D l - s i K d Z h eZ h o n gD l t !

Sh)\'ingw
:, :, i:;. ,ill ]-! j..*j,tr i=: -'{ :

LessonFour This Map Is in Engli

W6 kdn yixid xing mo

.'.. "-i: , ta ''r?
Canlhavealook?

d)tirshi \fngw6n de
ti ,, .:'.. -...: ?, -.
This map is ir English,

Zhdb6ncididnfeichdngh6ofeichdngy6u
:i1t i til.F .:, :. ':-'. :'Ffr Af
This dictionaryis very goodandvery useful.

.:: ::1JL Z4:/

 Iilrl'uI€lunoui uprls (N)
-is
5€
uo??JD ou9| (N)

Surue:ru lsLA (N)

3ut1s:ra1u1 rsl^ nQ^

,{lle:r U?LIZ f^pY)

4424 f1:re3',{1e,r4e.redruoc f^pYl
nAou{ oDplqz ( ,t)
rrrnlr
t7 .L
Jo|uts oP' (etd
eJnsEJTd ruqM (A)
so.{ optqs

# oP uQo (lJ

^H e'u8 L?6 (,r.)

'qts op o1Suroi eq'( qts op o])tu?.&' qts 1u?,14 opA f,1dg
rq8p11e;9 0ulx ( ,\)

otx 1A

rool UQ} (.,r.)

eSzn8uelqsqSug uaM0ul\ fN)
s8en?ue1
eseuq3 uoMOuqL{Z (N)

4J 1s>1c47deupodzd
roJ pJo,\\ aJ?s?3u e 0upqz (,&w)
E{r *t dzur 'r1Lp tN)
1e.#i4 (N.) cidldn dictionary 4
x+i44 Hdn-\ingcldldn ( hinese-Lnglishdicti

+xi44 YIngHdncdidn fnglish-Chinesedict

20.^ (M.W.) Den a measureword for b

( Q . w .) s h 6 l s h u l who
22.:4',it4 qing wdn Excuseme (usedto begina q
l;l (V.) wen ask

23.fi (Adj.) dui corect,yes

24.iYF; (Adv.) feichdng very,verymuch

2s.4n (Adj.) yduyong usetul

26.AY (Op.V.) n6ng can

27.Ft (V.) ydng use

28.I *li (Adv.) dongrdn of course

SupplementaryWords

lo _f (N) shu book +

30.,i+ (N.) b6nzi notebook

't-]
J1. €l (N.) DI pen j-

- ^ +
(M.w.) zhl ameasurewordforpe

JJ.4\ ?- (N.) jidoshi classroom

34.LiK s h dn gk d attendclass
ta rj-t

BoiXdoh6ng
Ert,K
wty.'+ --tKf {'6t, .-t&
an,%.n " xa "
Ji6n9 Shdn . ,itr;/.7?t@.
.)r 6,411'h?
tll *,fr'-f

B6iXidoh6nq
'E"b4i ' ,
an.4 4i" 4t$*8+i#r6€ti6t?
Ji6nq Shdn
./J- Jl +x,st.
BdiXidoh6ng -a6s.
an,4, 95n"dt&Jt,E€+{i!.
Ji6ng Shdn
:A ,!: 'i*.tj4t
!

BdlX6oh6nq
44,* 1fttts*f E?
4?fr+ANtA+*4+/aI
Ji6ng Shon
rail
-. .. B6i
BdiXidohdns
A n'er tFlf*I! (unfoldirg themap)4kfr
,;Ej-)U6
Jiong Shdn
7r 'J.J +^+"6""
BdiXidoh6ng \ \ Shdnsh6L

44,4 ii€I6'6"

Jiong Shdn
)a rL *"t€i6,"
 'qel*EEft4ie i
*v
.4c

iq4T*Egq4T4"6*l "
'ai rV4n
-,

LEt'*'nj--sEW

'q4,F*)9-'q4sY 4)9- 'Efttr+.grryw"

L,@WW++E

"",t(vv "!( v4!1

LE^"V(V1(rlri"a+9"€9vv

'rrtE+*F"J,"

LXy:{T',T "Ed+V
.
Lt
. . upqsoufl - - uqq

""ttT4T
upqs6u9t \
Jions Shdn
7 r & at#!
S6iXidohdng , 4d,V td,/s.:.
fr + Wtb,@
6,.1.?.r 4t$ &+ f W?
*'"++E? 4tr.
JiOng Shdn
)a tl.t €6t",*\tts+fwtitL""
. . B6iim
BoiXdohdng
6 , 1 . * r iFlffi ! (unfoldingthemap)'f66, €€au63
Ji6ng Shon
'i- fi +r"+.b".
B6iXidoh6ng . . ShonShoi

6,1.*r €€I636"
Jionq Shon
)L '! ,\4'€"
Bd! Xdoh6ng . . L6nsshdn
6,.1.3r:€€ia'J-l""
L6noshdn . - . Ldngshon. .
Ji6ng Shdn
)L rL: ilA? i^r€i€. ie'!ii6ri-?
Bdi Xidohons
6 , . ] . 3 r : }b+i14,1."
&*EflliJL.

Jiong Shdn
)t '!:

B6iXidoh6ng
6 , . l ' ? r ,frFff;Lfr"aL,xfr,t""
 'uBqsnQAlqz '6u91ngftgturP11| 0u
:
iour OuglnQArQN ilst^ nQAu?Llzrz6u;uqb qq7 U
'lQurQz 'oprxoQrlg :6
Pr[QM
iQp nq Qpupqsougl ooplqzng eupqsougl
:
'upqsou9-l QqZ :6
Lr.ls
-ooplqz
QM :
'rQqOuQqS
lqs QLIZ 6
'ooplqz
QM ,
'6utjtqg

'uQ)
tqsQqz lN (al?ueqt?r{ploJun) iD optl oN 6
'lu9^^ 'eptqs :
9n66u9q7Qb6uprxQM
i9n66uqq7
uo)lN 6
r1b6uprxlN leuluqqsuQonlp 9n66uQqz
i o!xQ!x I
'oPugmDu!\
lqsnlp 6upqzaqz lao 6
'ep u9mbu11

opA5 6u1y 6
iep ugM6u!\lqslpqep ugMOuQqZ
'olxi^ uQ)
iotu 6uJX QM
'ePu9m6u11
6uPqz['eP ugmbuqqz
6upqz11 11p9n66uqq7 nQlQM'nQ rO
6upqz6upr1
inlp 9n66u9qz nQA
nQ^rgur N
Jiang Shan: Do Youhave a map of Chha?
' t
Bai Xaohong: Yes, I have two. One is in Chinese
English.

Jiang Shan: Maylhavealook?

Bai Xaohong: Yes, of course. Do you want the Chine

English one?

Jiang Shan: I want the English one.

Bai Xiaohong: Here you are.This map is in English'

Jiang Shan: Thank you.

Bai Xiaohong: Why do you want to look at the map of Ch

plaming to go to China?

Jiang Shan: Yes, I want to take a triP to China.

B
Bai Xiaohong: Good! (unfolding the map) Look. This is
Jiang Shan: I know.

Bai Xiaohong: This is Shanghai.

Jiang Shan: I know.
'IhlS
Bai Xiaohong: 1SL0ngsnan.

Jiang Shanr Inngshan? I don't know it. Is it a big pla

Bai Xiaohong: No. Tt's small.My homeis there.

Jiang Shan: interestingl Are thereany
Thenameis rea11y

Bai Xiaohong: No dragons.Only mountains.

\ h | )aF.4+At4*t'7
Jidng Shon
)a fi: xxrea.
Md L]
Er h,, AF**z$'ft'T
Jidng Shon
'i- fi: +i;ii"
Md L]
n6
Ji6ns Shdn
ii^tt-*14 S.€?l *1,rFA+ x;q 4f €4\ 6t"
M d U . /
h h ' R:tE"#t7
Ji6no Sh6n
lr ,l-r, i^4f:€" t\^s,isrriffi€zrf st#l*"
(At this momentthe teacherMr' Zhangentersthe classroom')
Md L]
#r"4?
;Z+14* F.-'l&
Z rF,h 14?,,
Zhdnq- -

tK*lf , Fl-",€r\6t.
M d L l \ v ,

h h: '*EiA*E/z#?
Zhongv -

lk*lf fr fr H".
ii;^14*rF 6'',f ,AF
Md Li

4 ./l AhA?5^aVn"-f?
"
Zhdng - -

tl. *rfr | g f&a;ry;r.

 'YII"Y?
Li--EWZVVn,,AVW

"swy.#AF'&,,.*iFfbi* E
w:!ry!-
1.{s?TEiY
'4+\rB'n{F

i $ qeEiTff E?Ye',.bl 42'A +

'44 reqceel eIR luel[ol
('ruooJsselo oql sJalue3ueq7

[4+4WYe' EV\t "EdYV

"# E|q+

Lt"t7
' qcF?vff E:N3XVds'
q4vTff BixxYe

i$q4:ytTdgffe+Ys

i.u^*!{
"{EiT
L^6w7/+14
Md D, Zhdshl sh6nmecididn?

JiongShon Hdn-Ying
cididn.

Md Li: Nd bbn ne?

JiongShon Ying-Hdn
cididn.

Md L): Zhdlidngb6ncididndoushi ni de mo?

JidngShon cididnshi wd de, nd

Zhdb6n Hdn-Ying

Yng-Hdn cididnbi shi wd de.

Md Li: Shishuide?

JiongShdn Bi zhidoo.Wd xidng,zhdddgdishi ld

(At thismomenttheteacherMr. Zhangenterstbec

Md Li: Ldoshi,qingwdn, zhdb6ncididnshi n

ZhongldoshT:Dui, shi wd de.

Md DI Zhdbdncididnzdnmeydng?

ZhongLdoshT:ZhdbdncididnfCichdng
hdo, feichdn

Md Lil W6 n6ngbu n6ngydngyixio?

ZhongLdoshi:Dong16nkdyi.
 'esmoc .3
Jo

eluellloltreJoJ1Iesnld?W

'Ir$esn.&e
Pu" PooA,&e^ s ,1I ,?

i,$"uoqc-rpsrqtJo {trr.q}nof op Frl!\

.5qrtrs 'se^ t*M
rlr

'Ewr17 't1t1 'olu asncxg

i.,ft€uoqcrp mod sq] q

( uroorsselceqt sretua3ueq7 ryr1reqceeloql luoIuoII

's.JeqJ€:larll eq ,{eu-ltr {u[n I eeprou e^?qI 'ue

ill sI . J?uo4clp esor{lY!

'eulltr lou sr osoulqC-qsllEuA

"(leuorprp

euru $ ,{reuorplp qslSug-esaulqJ sllll ,u?

leql lnq

ismod sou?uoqclP oal eseql eJY

', r?uoqclp osar413-qsq8ug uY :u

ieuo 1?q1lnoqe l€q \

'd.reuoriclP
qslEug-eseulqJ ? s.11 :u

isql sr &euoqcrp teqr!\

Note:

"&Ay-^AVn-T? ".'9 R;Iy;r"

meaning " { r'l kdyl"' But w
"6hn6ng"here refers to permisslon,
questionsand negativesentence
oermission," 6hn6ng"is usua$ usedin

Review

shouldbe u
As we mentionedbefore , a measureword

nr]meraland a noun. E g'

4 $-'ia]* lidngbdn cididn

usedbefoleth
Num. + M.W. + N. : i{.zhd orifnd canbe
by using 4fnd
to make it definite; a questionis formed

4,t44Fffi}.14 *? ii6 A6€iF & -&€ .4?

hdis
Ni ydo nd lidngb6n cididn?Zhd lidngbdn
cididn?
4\.f -*A6^tJ4, r\*tFffi A€4.
b
W6 briydozhdlidngb6ncidrdn'w6 ydond lidng
 'no^bugdop uptls 6uBIf lrq QM "ZV{ri4tl'14*
tqs

nbnqsA "+
'qre^ erF
Jo luor; ut ,,;1,,3u91nd,(q pauuo; sr earp

'n^upH

opxgnxueu{unb6upxQM "4v, k+4*LV:yJ.+W

Jx?nx
'nlp gnoDuQqz '8fttr4*r-EF
tAnQA
6upqz 9M
ep uptls6uptlLqsaM 'Ygrq4'T4
'no^0ugd
'n^upH '+.4XE
Jxgnx
aM
nbaM'
'3 0 (rtetqo a qren a
)

'u9q uonq[ 'u?q

Qu nq Qqzuonq
.Vde]r€y,yFyr

iu?qpurqsrpq Qqziu?qpuuon
uQq
ivtstsqvli L*t64
€'e pegrurouegosr 1r '.,-,, sI IeJeunu3
'uQqOuprl oQAeM'u?q 6u8rl
QU Qr.lzoQA
'V4rle6\t'YBFFY

€g pagruroequecu
 iLi+"
*.6&+4&41++i+4
Wd bi xidngqUnimenxu6xidoxu6x[HdnyU

fomrof "6" is ")*-6"' Notethat"Tfr" is

Butthenegative

acceptablein Chinese.e.g.

*,aAf Br&,81.
dit(.
Wd m6iy6uZhonggu6

Adverbialsshouldbe usedbeforethe verb'

*'41*(+# fr+ A + 4 it'l* '

X xu6xiHdnyi'
W6mendouzdi Dongydxu6

B. Subject+ Adjective( adjectivesasverbs)'e'g'

bl hdo
lha.tr:+l^+t " To de gongzud
h6ndd
N'4n+&4]'.X"Tomenxu6xido
xi6o'
tF4.}t,trF6''l' . Ndgd difongfcichdng

ii.Ai"]* tt &A ,Fl. Zheb6ncididnbijidov6uvdng

Generallyspeaking, the verb ".€" is not usedbefore ad

adverbssuchas "4.1R.-lF'fi'. ib# " etc. areoftenusedto mod

.uo4€Fdod slpFo.\{ eql Jo yozz :Ifroqero 'uol$q € I Foq" Jo uo4elndodP s
.gqbugnHre ry,{.o eI €ql q }seauolpsoceseql :6upll6upq3ro re^Id
'U{ 'bS000'009'6fo BeJ"ue sle^oc?
rz8u€I eql st elnqJ Er re^u $e8sol eqJ,

('N) '*
pl€oq{c"lq upqlgq

gggge uPAnA A$6 ?

q"l eE?nEu?ItqsuQ^Jqs

reqs€31 !]soQtl ('N) ,

MW
ugdJc ( N)
lsrp dddog
upd ('a.rr)

etl?ioePI^ rPPouPrxll ( N) +8
#-&tw
sdsl tQpJc ('N)
'qe 1f,JA 'rePlmar

'relndrflot loJ PJo,{\smseeru l9l (.4[II)

"
w*!w ucA 1f0uptxt11 ('N) w
w+& JepJoseJ {ut^rtI (N) ry
relndruoc oQuuQlp (N)
nu&
Iooqlxel u?qQ) ('N)
 eq} s t leq
iluEm€ts:r mo.'{ uI qslp snorcllep }solll

UOu
aLuuoqslt.lslQcop lqcoQqLnzuorpuQ+

i,44 i d?

rqsrAtqs6u9unq 0u

ilqqs ellqA\ stql sl I{3ruu ,'\

!9quQllQ
upqsuQtlc
ugb ooqsgnp

'aseulqJ el
ll e leeds uz

SnqsrnLQ
rlAupptuPtPlA

f.r; 1 ,{uy41 a.Lrduosso'l

lqsrAlrls0u9un q 0 u 9 N q) I

I t:l
l
 dnos (N)
tkl

tnos UDNS ('fpY)

6uBloluQns
dnosmos-Pu?-loq
+:4tW
roq',4.raddad al ( fpv)

1?e Irl3 ('A)

g qss DA (N)

re?sur,t Qc (N)

reEns orpi (N)

E' tr qt 33n"smosPu?leel^suI qsIJ lAqcOuo1

qslp lQc (N)

snorcrtop lqcoQl-l ('fpv)

lsouraql lnz ('^pv)

lu?m?lsar uQlpuQ+ ('N)

9/XA,

eulot tpl (N)

*

Qu ('[uo3)

.{-4 Lt.ls ("\)

-V slu?d 'sJosnoJl !ZQ) ('N)

*v
:!'l- '31e'qsg 'sJe^u 'sP?ol's$-DIs

'srosnoJl JoJ Plo,^i. smsearu 3 o9!] (arN)

 -:.t7 '
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'uosroalsel€seql, soqloir '{nq ol doqs € o1 seoS eq d€poJ r!\ou euq

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L%/*WJi+llE ila€nY
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Ji6 kd: Ni hdo!

Xidojie: YO, Nin hui shuoHdnYU?

Ji6 kd: W6 hui shuoYididnr.

Xidojie xidngmdi sh6nme?

Xidnsheng

Ji6 kd W6 xidngmdiyi jidnchdnshonZhdjidn b6i c

du6shooqion?

Xidolie Sibdidrshibokudi.

Ji6 kd Tdi gui le! Nd jidn h6ngchdnshdnne?

pid
Xidolie Ybdi liishiw[ kudi.Bijidopidnvi,v6 biiido

Ji6 kd Hdo, wd Ydond Yfjidn.

Xidojie Nin hdiydo mdi sh6nme?

Ji6 kd Y tido kizi. N6ngbu n6ngshi Yi shi?

Xidolie Dongrdnk6Yi,

Xidolie Z6nmeydng?

Ji6 kd ZhCtidotdi dd.

Xidojie Nd nin shi shi zhetido bo, zhdtido b6 tdi dd

 '?1qos 1.uem,{eryuo eseql,fu

'?rq oo1e.re

eueql a{IJ no.{ oP

'esm

's1ued n
;uo ruaqtd+ I ,(e11i 1o

ilu? \ nod op oEe

'euot€qt alsl 'q8
Il.I

'roueq s{ool pu? red€oqos,{ u"nd a,rg-dlxs pu? perpm

'e^lsusdxeool s
aeuopoJtreqllnoqs l?I{tY!
'uen,(1q3ledlue4
Pu€Perpun

il{qs alrq^r srql sl qcruu^\oH ulqs € dnq 01

ilu?lir no,{ op

'slgq e
{"eds rl?c

;eseqq3 leeds rr?t no

io
 (-) '!&*1'fi.it'E?
"'4mo"is trot added'
A tone of surpdseis usedhere ln suchcases
But uDlike"AY"' "4
Both "iE neng" atrd"Ahul" car rcferto ability'
of study"'e g :
"masteringa skill by mea'ns
o
kudizi, e/topstb*s W6 hul ydng kudizi'
,\*.Fl'Ef

*"4+n o W6 bi hul ydngdidnndo

€,Bfididnndo,comPate'

(:)"+i T"."€'*nn"."a+6 il.Jr"

is trormally put on "d"
"i " T' iudicatesa high degee The stress
pi6nyi le!" ff the adj€ctiveis stresse4tle last "
Ttdi gui le!" "t&-f f tdi
jidnyif
iodicating
omitted, asin "'!i'l*ixL XX('|)' *"6#'4 Zhd
excess,
w6 bUnengchuon."

&'tt 4t,FE ". " /Sj6 * * +l 2 "

( -) " v.'#-4a-ir,
"#" is u
Chinese"f'h6" is oot exactly th€ sameas "and" in English
nouns ol noun phrasesas in "?
limite<lway. It is usually usedto connect
tA", dlt0 he M6igu6diti" butnot to co
'+ E,&,K fr € E ]&,ElZhonggud

iL+n+4iked'ik'+4'"
h6npi6nyi,h6npidoliong'
ZhejidnchCnshdn
we cannotuse"fr"
In the abovesentetrc€
'dryC"atrd "j6-hdl", etc. oot only hav€ their ovn meanilgs but can a
th€ fome! aod the lattel e
cono€ctclauses."-t " implies sirrilarity between
jL+Nt4L&n' rL&'&ft'
hdnpidnyi,y6 hdnpidoliong'
Zhdiidnchdnshon
 'E\\OJ emq

e uI reuErpSul^eq oJerT el,^lpu€ 'ueqs 8u€rl 'Sueqsu€HSurC '8uo

{-l

'oq6u1lrQ€
AbN .?":!?F
oqnbQ^^6uau .",+_
'3 e 'lsonbe'lro uoqseSSns
I sossoJdxo
,,a! ,,e

,,4,*FV.1Y

'rznloprl rpr! oQArpq'upqsuQr.lo

uQtfJi rpruoQ
LA
"+*+-x6v',tu&+r-
'3 e uourpp€lo
lueuelddnssel€
 "!-a*H'tI

._-i69.afi '
o .-ri4:L '

LW-Wx,i
'aaQt+"ffir96Y-V "Ytb .
6

;6ztV '++ :
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w{q"
eql ol) :
" we,!*t$ El* Gse.4l€.&

"v1d-%zvw
W
VE or)'99n*f*2oe€4Y
zt#<4t2r?lvv 7v*l (Suoqoety
^...'-. ., Et-:k . J+
I trE€t -,

';d.yy
Ly {l! y7fitgv} at+.e vy t{ L&ql' Wt,

LWtr*'61d-*
: ?NaI.rt.t,e. T
i+€+P 6uto6u9qo!Xrp€ uqq
Ar?qsuaH

"*E+""" "w+
 Oingzud.... Oingh6 chd'

JiongShdn,BdiXi6oh6ng'DTngHdnshcng:Xidxie
Ldiyididnrsh6nme?
Xidojre,nimenfdndidnzul hdochide cdi sh
TdngcUyu.
Hdo, ldiYfgd tdngcuytl.
Wd zui xihuonchTld de.
(to Bai Xaohong)NI n6ngbu nengchi ld de

BdiXidoh6ng:Wd n6ngchiYididnr'
JiongShon, Ldigd suonldtong'
(to thewaitress)

Xidojie: Hdo.Ydobu Ydoldi ge ni0rdu?

K6yi.Ldiy( gd h6ngshooni0rdubo'
DTngHdnshang,
Xidojie: HdiYdoshenme?

BdiXidoh6ng:Mifdn.
: Shuijido,
DingHdnsheng
Xidojie: Hdo, qingd6ngYixio.
 'es?eld'elnu-rtr 1T€l[)'o
"
'sAqldumc
.E'RI

i1u€ \ nod op eslo l€rl!!

uI pesl?JqJaeqo eq 01o{I plnolr\ I'se^ | Sueg

'acnBsdos

tJaeqftI€ lu€a no.,{oo lIIE[lI

'dnosmos-pue-1oq
JepJo01ImlA I ) O (sse.Dr€/[aql 01) : Ir
'e1g11
sL#lL e,{1uo
E ^luw 1nq
'so1 : Euo
+rrY Dd]\

lpoo; .{crdspe no,{rm3 (Euoqo"X I€g ol )

'lsoru eql u
PooS,tcrdsa41 1
'5Cn€smos pue leoarsuI qsg eql lu"-e\e [ ) o
'ecrus mos pu" loe {s w qsrd
'sslntr
lluemelser mof ur qslp snolclep lsolu eql s.13qa
;nof Suuq1,{eu 1eq16
Eulc 'Suoqosx pg 'ueq5Eu
's{wqJ, : SuoqsuEH
'ee1;odnce e.,re11sseeld'u,!\op1lS
 (-)" +'k)L+'a"
"*"in this casemeans"to causeto come",to bring".

(:)"rF- ^+96*4"."4n4rF^+r4"
Here both "*66*-&"and"4 A " refer to dishes, so the measureword sh

(a)" *+6.lh,a"
This is the sameas " *'+ffl,#.)h" "-" havingbeenomitt€d.

Lexical tones and sentenceintonation

Just as every Chinesesyllablehas its own tone, Chinesese

distinct tonal pattems. As in English, the rising tone is usedin
questionsin Chinesewhile the falling tone is usedin statemen
last syllable of a yes-or-noquestionsentenceis in the falling ton
last syllableof a statementis in the rising tone, what do we do?
use at the end ofthe sentence,the rising tone or the falling tone

Actually the sentencetone is like a large wave with many sm

on its surface.the overall sentencetone doesnot completelycha
 'tqsu?rlqsuQluowgnx6ug]
ap lu u966uptx911
iour lle)

l''Y!Y!WY! tt* H qq:U'dnW

LE^Y!
'6uorx(rA)6uptxgnr 0upr 'orxJA
6uqp0u16
.W(-.)W\et?'r-.+

1Aq)qA
iDuJDrtpgn66u9qzep lu uo) (14)up>1

L'^ENE4r'*try1_)grtb
'a e.xjtr l- 'euol oql x
+ )\ u:egedeql o{-q$nf
'ldrtrege ue
ll l?sodoJd ro uo4se88ns e ?utsserdxo secueluesoql q

osl" uec 1I 'suogcsJo uo4€mpFoqs sslouopsqJe^Jo uo4eerldnp

'rr.lsuQr |XAnxk*
rqsuQrxl-Yl-X1Yl'rx9nx
'?'a'gvgv sr sqre,rIqe11.{s1p;o
uuo; pepcqdnpereql'
' 6 u D r(xr A )o u p r x w ( - ) W' u o ) ( r A )u Q ) g ( - ) g
t q sY l ( - ) P
er{J pe
Jo IrrroJpelecqdnper
V,, sr sqre,Lctqeldsouoru
,, V(-)
eq uec sessocord3q4utg1 e,'rr1cepu€ suoqce Su4ecrpursqJel

sqre,l ;o uogecqd

'6upl
LqsQqZ"WEX
'6uQ1
LqsQqZ" V|EE

'spJo1(
oqt o1 uelsl.I 'eEueqcppo,Ll Suruealx ner0 ostaueqlo I€tl
 Elementswhich modi! and limit nouns are knotn as a
ln Chinese,attributivesalwaysprecedethe norm.

+\66 f E ]uE w6 de zhonggu6dlt6

af'4+ta 1+4 ndjidnh6ngchdnshon

+&fi{d=6&Xt,l'a1f;. w6menfdndidnzuihdochide cd

If the athibutive implies a possessiverelation, "6i " is often

* IF 6t t4 4ldoshTde cididn, tt- E #t 'z +fdndidn de mingz

"6i" maybe omitteclasin +\.*444w6 momo, AFl +wd t6n
fdndidn
wd iio, 1,i'fn*&nimen xu6xido,ti.{n'tRlEwdmen

When a monosyllabicadjective is used as an attributive," 6t

.en, X&E dd fdndidn, b N& h6ng
omittedasin }1L hdo
" 6t " is oftenusedas in ltt'fi
Otherwise * hdochTde cdi, 7

pidoliongde difong. If the adjectiveis modifiedby an adverb

alsobe used,asin iF S'jliiL fdichdnghdode r6n, vb4-X#

N4 hdnh6ngde chdnshon.
dd de fdndidn,41<tr#i
u,rol BurqJ(ougrlc ) ?rtu?JOugl
on06uQqz (YrE4)
dlps uplx ('tpY)

lee.]!.\s u9!l ( !pv)

{ulrp clloqocl" nlt ('tpY)

w 3td ttqz ('N)

B4 ue)lcIqs { ('N)

lueC u?+ ( ld,'I I)

quec 0I = o?III I (opur ) oQrl (',4A.'t{)

* Vv ,(cuermc

eseuqJ eql Jo eltreu lqulu..lu9E 4

lc?lq !cr-1 ( fpv)
.no1a.{ 6upnq ('fpv)
ueo.6 U ('FY)
enlq upl ( tpv)
moloc QsupA ('N)

uo lnd 'J€e1i\ upnLlc (^)

 Therearemanyplacesfolchioesepeopletogoshopping:sto'eso
goc€ry
all sorts of open-ai markcts For
specialtyshops, supermarkets,aod
go to faxlnels' malkets shops may be state
Chinese people generally

in openmarketsand tarmers' marke

pdvaxelyovned. Therc are many stalls
thesepl
catrbe rather dowded afld noi$y in
kinds of goodsarc sold thele lt

bargainingis very common'