PROBLEM 7.

Determine the internal forces (axial force, shearing force, and bending
moment) at point J of the structure indicated:
Frame and loading of Prob. 6.77.

SOLUTION

ΣFx = 0: − F = 0
FBD JD:
F=0

ΣFy = 0: V − 20 lb − 20 lb = 0

V = 40.0 lb

ΣM J = 0: M − ( 2 in.)( 20 lb ) − ( 6 in.)( 20 lb ) = 0

M = 160.0 lb ⋅ in.
 PROBLEM 7.2

Determine the internal forces (axial force, shearing force, and bending
moment) at point J of the structure indicated:
Frame and loading of Prob. 6.76.

SOLUTION

FBD AJ: ΣFx = 0: 60 lb − V = 0

V = 60.0 lb

ΣFy = 0: − F = 0

F=0

ΣM J = 0: M − (1 in.)( 60 lb ) = 0

M = 60.0 lb ⋅ in.
 PROBLEM 7.3

For the frame and loading of Prob. 6.80, determine the internal forces
at a point J located halfway between points A and B.

SOLUTION

FBD Frame: ΣFy = 0: Ay − 80 kN = 0 A y = 80 kN

ΣM E = 0: (1.2 m ) Ax − (1.5 m )( 80 kN ) = 0

A x = 100 kN

 0.3 m 
θ = tan −1   = 21.801°
 0.75 m 
FBD AJ:
ΣFx′ = 0: F − ( 80 kN ) sin 21.801° − (100 kN ) cos 21.801° = 0

F = 122.6 kN

ΣFy′ = 0: V + ( 80 kN ) cos 21.801° − (100 kN ) sin 21.801° = 0

V = 37.1 kN

ΣM J = 0: M + (.3 m )(100 kN ) − (.75 m )( 80 kN ) = 0

M = 30.0 kN ⋅ m
 PROBLEM 7.4

For the frame and loading of Prob. 6.101, determine the internal forces
at a point J located halfway between points A and B.

SOLUTION

FBD Frame: ΣFy = 0: Ay − 100 N = 0 A y = 100 N

ΣM F = 0:  2 ( 0.32 m ) cos 30°  Ax − ( 0.48 m )(100 N ) = 0

A x = 86.603 N

ΣFx′ = 0: F − (100 N ) cos 30° − ( 86.603 N ) sin 30° = 0

FBD AJ:
F = 129.9 N

ΣFy′ = 0: V + (100 N ) sin 30° − ( 86.603 N ) cos 30° = 0

V = 25.0 N

ΣM J = 0: ( 0.16 m ) cos 30° ( 86.603 N )

− ( 0.16 m ) sin 30° (100 N ) − M = 0

M = 4.00 N ⋅ m
 PROBLEM 7.5

Determine the internal forces at point J of the structure shown.

SOLUTION

FBD Frame: AB is two-force member, so

Ax Ay 5
= Ay = Ax
0.36 m 0.15 m 12

ΣM C = 0: ( 0.3 m ) Ax − ( 0.48 m )( 390 N ) = 0

A x = 624 N

5
Ay = Ax = 260 N or A y = 260 N
12

ΣFx = 0: F − 624 N = 0

F = 624 N
FBD AJ:
ΣFy = 0: 260 N − V = 0

V = 260 N

ΣM J = 0: M − ( 0.2 m )( 260 N ) = 0

M = 52.0 N ⋅ m
 PROBLEM 7.6

Determine the internal forces at point K of the structure shown.

SOLUTION

FBD Frame: ΣM C = 0: ( 0.3 m ) Ax − ( 0.48 m )( 390 N ) = 0

A x = 624 N

AB is two-force member, so

Ax Ay 5
= → Ay = Ax A y = 260 N
0.36 m 0.15 m 12

ΣFx = 0: − Ax + C x = 0 C x = A x = 624 N

ΣFy = 0: Ay + C y − 390 N = 0

C y = 390 N − 260 N = 130 N or C y = 130 N

12 5
FBD CK:
ΣFx′ = 0: F + ( 624 N ) + (130 N ) = 0
13 13

F = −626 N F = 626 N

12 5
ΣFy′ = 0: (130 N ) − ( 624 N ) − V = 0
13 13

V = −120 N V = 120.0 N

ΣM K = 0: ( 0.1 m )( 624 N ) − ( 0.24 m )(130 N ) − M = 0

M = 31.2 N ⋅ m
 PROBLEM 7.7

A semicircular rod is loaded as shown. Determine the internal forces

at point J.

SOLUTION

FBD Rod:

ΣM B = 0: Ax ( 2r ) = 0

Ax = 0

ΣFx′ = 0: V − ( 30 lb ) cos 60° = 0

V = 15.00 lb
FBD AJ:
ΣFy′ = 0: F + ( 30 lb ) sin 60° = 0

F = −25.98 lb

F = 26.0 lb

ΣM J = 0: M − [ (9 in.) sin 60°] ( 30 lb ) = 0

M = −233.8 lb ⋅ in.

M = 234 lb ⋅ in.
 PROBLEM 7.8

A semicircular rod is loaded as shown. Determine the internal forces

at point K.

SOLUTION

FBD Rod:

ΣFy = 0: By − 30 lb = 0 B y = 30 lb

ΣM A = 0: 2rBx = 0 Bx = 0

ΣFx′ = 0: V − ( 30 lb ) cos 30° = 0

FBD BK:
V = 25.98 lb

V = 26.0 lb

ΣFy′ = 0: F + ( 30 lb ) sin 30° = 0

F = −15 lb

F = 15.00 lb

ΣM K = 0: M − ( 9 in.) sin 30°  ( 30 lb ) = 0

M = 135.0 lb ⋅ in.
 PROBLEM 7.9

An archer aiming at a target is pulling with a 210-N force on the

bowstring. Assuming that the shape of the bow can be approximated
by a parabola, determine the internal forces at point J.

SOLUTION

FBD Point A: By symmetry T1 = T2

3 
ΣFx = 0: 2  T1  − 210 N = 0 T1 = T2 = 175 N
5 

Curve CJB is parabolic: y = ax 2

FBD BJ: 0.16 m 1
At B : x = 0.64 m, y = 0.16 m a= =
( 0.64 m ) 2
2.56 m

1
So, at J : yJ = ( 0.32 m )2 = 0.04 m
2.56 m

dy
Slope of parabola = tan θ = = 2ax
dx

 2
At J : θ J = tan −1  ( 0.32 m ) = 14.036°
 2.56 m 

4
So α = tan −1 − 14.036° = 39.094°
3

ΣFx′ = 0: V − (175 N ) cos ( 39.094° ) = 0

V = 135.8 N

ΣFy′ = 0: F + (175 N ) sin ( 39.094° ) = 0

F = −110.35 N F = 110.4 N
PROBLEM 7.9 CONTINUED

3 
Σ M J = 0 : M + ( 0.32 m )  (175 N ) 
5 

4 
+ ( 0.16 − 0.04 ) m   (175 N )  = 0
 5 

M = 50.4 N ⋅ m
 PROBLEM 7.10

For the bow of Prob. 7.9, determine the magnitude and location of
the maximum (a) axial force, (b) shearing force, (c) bending moment.

SOLUTION

By symmetry T1 = T2 = T

FBD Point A: 3

ΣFx = 0: 2T1   − 210 N = 0 T1 = 175 N
5

4
ΣFy = 0: FC − (175 N ) = 0 FC = 140 N
5

3
FBD BC: ΣFx = 0: (175 N ) − VC = 0 VC = 105 N
5

3  4 
ΣM C = 0: M C − ( 0.64 m )  (175 N )  − ( 0.16 m )  (175 N )  = 0
5  5 

M C = 89.6 N ⋅ m

Also: if y = ax 2 and, at B, y = 0.16 m, x = 0.64 m

0.16 m 1
Then a= = ;
( 0.64 m ) 2
2.56 m
FBD CK:
dy
And θ = tan −1 = tan −1 2ax
dx

ΣFx′ = 0: (140 N ) cos θ − (105 N ) sin θ + F = 0

So F = (105 N ) sin θ − (140 N ) cos θ

dF
= (105 N ) cos θ + (140 N ) sin θ
dθ

ΣFy′ = 0: V − (105 N ) cos θ − (140 N ) sin θ = 0

So V = (105 N ) cos θ + (140 N ) sin θ

PROBLEM 7.10 CONTINUED

dV
And = − (105 N ) sin θ + (140 N ) cos θ
dθ

ΣM K = 0: M + x (105 N ) + y (140 N ) − 89.6 N ⋅ m = 0

M = − (105 N ) x −
(140 N ) x 2 + 89.6 N ⋅ m
( 2.56 m )
dM
= − (105 N ) − (109.4 N/m ) x + 89.6 N ⋅ m
dx

Since none of the functions, F, V, or M has a vanishing derivative in

the valid range of 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.64 m ( 0 ≤ θ ≤ 26.6° ) , the maxima are at
the limits ( x = 0, or x = 0.64 m ) .

Therefore, (a) Fmax = 140.0 N at C

(b) Vmax = 156.5 N at B

(c) M max = 89.6 N ⋅ m at C

 PROBLEM 7.11

A semicircular rod is loaded as shown. Determine the internal forces at

point J knowing that θ = 30o.

SOLUTION
4  3 
FBD AB: ΣM A = 0: r  C  + r  C  − 2r ( 70 lb ) = 0
5  5 

C = 100 lb

4
ΣFx = 0: − Ax + (100 lb ) = 0
5

A x = 80 lb

3
ΣFy = 0: Ay + (100 lb ) − 70 lb = 0
5

A y = 10 lb

FBD AJ: ΣFx′ = 0: F − ( 80 lb ) sin 30° − (10 lb ) cos 30° = 0

F = 48.66 lb

F = 48.7 lb 60°

ΣFy′ = 0: V − ( 80 lb ) cos 30° + (10 lb ) sin 30° = 0

V = 64.28 lb

V = 64.3 lb 30°

ΣM 0 = 0: ( 8 in.)( 48.66 lb ) − ( 8 in.)(10 lb ) − M = 0

M = 309.28 lb ⋅ in.

M = 309 lb ⋅ in.
 PROBLEM 7.12

A semicircular rod is loaded as shown. Determine the magnitude and

location of the maximum bending moment in the rod.

SOLUTION
4  3 
FBD AB: ΣM A = 0: r  C  + r  C  − 2r ( 70 lb ) = 0
5  5 
C = 100 lb
4
ΣFx = 0: − Ax + (100 lb ) = 0
5
A x = 80 lb

3
ΣFy = 0: Ay + (100 lb ) − 70 lb = 0
5
A y = 10 lb

FBD AJ: ΣM J = 0: M − ( 8 in.)(1 − cosθ )(10 lb ) − ( 8 in.)( sin θ )( 80 lb ) = 0

M = ( 640 lb ⋅ in.) sin θ + ( 80 lb ⋅ in.) ( cos θ − 1)

dM
= ( 640 lb ⋅ in.) cos θ − ( 80 lb ⋅ in.) sin θ = 0
dθ
for θ = tan −1 8 = 82.87° ,
d 2M
where = − ( 640 lb ⋅ in.) sin θ − ( 80 lb ⋅ in.) cos θ < 0
dθ 2
So M = 565 lb ⋅ in. at θ = 82.9° is a max for AC

FBD BK:
ΣM K = 0: M − ( 8 in.)(1 − cos β )( 70 lb ) = 0

M = ( 560 lb ⋅ in.)(1 − cos β )

dM
= ( 560 lb ⋅ in.) sin β = 0 for β = 0, where M = 0
dβ

π
So, for β = , M = 560 lb ⋅ in. is max for BC
2
∴ M max = 565 lb ⋅ in. at θ = 82.9°
 PROBLEM 7.13

Two members, each consisting of straight and 168-mm-radius quarter-

circle portions, are connected as shown and support a 480-N load at D.
Determine the internal forces at point J.

SOLUTION
 24 
FBD Frame: ΣM A = 0: ( 0.336 m )  C  − ( 0.252 m )( 480 N ) = 0
 25 
C = 375 N
24 24
ΣFy = 0: Ax − C =0 Ax = ( 375 N ) = 360 N
25 25
A x = 360 N

7
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 480 N + ( 375 N ) = 0
24

FBD CD: A y = 375 N

ΣM C = 0: ( 0.324 m )( 480 N ) − ( 0.27 m ) B = 0

B = 576 N
24
ΣFx = 0: C x − ( 375 N ) = 0
25
C x = 360 N

7
ΣFy = 0: −480 N + ( 375 N ) + ( 576 N ) − C y = 0
25
C y = 201 N
FBD CJ:

ΣFx′ = 0: V − ( 360 N ) cos 30° − ( 201 N ) sin 30° = 0

V = 412 N
ΣFy′ = 0: F + ( 360 N ) sin 30° − ( 201 N ) cos 30° = 0

F = −5.93 N F = 5.93 N
ΣM 0 = 0: ( 0.168 m )( 201 N + 5.93 N ) − M = 0

M = 34.76 N ⋅ m M = 34.8 N ⋅ m
 PROBLEM 7.14

Two members, each consisting of straight and 168-mm-radius quarter-

circle portions, are connected as shown and support a 480-N load at D.
Determine the internal forces at point K.

SOLUTION

FBD CD:
ΣFx = 0: C x = 0

ΣM B = 0: ( 0.054 m )( 480 N ) − ( 0.27 m ) C y = 0

C y = 96 N

ΣFy = 0: B − C y = 0 B = 96 N

FBD CK:
ΣFy′ = 0: V − ( 96 N ) cos 30° = 0

V = 83.1 N
ΣFx′ = 0: F − ( 96 N ) sin 30° = 0

F = 48.0 N
ΣM K = 0: M − ( 0.186 m )( 96 N ) = 0

M = 17.86 N ⋅ m
 PROBLEM 7.15

Knowing that the radius of each pulley is 7.2 in. and neglecting friction,
determine the internal forces at point J of the frame shown.

SOLUTION

FBD Frame: Note: Tension T in cord is 90 lb at any cut. All radii = 0.6 ft
ΣM A = 0: ( 5.4 ft ) Bx − ( 7.8 ft )( 90 lb ) − ( 0.6 ft )( 90 lb ) = 0

B x = 140 lb

ΣM E = 0: ( 5.4 ft )(140 lb ) − ( 7.2 ft ) By

+ ( 4.8 ft ) 90 lb − ( 0.6 ft ) 90 lb = 0

FBD BCE with pulleys and B y = 157.5 lb

cord:
ΣFx = 0: Ex − 140 lb = 0 E x = 140 lb

ΣFy = 0: 157.5 lb − 90 lb − 90 lb + E y = 0

E y = 22.5 lb

3 4
FBD EJ: ΣFx′ = 0: −V + (140 lb ) + ( 22.5 lb − 90 lb ) = 0
5 5
V = 30 lb V = 30.0 lb
4 3
ΣFy′ = 0: F + 90 lb − (140 lb ) − ( 90 lb − 22.5 lb ) = 0
5 5
F = 62.5lb F = 62.5 lb
ΣM J = 0: M + (1.8 ft )(140 lb ) + ( 0.6 ft )( 90 lb )

+ ( 2.4 ft )( 22.5 lb ) − ( 3.0 ft )( 90 lb ) = 0

M = − 90 lb ⋅ ft M = 90.0 lb ⋅ ft
 PROBLEM 7.16

Knowing that the radius of each pulley is 7.2 in. and neglecting
friction, determine the internal forces at point K of the frame shown.

SOLUTION

FBD Whole:

Note: T = 90 lb

ΣM B = 0: ( 5.4 ft ) Ax − ( 6 ft )( 90 lb ) − ( 7.8 ft )( 90 lb ) = 0

A x = 2.30 lb

FBD AE: Note: Cord tensions moved to point D as per Problem 6.91

ΣFx = 0: 230 lb − 90 lb − Ex = 0

E x = 140 lb

ΣM A = 0: (1.8 ft )( 90 lb ) − ( 7.2 ft ) E y = 0

E y = 22.5 lb

FBD KE:
ΣFx = 0: F − 140 lb = 0

F = 140.0 lb

ΣFy = 0: V − 22.5 lb = 0

V = 22.5 lb

ΣM K = 0: M − ( 2.4 ft )( 22.5 lb ) = 0

M = 54.0 lb ⋅ ft
 PROBLEM 7.17

Knowing that the radius of each pulley is 7.2 in. and neglecting friction,
determine the internal forces at point J of the frame shown.

SOLUTION

FBD Whole:

ΣM A = 0: ( 5.4 ft ) Bx − ( 7.8 ft )( 90 lb ) = 0

B x = 130 lb

FBD BE with pulleys and cord:

ΣM E = 0: ( 5.4 ft )(130 lb ) − ( 7.2 ft ) By

+ ( 4.8 ft )( 90 lb ) − ( 0.6 ft )( 90 lb ) = 0
B y = 150 lb

ΣFx = 0: Ex − 130 lb = 0

E x = 130 lb

ΣFy = 0: E y + 150 lb − 90 lb − 90 lb = 0

E y = 30 lb
FBD JE and pulley:
4 3
ΣFx′ = 0: − F − 90 lb + (130 lb ) + ( 90 lb − 30 lb ) = 0
5 5
F = 50.0 lb
3 4
ΣFy′ = 0: V + (130 lb ) + ( 30 lb − 90 lb ) = 0
5 5
V = −30 lb V = 30.0 lb
ΣM J = 0: − M + (1.8 ft )(130 lb ) + ( 2.4 ft )( 30 lb ) + ( 0.6 ft )( 90 lb )

− ( 3.0 ft )( 90 lb ) = 0

M = 90.0 lb ⋅ ft
 PROBLEM 7.18

Knowing that the radius of each pulley is 7.2 in. and neglecting
friction, determine the internal forces at point K of the frame shown.

SOLUTION

FBD Whole:

ΣM B = 0: ( 5.4 ft ) Ax − ( 7.8 ft )( 90 lb ) = 0

A x = 130 lb

FBD AE:
ΣM E = 0: − ( 7.2 ft ) Ay − ( 4.8 ft )( 90 lb ) = 0

Ay = −60 lb A y = 60 lb

ΣFx = 0: F=0
FBD AK:
ΣFy = 0: −60 lb + 90 lb − V = 0

V = 30.0 lb

ΣM K = 0: ( 4.8 ft )( 60 lb ) − ( 2.4 ft )( 90 lb ) − M = 0

M = 72.0 lb ⋅ ft
 PROBLEM 7.19

A 140-mm-diameter pipe is supported every 3 m by a small frame

consisting of two members as shown. Knowing that the combined
mass per unit length of the pipe and its contents is 28 kg/m and
neglecting the effect of friction, determine the internal forces at
point J.

SOLUTION

FBD Whole:

( )
W = ( 3 m )( 28 kg/m ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 824.04 N

ΣM A = ( 0.6 m ) Cx − ( 0.315 m )( 824.04 N ) = 0

C x = 432.62 N

FBD pipe:
By symmetry: N1 = N 2
21
ΣFy = 0: 2 N1 − W = 0
29
29
N1 = (824.04 N )
42
= 568.98 N
 20 
Also note: a = r tan θ = 70 mm  
 21 
a = 66.67 mm
FBD BC:

ΣM B = 0: ( 0.3 m )( 432.62 N ) − ( 0.315 m ) C y

+ ( 0.06667 m )( 568.98 N ) = 0

C y = 532.42 N
 PROBLEM 7.19 CONTINUED

FBD CJ: 21 20
ΣFx′ = 0: F − ( 432.62 N ) − ( 532.42 N ) = 0
29 29
F = 680 N
21 20
ΣFy′ = 0: ( 532.42 N ) − ( 432.62 N ) − V = 0
29 29
V = 87.2 N
ΣM J = 0: ( 0.15 m )( 432.62 N ) − ( 0.1575 m )( 532.42 N ) + M = 0

M = 18.96 N ⋅ m
 PROBLEM 7.20

A 140-mm-diameter pipe is supported every 3 m by a small frame

consisting of two members as shown. Knowing that the combined mass
per unit length of the pipe and its contents is 28 kg/m and neglecting the
effect of friction, determine the internal forces at point K.

SOLUTION

FBD Whole:

( )
W = ( 3 m )( 28 kg/m ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 824.04 N

ΣM C = 0: (.6 m ) Ax − (.315 m )( 824.04 N ) = 0

A x = 432.62 N

FBD pipe
By symmetry: N1 = N 2
21
ΣFy = 0: 2 N1 − W = 0
29
29
N2 = 824.04 N
42
= 568.98 N
20
Also note: a = r tan θ = ( 70 mm )
21
a = 66.67 mm
FBD AD:

ΣM B = 0: ( 0.3 m )( 432.62 N ) − ( 0.315 m ) Ay

− ( 0.06667 m )( 568.98 N ) = 0

A y = 291.6 N
 PROBLEM 7.20 CONTINUED

FBD AK: 21 20
ΣFx′ = 0: ( 432.62 N ) + ( 291.6 N ) − F = 0
29 29
F = 514 N
21 20
ΣFy′ = 0: ( 291.6 N ) − ( 432.62 N ) + V = 0
29 29
V = 87.2 N
ΣM K = 0: ( 0.15 m )( 432.62 N ) − ( 0.1575 m )( 291.6 N ) − M = 0

M = 18.97 N ⋅ m
 PROBLEM 7.21

A force P is applied to a bent rod which is supported by a roller and

a pin and bracket. For each of the three cases shown, determine the
internal forces at point J.

SOLUTION

(a) FBD Rod: ΣM D = 0: aP − 2aA = 0

P
A=
2
P
ΣFx = 0: V − =0
2
P
V =
2
ΣFy = 0: F=0
FBD AJ:

P
ΣM J = 0: M − a =0
2
aP
M =
2

a4 
(b) FBD Rod: ΣM D = 0: aP −  A = 0
25 

5P
A=
2
 PROBLEM 7.21 CONTINUED

3 5P
FBD AJ: ΣFx = 0: −V = 0
5 2

3P
V =
2
4 5P
ΣFy = 0: −F =0
5 2
F = 2P
3
M = aP
2

3  4 
(c) FBD Rod: ΣM D = 0: aP − 2a  A  − 2a  A  = 0
5  5 
5P
A=
14

 3 5P 
ΣFx = 0: V −  =0
 5 14 
3P
V =
14
4 5P
ΣFy = 0: −F =0
5 14
2P
F=
7
 3 5P 
ΣM J = 0: M − a  =0
 5 14 
3
M = aP
14
 PROBLEM 7.22

A force P is applied to a bent rod which is supported by a roller and

a pin and bracket. For each of the three cases shown, determine the
internal forces at point J.

SOLUTION

(a) FBD Rod: ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0

P
ΣM D = 0: aP − 2aAy = 0 Ay =
2

FBD AJ: ΣFx = 0: V = 0

P
ΣFy = 0: −F =0
2
P
F=
2
ΣM J = 0: M = 0

(b) FBD Rod:

ΣM A = 0

4  3  5P
2a  D  + 2a  D  − aP = 0 D=
5  5  14

4 5 2P
ΣFx = 0: Ax − P=0 Ax =
5 14 7
3 5 11P
ΣFy = 0: Ay − P + P=0 Ay =
5 14 14
 PROBLEM 7.22 CONTINUED

FBD AJ: 2
ΣFx = 0: P −V = 0
7
2P
V =
7
11P
ΣFy = 0: −F =0
14
11P
F=
14
2P
ΣM J = 0: a −M =0
7
2
M = aP
7

(c) FBD Rod: a  4D  5P

ΣM A = 0:   − aP = 0 D=
2 5  2

4 5P
ΣFx = 0: Ax − =0 Ax = 2P
5 2
3 5P 5P
ΣFy = 0: Ay − P − =0 Ay =
5 2 2

FBD AJ: ΣFx = 0: 2 P − V = 0

V = 2P
5P
ΣFy = 0: −F =0
2
5P
F=
2
ΣM J = 0: a ( 2 P ) − M = 0

M = 2aP
 PROBLEM 7.23

A rod of weight W and uniform cross section is bent into the circular
arc of radius r shown. Determine the bending moment at point J
when θ = 30°.

SOLUTION

180° − 60° π
FBD CJ: Note α = = 60° =
2 3

r 3r 3 3 3
r = sin α = = r
α π 2 2π

120 4
Weight of section = W = W
270 9

4 2 3
ΣFy′ = 0: F − W cos 30° = 0 F = W
9 9
4W
ΣM 0 = 0: rF − ( r sin 60° ) −M =0
9
2 3 3 3 3 4 2 3 1 
M = r − W =  −  Wr
 9 2π 2 9   9 π 

M = 0.0666Wr