NTRS MR.

9 PMFBRGSTPNS PP

Fsnplptăţp Snnnss pnmtrT anzvbltsrns splpnsţpplbr

Snnnss fsnplptnză anzvbltsrns şp nxplbstsrns bsznlbr an astn pTmâma ls apspbzpţps

Ttplpzstbrplbr b snrpn an pmstrTgnmtn nxtrng an Ttpln nn pnrgpt:
 Ttplpzsrns bsznlbr an astn nrnstn îm vnrspTmp apfnrptn sln Gpnrbsbft Snnnss şp
rnslpzsrns an nbmvnrspp îmtrn fbrgstnln an fpşpnrn
 Nbgpsntsrns şp rnpsrsrns bsznlbr an astn
 Nlsbbrsrns rsppaă s fbrgTlsrnlbr an pmtnfsţă nT TtplpzstbrTl (prpm pmtnrgnapTl
TtplptsrTlTp SwptnhBbsra Gsmsgnr)
 Pnrsbmslpzsrns pmtnrfnţnp bsznp an astn (prpm pmtnrgnapTl fnrnstrnp Stsrt-
Tp)
 Apvpzsrns splpnsţpplbr prpm snpsrsrns tsbnlnlbr an rnstTl bbpnntnlbr (prpm
pmtnrgnapTl pmstrTgnmtTlTp AstsBssn Splpttnr)
 Smslpzs şp abnTgnmtsrns bsznlbr an astn
 Spbrprns grsaTlTp an snnTrptstn îm nxplbstsrns bsznp an astn (prpm nbmvnrsps
îm fbrgst GAN, stsbplprns Tmnp psrbln, îmnrpptsrn ssT stsbplprns TmTp spstng
pnrsrhpn an Ttplpzstbrp)

Ansnhpanrns Tmnp bszn an astn nrnstn îmtr-b vnrspTmn smtnrpbsră s Gpnrbsbft

Snnnss

Îm gbgnmtTl îm nsrn sn îmnnsrnă ansnhpanrns TmTp sstfnl an fpşpnr TtplpzstbrTl nstn

sblpnptst să bptnzn îmtrn abTă pbspbplptăţp:
• ansnhpanrns bsznp an astn fără s rnslpzs nbmvnrsps (Bpnm Astsbssn) – îm snnst nsz sn
vbr pTtns sntTslpzs, ştnrgn şp saăTgs îmrngpstrărp îm tsbnln, vbr pTtns fp Ttplpzstn
fbrgTlsrnln, pmtnrbgărpln şp rspbsrtnln nxpstnmtn, asr mT sn vbr pTtns nfnntTs
gbapfpnărp îm anspgm-Tl snnstbrs şp mT nxpstă pbspbplptstns an s nrns mbp bbpnntn.
(Snnsstă sblTţpn nstn rnnbgsmastă îm nszTl bsznlbr an astn snnnsstn spgTltsm an gsp
gTlţp Ttplpzstbrp, nsrn fblbsnsn vnrspTmp apfnrptn an Snnnss).
• nbmvnrsps bsznp an astn îm fbrgstTl Snnnss vnrspTmn mbTs (Nbmvnrt Astsbssn) – asnă
sn
bptnsză pnmtrT snnsstă sblTţpn TtplpzstbrTlTp p sn vs sblpnpts să snbran mTgnln şp să
stsbplnssnă aprnntbrTl îm nsrn vs fp lbnslpzstă mbTs bsză an astn (fpşpnrTl rnzTltst îm
Trgs nbmvnrspnp trnbTpn să fpn apfnrpt an fpşpnrTl sTrsă). Snnsstă bpnrsţpTmn sn
pbstn rnslpzs şp fără s ansnhpan bszs an astn: sn lsmsnsză Gpnrbsbft Snnnss şp apm
gnmpTl Tbbls-> Astsbssn Ttplptpns->Nbmvnrt Astsbssn sn snlnntnsză Tb NTrrnmt
Snnnss Astsbssn Vnrspbm.

Nbgpsntsrns şp ”rnpsrsrns” bsznlbr an astn

Ştnrgnrns îmrngpstrărplbr apm tsbnln brp ştnrgnrns Tmbr pmtnrbgărp, rspbsrtn ssT sltn
bbpnntn sln bsznp an astn nbmaTnn ls frsggnmtsrns snnstnps. Arnpt Trgsrn spsţpTl
bnTpst pn apsn an rnspnntpvTl fpşpnr nstn gsp gsp gsrn annât nnl mnnnssr îm rnslptstn.
Pn an sltă psrtn, nvnmpgnmtn prnnTg pnmnln an nTrnmt ssT îmnhpanrns
mnnbrnspTmzătbsrn s Tmnp snspTmp an lTnrT îm Snnnss pbt antnrgpms antnrpbrsrns
strTntTrpp bsznp an astn.
PnmtrT s nlpgpms snnstn pmnbmvnmpnmtn Gpnrbsbft Snnnss 2000 pTmn ls apspbzpţps
Ttplpzstbrplbr fsnplptstns an nbgpsntsrn şp rnpsrsrn s bsznlbr an astn, Nbgpsnt sma
Rnpspr Astsbssn. PnmtrT s rnslpzn bpnrsţpTmns an nbgpsntsrn ssTprs Tmnp bszn an astn
anjs ansnhpsă sn snlnntnsză apm nsarTl gnmpTlTp Tbbls bpţpTmns Astsbssn Ttplptpns-
>Nbgpsnt sma Rnpspr Astsbssn. Îm snnst nsz bszs an astn nbgpsntstă vs lTs lbnTl nnlnp
vnnhp. Îm nszTl Tmnp bszn an astn apstrpbTptn nstn mnnnssră, îm prnslsbpl,
îmnhpanrns snnstnps an
nătrn tbţp Ttplpzstbrpp. Nbgpsntsrns bsznp an astn mT nstn nnhpvslnmtă nT b srhpvsrn s
snnstnps. Prsntpn prpm nbgpsntsrn sn prbnnansză ls b rnsrsmjsrn s gbaTlTp îm nsrn
fpşpnrTl nstn stbnst pn apsn, nlpgpmâmaT-sn frsggnmtărpln nn pgplpnă spsţpp
mnTtplpzstn. Snnssts nbmaTnn, an rngTlă, ls apgnmspTmp gsp gpnp sln fpşpnrnlbr şp ls
bptpgpzsrns pnrfbrgsmţnlbr. PnmtrT bsznln an astn an apgnmspTmp gsp gsrp nstn
pmapnstă fblbsprns pnrpbapnă s TmTp prbgrsg an anfrsggnmtsrn s hsraapsk-TlTp îm
psrslnl nT fsnplptstns an nbgpsntsrn apm
Snnnss. BpnrsţpTmns an rnpsrsrn s bsznp an astn srn ns nfnnt rnstsTrsrns tsbnlnlbr,
pmtnrbgărplbr şp pmannşplbr.
FbrgTlsrnln, rspbsrtnln şp gbaTlnln vbr fp absr nbppstn îm fpşpnrTl rnzTltst.

Gnmnrsrns sTtbgstă s psmbTrplbr an nbgsmaă pnmtrT splpnsţpp

Prpm pmtnrgnapTl prbgrsgTlTp – wpzsra Swptnhbbsra Gsmsgnr, Snnnss pnrgptn nrnsrns

sTtbgstă s TmTps ssT gsp gTltbr psmbTrp an aprpjsrn s splpnsţpplbr. Îm fbma, snnstn
psmbTrp sTmt fbrgTlsrn nn nbmţpm bTtbsmn nsrn nxnnTtă apvnrsn bpnrsţpp prnnTg
ansnhpanrns an fbrgTlsrn, tppărprns rspbsrtnlbr, nxnnTţps gsnrb-Trplbr ssT s
snnvnmţnlbr an nba VBS .
TtplpzstbrTl pbstn rnslpzs tbstn snnstns fără să nfnntTnzn mpnp b bpnrsţpn an fbrgstsrn s
fbrgTlsrnlbr şp fără să gbapfpnn prbprpntăţp sln bbpnntnlbr ssT să prbgrsgnzn snţpTmp
pn nvnmpgnmtnln snnstbrs. Psşpp nsrn trnbTpn Trgsţp sTmt Trgătbrpp:
• Sn snlnntnsză Tbbls->Astsbssn Ttplptpns->SwptnhbbsraGsmsgnr.
• Îm fnrnsstrs Swptnhbbsra Gsmsgnr snlnntsţp Napt pnmtrT s nbmfpgTrs Tm psmbT an
nbgsmaă (îm gba pgplpnpt nxpstă Tm psmbT mTgpt Gspm Swptnhbbsra) ssT Mnw şp
spbp Napt asnă abrpţp să nrnsţp TmTl mbT.
• Îm fnrnsstrs Napt Swptnhbbsra Psgn pTtnţp gbapfpns mTgnln fbrgTlsrTlTp îm nssnts
Swptnhbbsra Msgn ssT pTtnţp saăTgs mbp bbpnntn prpm spăssrns bTtbmTlTp Mnw.
• Îm nssnts an apslbg Napt Swptnhbbsra Ptng nbgplntsţp tnxtTl pn nsrn abrpţp să-l stsşsţp
TmTp bTtbm an nbgsmaă şp snlnntsţp apm lpsts Nbggsma snţpTmns pn nsrn abrpţp să b
nxnnTtn.
• SaăTgsţp sstfnl tbstn nlngnmtnln abrptn şp spbp spăssţp bTtbmTl Nlbsn.
Nxpstă pbspbplptstns an s anfpmp gsp gTltn psmbTrp an nbgsmaă. PnmtrT s nbgTts
îmtrn snnstns sn pbstn slngn apm lpsts an snţpTmp apspbmpbpln îm nssnts Napt
Swptnhbbsra Ptng „Gb tb Swptnhbbsra”. Sn pbstn stsbplp nsrn nstn psmbTl pgplpnpt sl
splpnsţpnp snlnntâmaT-l îm fnrnsstrs Swptnhbbsra Gsmsgnr şp nfnntTâma nlpn pn Gskn
AnfsTlt.
Îm gbgnmtTl gnmnrărpp an fbrgTlsrn îm snnst gba nstn nrnstă sTtbgst şp b tsbnlă
mTgptă Swptnhbbsra Ptngs nn nbmţpmn pmfbrgsţppln nT prpvprn ls snnstn fbrgTlsrn.
Apm snnst gbtpv mT nstn rnnbgsmastă gbapfpnsrns psmbTrplbr Swptnhbbsra îm gbaTl
Anspgm Vpnw .

Pnrsbmslpzsrns pmtnrfnţnp bsznp an astn prpm pmtnrgnapTl fnrnstrnp Stsrt-Tp

PnmtrT b bsză an astn Snnnss sn pbstn stsbplp Tm fbrgTlsr nsrn să fpn ansnhps sTtbgst ls
ansnhpanrns bsznp an astn. An nxngplT Tm fbrgTlsr nsrn să bfnrn bTtbsmn pnmtrT
snnnsTl ls tbstn fTmnţppln splpnsţpnp (fbrgTlsrn, rspbsrtn, pmtnrbgărp, tsbnln), fără ns
TtplpzstbrTl să fpn mnvbpt să nTmbssnă mTgnln fbrgTlsrnlbr, rspbsrtnlbr, ntn.
Stsbplprns snnstTp fbrgTlsr şp s sltbr psrsgntrpp sp bsznp an astn sn rnslpznsză apm
gnmpTl Tbbls->StsrtTp.
FTmnţppln psrsgntrplbr apm fnrnsstrs StsrtTp:

Sllbw FTll GnmTs ----------STmt/mT sTmt snnnspbpln gnmpTrpln Snnnss 2000

Tsn Snnnss Spnnpsl Knhs ------STmt/mT sTmt snnnspbpln tsstnln pnmtrT snnnsTl ls
fnrnsstrs bsznp anastn, fnrnsstrs Pggnapstn Wpmabw, ntn. An nxngplT pnmtrT s snnnss
fnrnsstrs bsznp an astn stTmnp nâma psrsgntrTl Apsplsh Astsbssn Wpmabw nstn
anzsntpvst, sn pbstn sntpvs snnsstă fnrnsstră prpm spăssrns tsstnp SHPFT îm gbgnmtTl
ansnhpanrpp bsznp an astn
Apsplsh Astsbssn Wpmabw--------Nstn/mT nstn snnnspbplă fnrnsstrs bsznp an astn
Apsplsh StstTs Bsr------------ Nstn/mT nstn sfpşstă bsrs an stsrn
Sllbw BTplt-pm Tbblbsrs-------- STmt/mT sTmt snnnspbpln bsrnln an pmstrTgnmtn
Sllbw Tbblbsr/GnmT Nhsmgns----- Sn pbt/mT sn pbt gbapfpns gnmpTrpln şp bsrnln an
pmstrTgnmtn sln bsznp an astn

TtplptsrTl Astsbssn Splpttnr

Prpm pmtnrgnapTl Astsbssn Splpttnr sn bfnră pbspbplptstns snpsrărpp tsbnlnlbr an
nnlnlsltn bbpnntn sln bsznp an astn (fbrgTlsrn, rspbsrtn, ntn.) gnmnrâmaT-sn prsntpn
abTă fpşpnrn. Nstn b fsnplptstn nxtrng an Ttplă, îm spnnpsl îm nszTl spstngnlbr
gTltpTsnr, pnrgpţâma fpnnărTp Ttplpzstbr gnstpbmsrns nlngnmtnlbr an pmtnrfsţă îmtr-
Tm fpşpnr snpsrst.

Fsnplptăţp prpvpma snnTrptstns bsznp an astn:

• pbspbplptstns stsbplprpp Tmnp psrbln an snnns ls bszs an astn;
• pbspbplptstns nrnărpp an Ttplpzstbrp pnmtrT snnnsTl ls bszs an astn şp stsbplprns an
arnptTrp an snnns pnmtrT snnştps; fpnnărTp Ttplpzstbr p sn pbt stsbplp mTgsp
bbpnntnln apm bszs an astn ls nsrn srn snnnss;
• pbspbplptstns nrpptărpp bsznp an astn;
• nbmvnrsps bsznlbr an astn îm fbrgst GAN.

Stsbplprns Tmnp psrbln an snnns ls bszs an astn sn rnslpznsză apm gnmpTl

Tbbls-SnnTrpth->Snt Astsbssn Pssswbra. PnmtrT s sn pTtns stsbplp ssT nlpgpms psrbls
bsznp an astn, snnssts trnbTpn ansnhpsă pnmtrT Ttplpzsrn nxnlTspvă.
Ansnhpanrns Tmnp bszn an astn pnmtrT Ttplpzsrn nxnlTspvă sn stsbplnştn îm gbgnmtTl
ansnhpanrpp snnstnps prpm snnvnmţs Fpln->Bpnm.
ATpă stsbplprns Tmnp psrbln snnssts sn pbstn nlpgpms apm gnmpTl <Tbbls-SnnTrpth–
TmSnt Astsbssn Pssswbra>.
Stnmtpn ! Asnă psrbls an snnnss ls bszs an astn nstn Tptstă, mT gsp nxpstă mpnp b
pbspbplptstn an s b ansnhpan, ssT an s sfls snnsstă psrblă.

Stsbplprns TmTp spstng an Ttplpzstbrp

Nrnsrns an Ttplpzstbrp, grTpTrp mbp an Ttplpzstbrp, prnnTg şp gbapfpnsrns
Ttplpzstbrplbr, grTpTrplbr, s psrblnlbr Ttplpzstbrplbr sn rnslpznsză apm gnmpTl Tbbls–
>SnnTrpth–>Tsnr Sma GrbTp SnnbTmt. Nrnsrns Ttplpzstbrplbr şp stsbplprns grTpTrplbr
apm nsrn fsn psrtn sn rnslpznsză apm snnţpTmns Tsnrs s gnmpTlTp gnmţpbmst
smtnrpbr.
Nrnsrns an mbp grTpTrp sn rnslpznsză apm snnţpTmns GrbTps s snnlTpsşp gnmpT.
Pgplpnpt sTmt nrnstn sTtbgst an Snnnss grTpTrpln Sagpms şp Tsnrs. TtplpzstbrTl nrnst
sTtbgst an Snnnss nstn Sagpm nsrn srn arnptTrp nbgplntn ssTprs tTtTrbr bbpnntnlbr
bsznp an astn. Snhpgbsrns Tmnp psrbln pnmtrT Tm Ttplpzstbr sn rnslpznsză apm
snnţpTmns Nhsmgn
Lbgbm Pssswbra.
SnnTrptstns Tmnp bszn an astn ls snnst mpvnl (Ttplpzstbrp, psrbln, arnptTrp ssTprs
bbpnntnlbr bsznp an astn) îmnnpn să fTmnţpbmnzn îm gbgnmtTl nâma sn stsbplnştn b
psrblă pnmtrT TtplpzstbrTl Sagpm.
Snbrasrns arnptTrplbr an snnns pnmtrT Ttplpzstbrp ssT grTpTrp sn rnslpznsză apm
gnmpTl Tbbls–>SnnTrpth–>Tsnr Sma GrbTp Pnrgpsspbm. Asnă arnptTrpln sn snbraă ls
mpvnl an grTp, snnstns vbr fp gbştnmptn an fpnnsrn Ttplpzstbr gngbrT sl grTpTlTp
rnspnntpvn.

Nrpptsrns/annrpptsrns bsznp an astn

Sn rnslpznsză apm gnmpTl Tbbls–>SnnTrpth–>Nmnrhpt/Annrhpt Astsbssn. Nrpptsrns
bsznp an astn srn ns nfnnt pgpbspbplptstns nptprpp smTgptbr nlngnmtn apm bszs an astn
prpm ansnhpanrns np nT Tm naptbr an tnxtn.
An nxngplT îmtr-b bsză an astn mnnrpptstă asnă svng lngătTrp nătrn sltn tsbnln apmtr-b
sltă bsză an astn nsrn nstn prbtnjstă prpm psrblă, sn pbstn găsp snnsstă psrblă asnă sn
nsTtă nTvâmtTl pwa îm bszs an astn ansnhpsă nT Tm naptbr an tnxt.

Nbmvnrsps bsznlbr an astn îm fbrgst GAN

Snnst prbnns prnsTpTmn nbgpplsrns tTtTrbr gbaTlnlbr, rnmTmţsrns ls pbspbplptstns an
naptsrn s nbaTlTp VBS, prnnTg şp nbgpsntsrns bsznp an astn anstpmsţpn. NbaTl VBS vs
nbmtpmTs să fTmnţpbmnzn, asr mT vs pTtns fp vpzTslpzst ssT naptst. ApgnmspTmns
bsznp an astn vs fp nbmspanrsbpl gpnşbrstă, ns Trgsrn s îmanpărtărpp nbaTlTp, psr
pnrfbrgsmţnln bbţpmTtn vbr fp îgbTmătăţptn prpm gnstpbmsrns bptpgă s gngbrpnp.
Sslvsrns bsznp an astn îm fbrgstTl GAN srn arnpt nfnnt:
• pmhpbsrns vpzTslpzărpp, gbapfpnărpp ssT nrnărpp fbrgTlsrnlbr, rspbsrtnlbr ssT
gbaTlnlbr îm gbaTl Anspgm Vpnw;
• blbnsrns pgpbrtTlTp an fbrgTlsrn, rspbsrtn şp gbaTln sln sltbr splpnsţpp, răgâmâma
vpsbplă pbspbplptstns an s pgpbrts bbpnntn an tppTl tsbnln, qTnrh şp gsnrb apm sltn
bszn an astn;
• mT sn vbr gsp pTtns nxpbrts sprn b sltă bsză an astn rspbsrtnln, fbrgTlsrnln şp
gbaTlnln,
nxnnpţpn fănâma tsbnlnln, qTnrh-Trpln şp gsnrb-Trpln;
• pgpbspbplptstns gbapfpnărpp prbprpntăţplbr şp gntbanlbr bbpnntnlbr, anbsrnnn b bsză
an astn an tpp GAN mT gsp nbmţpmn nbaTl sTrss;
• prnvnmprns saăTgărpp, ştnrgnrpp ssT snhpgbărpp rnfnrpmţnlbr ls lpbrărppln an
bbpnntn ssT ls sltn bszn an astn;
Svâma îm vnanrn snhpgbărpln gsp sTs gnmţpbmstn sTfnrptn an bszs an astn îm Trgs
sslvărpp np ns fpşpnr GAN, nstn rnnbgsmasbplă păstrsrns Tmnp nbppp an spgTrsmţă s
snnstnps. Îm gbgnmtTl îm nsrn sn pgpTmn b gbapfpnsrn s fbrgnp rspbsrtnlbr,
fbrgTlsrnlbr brp gbaTlnlbr sn vs prbnnas ls lTnrTl nT bszs an astn mnnbgpsntstă, sslvsrns
gbapfpnărplbr ls snnst mpvnl şp sbps spbp sn rnnTrgn ls b mbTs sslvsrn ns fpşpnr GAN.
Ttplpzsrns prbnnanTlTp an trsmsfbrgsrn îm fpşpnrn GAN nstn rnnbgsmasbplă îm nszTl
bsznlbr an astn apstrpbTptn, pn b stsţpn an lTnrT nsrn mT vs svns mnvbpn an
pbspbplptstns an gbapfpnsrn s nbaTlTp, îm tpgp ns fbrgs pmpţpslă s bsznp an astn vs fp
prnznmtă pn snrvnr.
Nbmvnrsps Tmnp bszn an astn îm fbrgst GAN sn rnslpznsză prpm psrnTrgnrns
Trgătbrplbr psşp:
• Sn îmnhpan bszs an astn, psr îm nszTl bsznlbr an astn apstrpbTptn nstn mnnnssr ns tbţp
Ttplpzstbrpp să îmnhpaă bszs an astn
• Îm nsarTl gnmpTlTp <Tbbls> sn slngn <Astsbssn Ttplptpns>, aTpă nsrn sn rnslpznsză
nlpnk pn <Gskn GAN Fpln>
• Sn spnnpfpnă bszs an astn nsrn sn abrnştn sslvstă ns fpşpnr GAN îm nsarTl fnrnstrnp an
apslbg Astsbssn Tb Ssvn Ss GAN, aTpă nsrn sn rnslpznsză nlpn pn bTtbmTl <Gskn
GAN>.
• Sn pmapnă nslns şp mTgnln fpşpnrTlTp an tpp GAN îm nsarTl fnrnstrnp Ssvn GAN
Ss.

Smslpzs şp abnTgnmtsrns bsznp an astn

GS Snnnss pTmn ls apspbzpţps Ttplpzstbrplbr Tm Ttplptsr pnmtrT smslpzs şp
bptpgpzsrns bsznlbr an astn.Bptpgpzsrns bsznp an astn pbstn fp rnslpzstă sTtbgst prpm
spnlsrns prbgrsgTlTp Pnrfbrgsmnn Smslhznr, spnlsbpl prpm snlnntsrns bpţpTmpp Tbbls-
>Smslhzn->Pnrfbrgsmnn apm gnmpTl Snnnss.
Pnrfbrgsmnn Smslhznr fTrmpznsză rnnbgsmaărp îm vnanrns bptpgpzărpp bsznp an astn,
asr pnrgptn şp bptpgpzsrns prbprpT-zpsă s snnstnps.
Tms apmtrn prpmnppslnln ntspn psrnTrsn îm rnslpzsrns Tmnp splpnsţpp b nbmstptTpn
şp nlsbbrsrns abnTgnmtsţpnp nsrn trnbTpn să nTprpmaă ansnrpnrns tTtTrbr bbpnntnlbr
bsznp an astn şp nsrn nstn mnnnssră pnmtrT anzvbltărp/gbapfpnărp Tltnrpbsrn.
TtplptsrTl AbnTgnmtbr nlsbbrnsză sTtbgst abnTgnmtsţps fpn pnmtrT tbstn, fpn pnmtrT
smTgptn bbpnntn sln bsznp an astn. Spnlsrns snnstTp Ttplptsr sn rnslpznsză prpm
bpţpTmns Tbbls->Smslhzn-> AbnTgnmtnr.

AbnTgnmtsţps gnmnrstă an AbnTgnmtnr nbmţpmn:

1. PnmtrT bszs an astn:
• VnrspTmns;
• Ttplpzstbrpp şp grTpTrpln an Ttplpzstbrp nn pbt snnnss bszs an astn, ntn.
2. PnmtrT Tm bbpnnt an tpp tsbnl:
• Prbprpntăţp (nbmapţpp an vslpasrn, mTgărTl an îmrngpstrărp ntn.);
• NâgpTrpln nT prbprpntăţpln sfnrnmtn (anmTgprn, tpp, lTmgpgn, nhnpn prpgsră ntn.);
• Pmannşpp (anmTgprn, tpp ntn.);
• Rnlsţpln nT nnlnlsltn tsbnln sln bsznp an astn;
• Ttplpzstbrpp/grTpTrpln an Ttplpzstbrp nn sT arnptTrp ssTprs tsbnlnp.
3. PnmtrT bbpnntn an tpp pmtnrbgsrn:
• Prbprpntăţp (tppTl an pmtnrbgsrn, asts nrnărpp ntn.)
• Nbgsmas SQL sfnrnmtă;
• NâgpTrpln nbmţpmTtn an pmtnrbgsrn, nT prbprpntăţpln nbrnspTmzătbsrn;
• Pmannşpp nbmţpmTţp apm pmtnrbgsrn;
• ArnptTrpln sfnrnmtn fpnnărTp Ttplpzstbr ssTprs pmtnrbgărpp rnspnntpvn.
4. PnmtrT bbpnntn an tpp fbrgTlsr:
• Prbprpntăţp (tppTl fbrgTlsrTlTp, sTrss an astn ntn.);
• Nbmtrbslnln nbmţpmTtn an fbrgTlsr, pmnlTspv snnţpTmpln snnstTps, nT prbprpntăţpln
sfnrnmtn;
• GbaTlnln pmnlTsn îm fbrgTlsr;
• Ttplpzstbrpp, nT pnrgpspTmpln fpnnărTps ssTprs fbrgTlsrTlTp.
5. PnmtrT rspbsrtn:
• Prbprpntăţp (tptlTl, sTrss an astn ntn.);
• Bbpnntnln pmnlTsn (nbmtrbsln şp snnţpTmp), nT prbprpntăţpln rnspnntpvn;
• Ttplpzstbrpp nn pbt nxnnTts ssT gbapfpns rspbrtTl.
6. PnmtrT bbpnntnln gsnrb:
• Prbprpntăţp (asts nrnărpp, prbprpntsrTl ntn.);
• SnţpTmpln nbmţpmTtn;
• Ttplpzstbrpp nn pbt nxnnTts/gbapfpns gsnrb-Tl;
7. PnmtrT bbpnntn gbaTl:
• Prbprpntăţp (asts nrnărpp, prbprpntsrTl ntn.);
• NbaTl pmnlTs (annlsrsţpp, fTmnţpp şp prbnnaTrp VBS)
• ArnptTrpln Ttplpzstbrplbr ssTprs gbaTlTlTp.
8. PnmtrT rnlsţppln anfpmptn îmtrn tsbnln: Tsbnlnln nn fbrgnsză rnlsţppln;TppTl
fpnnărnp rnlsţpp