thickness or 0.004 in. [0.1 mm],
whichever is greater. Notch length shall not exceed 1
in. [25.4 mm], and the width shall not exceed the
depth. Outside and inside notches shall have sufficient
separation to allow distinct identification of the signal
from each notch.
11.8.5 More or smaller reference discontinuities,
or both, may be used by agreement between the pur-
chaser and the manufacturer.
11.9 Standardization Procedure:
11.9.1 The test apparatus shall be standardized at
the beginning and end of each series of pipes of the
same size (NPS or diameter and schedule or wall
thickness), grade and heat treatment condition, and at
intervals not exceeding 4 h during the examination
of such pipe. More frequent standardizations may be
543
SA-335 /SA-335M
performed at the manufacturer’s option or may be
required upon agreement between the purchaser and
the manufacturer.
11.9.2 The test apparatus shall also be standardized
after any change in test system settings, change of
operator, equipment repair, or interruption due to power
loss, shutdown, or operator breaks.
11.9.3 The reference standard shall be passed
through the test apparatus at same speed and test system
settings as the pipe to be tested.
11.9.4 The signal-to-noise ratio for the reference
standard shall be 2.5 to 1 or greater and the reference
signal amplitude for each discontinuity shall be at least
50% of full scale of the display.
11.9.5 If upon any standardization, the reference
signal amplitude as decreased by 25% (2 db), the test
apparatus shall be considered out of standardization.
The test system settings may be changed, or the trans-
ducer(s), coil(s) or sensor(s) adjusted, and the unit
restandardized, but all pipe tested since the last accept-
able standardization must be retested.
11.10 Evaluation of Imperfections:
11.10.1 Pipes producing a signal equal to or greater
than the signal produced by the reference standard shall
be positively identified and they shall be separated
from the acceptable pipes. The area producing the
signal may be reexamined.
11.10.2 Such pipes shall be subject to one of the
following three dispositions:
11.10.2.1 The pipes may be rejected without
further examination, at the discretion of the manufac-
turer.
11.10.2.2 The pipes shall be rejected, but may be
repaired, if the test signal was produced by imperfections
which cannot be identified, or was produced by cracks
or crack-like imperfections. These pipes may be repaired
by grinding (in accordance with 9.2.1), welding (in
accordance with 9.6), or sectioning (in accordance with
9.2.3). To be accepted, a repaired pipe must pass
the same nondestructive examination by which it was
rejected, and it must meet the remaining wall thickness
requirements of this specification.
11.10.2.3 Such pipes may be evaluated in accord-
ance with the provisions of Section 9, if the test signals
were produced by visual imperfections such as those
listed below:
SA-335 /SA-335M 1998 SECTION II

(a) Scratches, 13. Certification

(b) Surface roughness,
13.1 In addition to the information required by
(c) Dings,
Specification A 530 /A 530M, the certification shall
(d) Straightener marks,
state whether or not the material was hydrostatically
(e) Cutting chips,
tested. If the material was nondestructively examined,
(f) Steel die stamps,
the certification shall so state and shall show which
(g) Stop marks, or
practice was followed and what reference discontinuities
(h) Pipe reducer ripple.
were used. In addition, the test method information as
given in Table 3 shall be appended to the specification
number and grade shown on the certification.
12. Mechanical Tests Required
12.1 Transverse or Longitudinal Tension Test and
14. Product Marking
Flattening Test, or Bend Test — For material heat
treated in a batch-type furnace, tests shall be made on 14.1 In addition to the marking prescribed in Specifi-
5% of the pipe from each treated lot (Note 7). For cation A 530 /A 530M, the marking shall include the
small lots, at least 1 pipe shall be tested. For material length, an additional symbol “S”, if the pipe conforms
heat treated by the continuous process, tests shall be to any of the Supplementary Requirements S1 to S6,
made on a sufficient number of pipe to constitute 5% the ANSI schedule number, and the heat number or
of the lot (Note 7), but in no case less than 2 pipe. manufacturer’s number by which the heat can be identi-
fied. Furthermore, the marking designated in Table 3
NOTE 7 — The term “lot” applies to all pipe of the same nominal
size and wall thickness (or schedule) which is produced from the
to indicate the test method(s) shall be included. Marking
same heat of steel and subjected to the same finishing treatment in may be by stenciling, stamping, or rolling. Pipe that
a continuous furnace; when final heat treatment is in a batch-type has been weld repaired in accordance with 9.6 shall
furnace, the lot shall include only that pipe which is heat treated
in the same furnace charge.
be marked “WR.”

12.2 Bend Test:

15. Government Procurement
12.2.1 For pipe whose diameter exceeds NPS 25
and whose diameter to wall thickness ratio is 7.0 or 15.1 Scale Free Pipe:
less shall be subjected to the bend test instead of the 15.1.1 When specified in the contract or order,
flattening test. Other pipe whose diameter equals or the following requirements shall be considered in the
exceeds NPS 10 may be given the bend test in place inquiry contract or order, for agencies of the U.S.
of the flattening test subject to the approval of the Government where scale free pipe or tube is required.
purchaser. These requirements shall take precedence if there is a
12.2.2 The bend test specimens shall be bent at conflict between these requirements and the product
room temperature through 180°F without cracking on specification.
the outside of the bent portion. The inside diameter 15.1.2 The requirements of Specification A 530 /A
of the bend shall be 1 in. [25 mm]. 530M for pipe and Specification A 450 /A 450M for
12.2.3 Test specimens for the bend test specified tubes shall be applicable when pipe or tube is ordered
in 12.2 shall be cut from one end of the pipe and, to this specification.
unless otherwise specified, shall be taken in a transverse 15.1.3 Pipe and tube shall be one of the following
direction. One test specimen shall be taken as close grades as specified herein:
to the outer surface as possible and another from as
Grade UNS Designation
close to the inner surface as possible. The specimens
shall be either 1⁄2 by 1⁄2 in. [12.5 by 12.5 mm] in P11 K11597
P22 K21590
section or 1 by 1⁄2 in. [25 by 12.5 mm] in section
P5 K41545
with the corners rounded to a radius not over 1⁄16 in.
[1.6 mm] and need not exceed 6 in. [150 mm] in
15.1.4 Part Number:
length. The side of the samples placed in tension during
the bend shall be the side closest to the inner and 15.1.4.1 Pipe shall be ordered to nominal pipe
outer surface of the pipe, respectively. size and schedule specified in ANSI B36.10.

544
 PART A — FERROUS MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS SA-335 /SA-335M

Example: A335/A 335M Pipe P-11 NPS 12 Sch 40 15.1.5.1 Pipe or tube,
Specification Number ASTM A 335/A 335M 15.1.5.2 Part number,
Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P
Grade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P-11 15.1.5.3 Ultrasonic inspection, if required,
NPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Wall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.375 15.1.5.4 If shear wave test is to be conducted
in two opposite circumferential directions, and
15.1.4.2
15.1.5.5 Level of preservation and packing re-
Specification Number . . . . . . ASTM A 335/A 335M quired.
Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T
Grade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P-11
Outside Diameter . . . . . . . . . 0.250
Wall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.035
16. Keywords
15.1.5 Ordering Information — Orders for material 16.1 alloy steel pipe; high temperature service; seam-
under this specification shall include the following in less steel pipe; steel pipe; temperature service applica-
addition to the requirements of Section 3: tions, high

545
SA-335 /SA-335M 1998 SECTION II

TABLE 1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS

Composition, %
UNS
Designation Phosphorus, Sulfur,
Grade [Note (1)] Carbon Manganese max max Silicon Chromium Molybdenum Others
P1 K11522 0.10–0.20 0.30–0.80 0.025 0.025 0.10–0.50 ... 0.44–0.65 ...
P2 K11547 0.10–0.20 0.30–0.61 0.025 0.025 0.10–0.30 0.50–0.81 0.44–0.65 ...
P5 K41545 0.15 max 0.30–0.60 0.025 0.025 0.50 max 4.00–6.00 0.45–0.65 ...
P5b K51545 0.15 max 0.30–0.60 0.025 0.025 1.00–2.00 4.00–6.00 0.45–0.65 ...
P5c K41245 0.12 max 0.30–0.60 0.025 0.025 0.50 max 4.00–6.00 0.45–0.65 . . . [Note (2)]
P9 S50400 0.15 max 0.30–0.60 0.025 0.025 0.25–1.00 8.00–10.00 0.90–1.10 ...
P11 K11597 0.05–0.15 0.30–0.60 0.025 0.025 0.50–1.00 1.00–1.50 0.44–0.65 ...
P12 K11562 0.05–0.15 0.30–0.61 0.025 0.025 0.50 max 0.80–1.25 0.44–0.65 ...
P15 K11578 0.05–0.15 0.30–0.60 0.025 0.025 1.15–1.65 ... 0.44–0.65 ...
P21 K31545 0.05–0.15 0.30–0.60 0.025 0.025 0.50 max 2.65–3.35 0.80–1.06 ...
P22 K21590 0.05–0.15 0.30–0.60 0.025 0.025 0.50 max 1.90–2.60 0.87–1.13 ...
P91 K91560 0.08–0.12 0.30–0.60 0.020 0.010 0.20–0.50 8.00–9.50 0.85–1.05 V 0.18–0.25
N 0.030–0.070
Ni 0.40 max
Al 0.04 max
Cb 0.06–0.10
T92 K92460 0.07–0.13 0.30–0.60 0.020 0.010 0.50 max 8.50–9.50 0.30–0.60 V 0.15–0.25
N 0.03–0.07
Ni 0.40 max
Al 0.04 max
Cb 0.04–0.09
W 1.5–2.00
B 0.001–0.006
NOTES:
(1) New designation established in accordance with Practice E 527 and SAE J1086, Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS).
(2) Grade P5c shall have a titanium content of not less than 4 times the carbon content and not more than 0.70%; or a columbium content of
8 to 10 times the carbon content.

546
 PART A — FERROUS MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS SA-335 /SA-335M

TABLE 2
TENSILE REQUIREMENTS

Identification Symbol P1, P2 P12 P91 P92 All Others

Tensile strength, min:
ksi 55 60 85 90 60
MPa 380 415 585 620 415
Yield strength, min:
ksi 30 32 60 64 30
MPa 205 220 415 440 205
Elongation Requirements, All
grades except P91 and P92 P91

Longitudinal Transverse Longitudinal Transverse

Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, (or
4D), min, %:
Basic minimum elongation for 30 20 20 ...
wall 5⁄16 in. [8 mm] and over
in thickness, strip tests, and
for all small sizes tested in
full section
When standard round 2-in. or 22 14 20 13
50-mm gage length or propor-
tionally smaller size specimen
with the gage length equal to
4D (4 times the diameter) is
used
For strip tests a deduction for 1.50 [Note (1)] 1.00 [Note (1)] 1.00 [Note (1)] ...
each 1⁄32-in. [0.8 mm] de-
crease in wall thickness below
5⁄
16 in. [8 mm] from the basic
minimum elongation of the
following percentage points
shall be made
AThe following table gives the calculated minimum values:
Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min, %

Wall Thickness
All grades except P91 and P92 P91 and P92
in. mm Longitudinal Transverse Longitudinal
5⁄ (0.312) 8 30 20.0 20
16
9⁄ (0.281) 7.2 29 19.0 19
32
1⁄ (0.250) 6.4 27 18.0 18
4
7⁄ (0.219) 5.6 26 ... 17
32
3⁄ (0.188) 4.8 24 ... 16
16
5⁄ (0.156) 4 22 ... 15
32
1⁄ (0.125) 3.2 21 ... 14
8
3⁄ (0.094) 2.4 20 ... 13
32
1⁄ (0.062) 1.6 18 ... 12
16

GENERAL NOTE: This table gives the computed minimum elongation values for each 1⁄32-in. [0.8 mm] decrease in wall
thickness. Where the wall thickness lies between two values above, the minimum elongation value is determined by the
following formula:

Equation
Direction of Test [Note (2)]
Longitudinal, all grades except P91 E p 48t + 15.00
[E p 1.87t + 15.00]
Transverse E p 32t + 10.00
[E p 1.25t + 10.00]
Longitudinal, P91 E p 32t + 10.00
[E p 1.25t + 10.00]

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SA-335 /SA-335M 1998 SECTION II

TABLE 3
TEST METHOD INFORMATION FOR CERTIFICATION
AND MARKING

Hydrostatic Nondestructive Marking

YES NO Test Pressure

NO YES NDE
NO NO NH
YES YES Test Pressure/NDE

548
 PART A — FERROUS MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS SA-335 /SA-335M

SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS

One or more of the following supplementary requirements shall apply only when
specified in the purchase order. The purchaser may specify a different frequency
of test or analysis than is provided in the supplementary requirement. Subject to
agreement between the purchaser and manufacturer, retest and retreatment provisions
of these supplementary requirements may also be modified.

S1. Product Analysis S4. Metal Structure and Etching Tests

S1.1 Product analysis shall be made on each length
of pipe. Individual lengths failing to conform to the
chemical composition requirements shall be rejected.
S2. Transverse Tension Tests
S2.1 A transverse tension test shall be made on a
specimen from one end or both ends of each pipe
NPS 8 and over. If this supplementary requirement is
specified, the number of tests per pipe shall also be
specified. If a specimen from any length fails to meet
the required tensile properties (tensile, yield, and elonga-
tion), that length shall be rejected subject to retreatment
in accordance with Specification A 530 /A 530M and
satisfactory retest.
S4.1 The steel shall be homogenous as shown by
etching tests conducted in accordance with the appro-
priate portions of Method E 381. Etching tests shall
be made on a cross section from one end or both ends
of each pipe and shall show sound and reasonably
uniform material free from injurious laminations, cracks,
and similar objectionable defects. If this supplementary
requirement is specified, the number of tests per pipe
required shall also be specified. If a specimen from
any length shows objectionable defects, the length shall
be rejected, subject to removal of the defective end
and subsequent retests indicating the remainder of the
length to be sound and reasonably uniform material.
NOTE 8 — Pending development of etching methods applicable to
the product covered by this specification, it is recommended that
the Recomended Practice for a Standard Macro Etch Test for Routine
Inspection of Iron and Steel, described in the Metals Handbook,
Am. Soc. for Metals, 1948 edition, p. 389, be followed.

S5. Photomicrographs

S3. Flattening Test
S3.1 The flattening test of Specification A 530 /A
530M shall be made on a specimen from one end or
both ends of each pipe. Crop ends may be used. If
this supplementary requirement is specified, the number
of tests per pipe shall also be specified. If a specimen
from any length fails because of lack of ductility
prior to satisfactory completion of the first step of the
flattening test requirement, that pipe shall be rejected
subject to retreatment in accordance with Specification
A 530 /A 530M and satisfactory retest. If a specimen
from any length of pipe fails because of a lack of
soundness, that length shall be rejected, unless subse-
quent retesting indicates that the remaining length is
sound. The bend test of 12.2 shall be substituted for
the flattening test for pipe whose diameter exceeds
NPS 25 and whose diameter to wall thickness ratio is
7.0 or less.
S5.1 When requested by the purchaser and so stated
in the order, the manufacturer shall furnish one photomi-
crograph at 100 diameters from a specimen of pipe in
the as-finished condition for each individual size and
wall thickness from each heat, for pipe NPS 3 and
over. Such photomicrographs shall be suitably identified
as to pipe size, wall thickness, and heat. No photomicro-
graphs for the individual pieces purchased shall be
required except as specified in Supplementary Require-
ment S6. Such photomicrographs are for information
only, to show the actual metal structure of the pipe
as finished.
S6. Photomicrographs for Individual Pieces
S6.1 In addition to the photomicrographs required
in accordance with Supplementary Requirement S5, the
purchaser may specify that photomicrographs shall be

549
SA-335 /SA-335M 1998 SECTION II

furnished from each end of one or more pipes from

each lot of pipe NPS 3 and larger in the as-finished
condition. The purchaser shall state in the order the
number of pipes to be tested from each lot. When
photomicrographs are required on each length, the
photomicrographs from each lot of pipe in the as-
finished condition which may be required under Supple-
mentary Requirement S5 may be omitted. All photomi-
crographs required shall be properly identified as to
heat number, size, and wall thickness of pipe from
which the section was taken. Photomicrographs shall
be further identified to permit association of each
photomicrograph with the individual length of pipe it
represents.

S7. Alternative Heat Treatment — Grade P91

S7.1 Grade P91 shall be normalized in accordance
with 5.3 and tempered at a temperature, to be specified
by the purchaser, less than 1350°F [730°C]. It shall
be purchaser’s responsibility to subsequently temper at
1350°F [730°C] minimum. All mechanical tests shall
be made on material heat treated in accordance with
5.3. The certification shall reference this supplementary
requirement indicating the tempering temperature ap-
plied. The notation “S7” shall be included with the
required marking of the pipe.

550