Ethics in

Research
Implications

 The publication of the research should

be filtered so that nobody gets hurt
 The researcher is a confidante of the
respondent, who takes him with all
credulity
VULNERABLE INDIVIDUALS

 CHILDREN
 INSTITUTIONALIZEDPEOPLE
 PEOPLE WITH TERMINAL
ILLNESS
 PREGNANT
Risks

Physical Risk
Psychological Risk
Social Risk
Economic Risk
Principles
 Non maleficence
 “ought to act in ways that do not cause needless harm or
injury to others”
 Beneficence
 “not only should we NOT HARM them, but we should attempt
to HELP them”
 Utility
 “should act in ways as to bring about the greatest benefit
and the least harm”
 Autonomy
 Rational individuals should be permitted to be self-
determining
Consent

Informed Consent
Disclosure
Comprehension
Voluntary Consent
Competence
HOW TO ASSURE PRIVACY
OF PARTICIPANTS
 ANONIMITY
 PLEDGE OF CONFIDENTIALITY
 FINDINGSOF THE STUDY WILL BE
SHARED TO THE INSTITUTION
WHERE THE RESPONDENTS
BELONG
Summary of Rules in
Research Ethics:
 Informed consent is given
 The design justifies the study
 Suffering and injury must be avoided
 Risk is commensurate with potential benefit
 Study is subjected to an independent review
 Publication integrity is maintained
 Explicit attention is given to ethics