Fluid Mechanics (CLB 11003)

Chapter 1: Introduction to Fluid Systems

TUTORIAL 1

1) Define fluid.
Substance:
 In the liquid or gas phase.
 That tends to flow and to conform to the outline of its container
 Which deforms continuously under the action of shearing forces.

2) Distinguish between fluids and solid?

Fluid Solid

Stress is proportional to strain,

Stress (s) is proportional to rate of
providing that the elastic limit is not
strain.
exceeded.

Deforms continuously under action Can resist applied shear stress (t)
of shearing forces. by deforming.

3) Differentiate between liquid and gas.

Liquid Gas

Easy to compress - Changes of gas

Almost incompressible. pressure and volume accompanied by
a change in temperature

Given mass of liquid occupies a Given mass of gas has no fixed

fixed volume, irrespective of the volume; it changes volume to expand
size or shape of its container. to fill the containing vessel.

Free surface is formed if the

Gas will completely fill the vessel, so
volume of the container is greater
no free surface is formed.
than that of the liquid.

4) Classify and define 2 types of fluids. Give an example for each classification.
Newtonian Fluid – all fluids in which shear stress is directly proportional to the
deformation rate (obey Newton's law of viscosity)
Example: Water, air and gasoline.
Non Newtonian Fluid – All fluids in which shear stress is indirectly proportional
to deformation rate.
Example: Toothpaste and paint.

NAN 08