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Geotextiles Are Permeable Fabrics Which
Geotextiles Are Permeable Fabrics Which
separate, filter, reinforce, protect, or drain. Typically made from polypropylene or polyester,
geotextile fabrics come in three basic forms: woven (looks like mail bag sacking), needle
punched (looks like felt), or heat bonded (looks like ironed felt).
Geotextile composites have been introduced and products such as geogrids and meshes have
been developed. Overall, these materials are referred to as geosynthetics and each
configuration—-geonets, geogrids and others—-can yield benefits in geotechnical and
environmental engineering design.
Contents
1 History
2 Applications
3 Design considerations
4 See also
5 References
6 External links
History
Geotextiles were originally intended to be an alternative to granular soil filters. Thus the original,
and still sometimes used, term for geotextiles is filter fabrics. Work originally began in the 1950s
with R.J. Barrett using geotextiles behind precast concrete seawalls, under precast concrete
erosion control blocks, beneath large stone riprap, and in other erosion control situations.[1] He
used different styles of woven monofilamentt fabrics, all characterized by a relatively high
percentage open area (varying from 6 to 30%). He discussed the need for both adequate
permeability and soil retention, along with adequate fabric strength and proper elongation and set
the tone for geotextile use in filtration situations.
Applications
Erosion control manuals comment on the effectiveness of sloped, stepped shapes in mitigating
shoreline erosion damage from storms. Geotextile sand-filled units provide a "soft" armoring
solution for upland property protection. Geotextiles are used as matting to stabilize flow in
stream channels and swales.[2][3]
Geotextiles can improve soil strength at a lower cost than conventional soil nailing.[citation needed] In
addition, geotextiles allow planting on steep slopes, further securing the slope.
Geotextiles have been used to protect the fossil hominid footprints of Laetoli in Tanzania from
erosion, rain, and tree roots.[4]
In building demolition, geotextile fabrics in combination with steel wire fencing can contain
explosive debris.[5]
Coir (coconut fiber) geotextiles are a popular solution for erosion control, slope stabilization and
bioengineering, due to the fabric's substantial mechanical strength.[2]:App. I.E Coir geotextiles last
approximately 3 to 5 years depending on the fabric weight. The product degrades into humus,
enriching the soil.[6]
Design considerations
To use geotextiles to reinforce a steep slope, two components have to be calculated:
See also
Hard landscape materials
Sediment control
References
1. ^ Barrett, R. J., "Use of Plastic Filters in Coastal Structures," Proceedings from the 16th
International Conference Coastal Engineers, Tokyo, September 1966, pp. 1048-1067
2. ^ a b Dane County Erosion Control and Stormwater Management Manual (Report).
Madison, WI. 2007. Retrieved 2010-02-09.
3. ^ Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection (2003). Massachusetts Erosion
and Sediment Control Guidelines for Urban and Suburban Areas (Report). Boston, MA.
pp. 73-74.
4. ^ Renfrew, Colin and Paul Bahn, Archaeology. 4th ed. New York: Thames 2004. ISBN
978-0-500-28441-4.[page needed]
5. ^ WGBH Boston (1996-12). "Interview with Stacey Loizeaux". NOVA Online. Public
Broadcasting Service. Retrieved 2009-04-29. "Other preparatory operations involve
covering/wrapping the columns first with chain link fences and then with geotextile
fabric, which is very puncture resistant and has a very high tensile strength. It allows the
concrete to move, but it keeps the concrete from flying. The chain link catches the bigger
material and the fabric catches the smaller material from flying up and out."
6. ^ Richards, Davi (2006-06-02). "Coir is sustainable alternative to peat moss in the
garden". Garden Hints. Corvallis, OR: Oregon State University Extension Service.
Retrieved 2013-03-06.
External links
Alberta Government site on Geotechnical and Erosion Control[dead link]
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v
t
e
Hydraulic conductivity
Soil properties Water content
Void ratio
Bulk density
Thixotropy
Reynolds' dilatancy
Angle of repose
Cohesion
Porosity
Permeability
Specific storage
Effective stress
Pore water pressure
Shear strength
Overburden pressure
Consolidation
Soil mechanics
Soil compaction
Soil classification
Shear wave
Lateral earth pressure
Atterberg limits
California bearing ratio
Direct shear test
Hydrometer
Proctor compaction test
Laboratory
R-value
tests
Sieve analysis
Triaxial shear test
Hydraulic conductivity tests
Water content tests
Bearing capacity
Shallow foundation
Foundations Deep foundation
Dynamic load testing
Pile integrity test
Wave equation analysis
Statnamic load test
Mass wasting
Landslide
Slope stability
Slope stability analysis
Soil liquefaction
Response spectrum
Earthquakes Seismic hazard
Ground-structure interaction
Geotextile
Geomembranes
Geosynthetics Geosynthetic clay liner
Cellular confinement