1) Basic Information

Pile No = P2 L1
Name of the Structure = Viaduct
Covering Chainage = 73+940 ~ 74+265

Location = 74+001.684

Coordinates N = 550572.235

E = 455,249.851

Type of Structure (Pier / Abutment) = Pier

Reference Bore Hole No = BH 73+970

Diameter of Pile = 1.8 m

Actual Pile Length = 10.354 m
Required Pile Capacity = 6602 KN
Existing Ground Level = 129.580 m MSL
Tie Beam Top Level = 128.573 m MSL
Pile Cut off Level = 127.073 m MSL
Design Toe Level = 116.719 m MSL
Elastic Modulus of concrete = 30 X 103 Mpa

Sub surface Profile (Geotechnical Profile)

Existing Ground Level at Bore Hole Location = 129.580 m MSL

Ground Water Table Level = 128.380 m MSL

Depth Thicknes Classifica

Layer No Layer Description Avg SPT
From To s (m) tion

1 129.580 126.980 2.600 Stiff Clay 9 CL

2 126.980 124.680 2.300 Silty Sand 9 SC
3 124.680 122.280 2.400 Dense Sand 50 CWR
4 122.280 111.580 10.700 WR / SW Rock SWR

Hydrological Information

Original Ground Level = 129.580 m MSL

Depth of Scouring = 0.288 m
Scoured Elevation / Modified Ground Level = 129.292 m MSL
Length from Capping Beam Top to
Scoured Elevation (Effective Scoured = 0.719 m
Scoured Elevation (Effective Scoured = 0.719 m
Length)

Design Data (Based on Actual Pile Boring)

Depth Thicknes Avg SPT CR % RQD % Remark

Layer No Layer Description UCS
From To s (m) s

1 127.073 126.980 0.093 Stiff Clay 9 CL

2 126.980 124.680 2.300 Silty Sand 9 SC
3 124.680 119.280 5.400 Dense Sand 50 CWR
Sample
4 119.280 118.619 0.661 Weathered Rock 75 37 SWR Inspecti
Sample
5 118.619 116.719 1.900 Silghtly Weathered Rock 96 85 SWR Inspecti

2) Axial Capacity Calculation

P End End
Avg SPT Mass Effect of
Layer No Depth Soil Type α Factor β Factor UCS fu (Kpa) Fu (KN) Allow Bearing
"N" Factor J Bentonite
(Kpa) (KN)

1 0.093 CL 9 No Neglected
2 2.300 SC 9 No 11.7 152.2
3 5.400 CWR 50 No 65 1984.9
4 0.661 MWR NA 0.2 0.12 0.65 Yes 7.74 150.93 564.2
5 1.900 MSWR NA 0.7 0.06 0.9 Yes 32.56 400 4297.7 4000 10178.8

Total Resistance 6998.9 10178.8

Allowable Carrying Capacity

P allowable = q allow + F ult / FOS

Allowable End Bearing Capacityq allow = 10178.8 KN

Ultimate Skin Friction F ult = 6998.9 KN

P allowabe can be taken lesser of

 (i) P allowa = 12978.3 KN Fb = Fs = 2.5
(ii) P allowa = 13678.2 KN Fb =3.0, Fs = 2.0

Geotechnical Capacity = 12978.3 KN

Calculation of Pile Weight

Unit Weight of Pile Material = 23 KN/m3

Length of Pile = 10.354 m
Weight of Pile Wp = 606.0 KN

Supper Structure Load Acting on Pile = 6602 KN

Weight of Pile = 606.0 KN
Total Axial Load Acting on Pile = 7208.0 KN

Hence Pile Capacity is = Satisfactory

3) Settlement Calculation

Depth Thicknes Poission Es X 103

Layer No Layer Description Avg SPT Remarks
From To s (m) Ratio Mpa

1 127.073 126.980 0.093 Stiff Clay 9 0.4 4.5 Bowles

2 126.980 124.680 2.300 Silty Sand 9 0.3 4.8 Bowles
3 124.680 119.280 5.400 Dense Sand 50 0.35 67.2 Bowles
4 119.280 118.619 0.661 Weathered Rock 0.26 30 Bowles Page 278
5 118.619 116.719 1.900 Silghtly Weathered Rock 0.25 40 Bowles Page 279

Weighted Average 0.32 45.41

ρ= Settlement
P= Applied Axoal Load
Es = Elastic Modulus of Bearing Stratum
I = I0 Rk Rv Rb
I0 = Settlement Influence Factor
Rk = Modification Factor for Compressibility
Rv = Modification Factor for Possion Ratio
Rb = Modification Factor for Bearing Stratum
K= Relative stiffness Factor
L= Pile Length
ѵ= Poissions Ratio
d= Pile Diameter
Ep = Elastic Modulus of Pile Material

Calculation of Settlement

Es X 103 Ep X 103
P (KN) d (m) K L L/d I0 Rk Rv Rb I ρ (m)
Mpa Mpa

6602 1.8 40 30 0.75 10.354 5.8 0.2 1 1 1 0.2 0.018

4) Lateral capacity Calculation

Depth Thicknes Classifica

Layer No Layer Description Avg SPT
From To s (m) tion

1 129.580 126.980 2.600 Stiff Clay 9 CL

2 126.980 124.680 2.300 Silty Sand 9 SC
3 124.680 119.280 5.400 Dense Sand 50 CWR
4 119.280 118.619 0.661 Weathered Rock NA WR
5 118.619 116.719 1.900 Silghtly Weathered Rock NA SWR

Dtermination of Modulus of Subgrade Variation with Spring Constant

nh K
SPT Elevatio
(MN/m3 (MN/m3
N70' n
) )
12 129.292 3.2 8.4
9 127.792 2.8 13.2
50 126.292 7.1 53.6
50 124.792 7.1 68.2
50 123.292 7.1 75.8
46 121.792 6.9 83.7
44 120.292 6.8 96.6
42 118.792 6.6 96.4
 117.292 Infinity Infinity
116.719 Infinity Infinity

Analysis of Pile Beaviour

Modulus of Elasticity of Pile Material = 30000 Mpa

Moment of Inertia of the Pile (πd4/64) = 0.515 m4
Average Modulus of Subgrade Variation of Soil nh = 5.95 MN/m3
(1/5)
Stiffness Factor (for NC Clay and Granular Soil) T = 4.82 m T = (EI/nh)
Length of Pile (Effective) L = 10.354 m
Ratio (L / T) = 2.15
Pile Behaviour = Semi
Point of Structural Fixity Zf (Long Pile) = 8.67 m

Check as Long Pile

Height of Column = 8.507 m

Scouring Depth = 0.288 m
Height of column + Depth of Scouring = 8.795 m
Depth of Vertual Fixity (for Long Pile) Zf = 8.67 m

Maximum Applied Ultimate Load Pu = 9548.0 KN (from Structural Report)

Maximum Applied Ultimate Moment Mu = 11022.0 KNm (from Structural Report)

Ultimate Lateral Force Hu Hu = Mu/(z+e) = 631.0 KN

Allowable Lateral Capacity

Allowable Lateral capacity Hu/ FOS = 420.6 KN

(Fator of safety, FOS = 1.5)

Maximum Lateral Force Applied = 78.0 KN (from Structural Report)

Since "Applied Lateral Force" < "Lateral Capacity" = Satisfactory

Fator of Safety Maintained = 5.39

Lateral Analysis for Short Pile

Long Term Behaviour of the Pile (Drained Analysis)

C' Kc + M
Elevation Z Z/D C' φ' Kc C'Kc бv0 Kq бv0 Kq Analysis
бv0 Kq Z = 10.8

128.573 0 0.0 5 24 6.2 31 11.5 2.4 27.6 58.6 Drained 0

127.073 1.5 0.8 5 24 12.2 61 35.5 2.8 99.4 160.4 Drained 1100.6
125.573 3 1.7 0 28 20 0 63.2 6.2 392.0 392.0 Drained 2361.5
124.073 4.5 2.5 0 38 48.5 0 93.9 14.6 1371.6 1371.6 Drained 6216.5
122.573 6 3.3 0 38 58 0 120.9 16.4 1983.4 1983.4 Drained 9310.1
121.073 7.5 4.2 0 38 76 0 147.9 19.2 2840.5 2840.5 Drained 9768.5
119.573 9 5.0 0 38 85 0 174.9 19.8 3463.9 3463.9 Drained 8038.0
118.073 10.5 5.8 500 40 98 49000 246.8 24 5923.6 54923.6 Drained 30653.4
116.719 11.854 6.6 500 40 120 60000 276.6 39.6 10953.6 70953.6 Drained 27911.4
Ultimate Moment of the Pile 95360.0
Assumptions
for long term stability analysis drain analysis were considered
conservatively cohesion of the rock was assumed as C' = 500 Kpa

If Z = 10.7 m Z = 10.7 M (z =10.7) < 0

If Z = 10.9 m Z = 10.9 M (z =10.7) > 0

Therefore the Depth of Rotataion shall be in between of 10.7 & 10.9 m

Hence Depth of Rotation shall be taken as Z= 10.8 m

Ultimate Moment of the Pile Mz = 95360.0 KNm

Equivalent Ultimate Lateral force Hu = Mu/(e+z) Hu = 4866.55 KN Per 1 m width of pile
Hu = 8759.78 KN Per 1.8 m width of pile

Allowable Lateral Capacity of the Pile H = Hu/FOS

Lateral Capacity H= 5839.9 KN
(Factor of Safety, FOS = 1.5)

Applied Lateral Load of the Pule Ha = 78.0 KN

Since Applied Lateral Load < Lateral Capacity, Pile is Satisfactory