cfk|jf;L ;dfof]hg ;Dd]ng
@)!% hgj/L
jif{ % c+s ^&
o; c+sdf s] s] <
(What is inside ?)
à cfk|jf;L ;Dd]ng======================!
(Immigrant Conference)
à Hofnfdf j[l4=============================#
(Rise in the minimum wage)
à gful/s k|Zg–pQ/ *&=============$
(Civic Test - Q/A no. 87)
à rNtLsf c+u|]hL zAb #%=========$
(Most common Eng. words 35)
cd]l/sf a'‰g]b]lv k|ult ug]{;Dd
Soflnkmf]lg{ofsf] n; PGhn;df ;g\ @)!$ l8;]Da/ !$–!^ df ePsf] /fli6«o cfk|jf;L ;dfof]hg ;Dd]ng .
cd]l/sfdf jif]{lg s]xL nfv
dflg; ;w}+ oxL a:g] u/L
cfpF5g\ . oL gofF dflg;nfO{
cfk|jf;L÷Oldu|]G6 (Immi-
grant) elgG5 . To;}u/L
cd]l/sfnfO{ cfk|jf;Lx?sf]
d'n's elgG5 . oxfF gofF
cfk|jf;L / k"/fgf cfk|jf;L
5g\ . gofF cfpg]n] oxfF
hLjgofkg ug{ w]/}
d]x]gt ug'{k5{ . olx
d]x]gtsf ljleGg ljifodf
5nkmn ug{ ;g\ @))* kl5
jif]{lg /fli6«o cfk|jf;L
;dfof]hg ;Dd]ng (National
Immigrant Integration Confer-
ence) x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . kl5Nnf]
;Dd]ng ;g\ @)!$ l8;]Da/
!$–!^ df Soflnkmf]lg{ofsf]
n; PGhn;df ePsf] lyof] .
;Dd]ngsf] cfof]hgf g];gn
kf6{g/lzk km/ Go' cd]l/sG;
(National Partnership for New
Americans) / sf]cln;g km/
Xo'dg Oldu|]G6 /fO6\; ckm
ΩΩ
;g\ @))* b]lv jif]{lg
cfk|jf;L ;dfof]hg ;Dd]ng
x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 .
ΩΩ
tl:a/M sdn a:g]t
n; PGhn; (Coalition for
Humane Immigrant Rights
of Los Angeles; CHIRLA)
n] u/]sf lyP . k|fof]hg ug]{
;+:yfx? w]/} lyP .
l8;]Da/ ;Dd]ngdf ^ hgf
g]kfnL–efifL e"6fgL / Ps
hgf g]kfnLsf] ;xeflutf
/Xof] .
;Dd]ng ;qx¿
;Dd]ngdf cfk|jf;Ln]
ljleGg If]qdf v]n]sf] e"ldsf
pbfx/0f;lxt k|:t't ul/P .
…;Dd]ngdf ljleGg ;qx?
afFsL k[i7 @ df

lyP . lzIff, sfg'g, bIf
hgzlQm ljsf;, gful/stf
k|lqmof, cfly{s ;‌‌+j[l4, kfsf
pd]/sf JolQmsf ljifo, cf]afdf
s]o/ cflb ljifodf 5nkmn
eP,Ú Go' XofD;/sf elu/y
vltj8f eGg'x'G5, …;Dd]ngsf]
d"n p2]Zo cfk|jf;Lx?n] Ps–
cfk;df ;xof]u ug{ ;lsG5
eGg] xf] .Ú
…of] ;Dd]ngsf] ;do / :yfg
to ePsf] eof] . t/ o;}aLrdf
sfuhljlxg cfk|jf;Lx?nfO{
a;f]af;sf] aGbf]a:t
ug]{ /fi6«klt cf]afdfsf]
3f]if0ffn] ;Dd]ngdf cln k|efj
kf¥of] . pgLx?sf] ;'/Iff s;/L
ug]{, lkmtf{ x'gaf6 s;/L
arfpg] h:tf ljifox? p7],Ú
pxfF eGg'x'G5 .
…gofF cfpg]nfO{ k'/fgfn]
d2t ug]{ xf] eg] ;dfof]hg
;lhnf] x'G5 eGg] k'li6
u/fPsf pbfx/0f klg lbOPÚ,
lkmnf8]lNkmofsf lnnf
s'OFs]nn] eGg'x'G5, …d
cy{zf:qsf] ljBfyL{ ePsfn]
ToxL ;qdf a;] . o;} qmddf
Ps jStfn] Go'of]s{ /f]r]:6/sf]
8]/L kmfd{df e"6fgLx? /fd|/L
sfd u/]sf] pbfx/0f k|:t't
ug'{eof] .Ú
…lzIffsf] s'/f ubf{
cd]l/sL ;kgf -cd]l/sg l8«d_
k"/f ug]{ sfd lzIffaf6 dfq
;Dej 5 eGg] a'em]s} s'/f
xf] . t/ o;sf nflu w]/}
;|f]tx? ePsf] a'em\g kfOof],Ú
@
@)!% hgj/L, jif{ % c+s ^&
cfk|jf;L ;dfof]hg ;Dd]ngx¿
;Dd]ng============ jif{ ======================================== :yfg -zx/, /fHo_
klxnf] ============ ;g\ @))*=============================== l;sfuf], Olngf]o
bf];|f] ============== ;g\ @))(=============================== 8]ge/, sf]nf]/f8f]
t];|f] =============== ;g\ @)!)======================= af]:6g, Dof;fRo';]6\;
rf}yf] ============== ;g\ @)!!=========================== l;of6n, jfl;+u6g
kfFrf}+ ============== ;g\ @)!@========================= aflN6df]/, d]/LNof08
5}6f}+ =============== ;g\ @)!#======================== ;gL dfofdL, ˆnf]l/8f
;ftf}+ =============== ;g\ @)!$============== n; PGhn;, Soflnkmf]lg{of
ΩΩ …;dfof]hg x'g] k|lqmofdf
af]Nbf ;lx zAbx¿ xfd|f] Jojxf/sf] 7"nf] e"ldsf
k|of]u u/] dfq klg ;dfhdf x'g] yfxf kfOof] . ;fgf]eGbf
3'nldn ;lhnf] x'G5 . ;fgf] s'/f egf}+ g af]nLn] ;d]t
ΩΩ 7"nf] km/s kf5{ eGg] pbfx/0f
vltj8f eGg'x'G5, …d 8«o' j]:6g (Drew Westen)
lzIff;DaGwL ;qdf a;]sf] n] lbg'eof] . sfo{qmddf dnfO{
lyPF . 5fqj[lQx? k|z:t lgs} dgk/]sf] of] lyof],Ú
ePsf] yfxf kfOof] . To; s'OFs]n eGg'x'G5, …af]Ng]
cltl/St Nofl6gf]df tof/ s;/L < /fd|} s'/f k|;+u
kfl/Psf] gful/stfsf] ldnfP/ jf /fd|/L eGg ghfGbf
k/LIff tof/L;DaGwL PKk;\ ;'Gg]sf sfgdf ldn]/
(Apps) af/] hfgsf/L ldNof], k'Ub}g . o:tf ljifodf pxfFsf]
c+u|]hL jf cfˆgf] efiff dgf]j}1flgs JofVof lyof] . of]
ghfGg]sf nflu agfOPsf] xfd|f nflu klg pkof]uL b]v]+ .Ú
/x]5 . xfdLn] Tof] PKk;\ j]:6g cfkm}+ dgf]lj1fgsf
agfpg]af6 ;xof]u kfpg] If]qdf lrlgPsf] gfd xf] .
ePsf 5f}+ .Ú pxfFsf] j]:6g :6«f6]hLh (Wes- ;"rgf
…ljleGg /fHodf /fd|/L sfd ten Strategies) gfds ;+:yf cIfl/sfsf] k|sfzg ;+:yf
u/]sf cfk|jf;Lsf pbfx/0fx? cd]l/sfe/ rlr{t 5 . …cIfl/sfÚ n] k/b]z -vf;u/L
k|:t't ul/P,Ú csf{ ;xefuL …Pshgf s+uf]af6 cd]l/sf pQ/ cd]l/sf_ df a:g]
Go' XofD;/sf sdn a:g]t cfPsf cfk|jf;Ln] xlnp8 g]kfnL–efifL gfgLx¿sf nflu
eGg'x'G5, …d Joj;fosf] ;qdf u/]sf] k|ultsf] pbfx/0f kf7\oqmd agfpg] of]hgf
a;] . Joj;fo s;/L ug]{ < lbOPsf] lyof],Ú s'OFs]n agfPsf] 5 . o;sf nflu
o;df ;xfotf ug]{ ;/sf/L jf eGg'x'G5, …7"nf] ;d"xdf Ps} g]kfnL–efifL dftf–lktfdfem
u}/;/sf/L lgsfo s'g k6s k'Ug] ePsfn] rnlrqsf] s]xL k|Zgx¿ /fVg] ;f]r
x'g\ < o;df x'g;Sg] 5n– ;kmntf;Fu} xfd|f ljifo nfg agfPsf] 5 . To;}n] Pp6f
sk6, ;f];n ldl8ofsf] e"ldsf ;lsG5 eGg] 1fg ldNof] .Ú ;j]{If0f tof/ kfl/Psf] 5 . pSt
cflb 5nkmn eof] .Ú ;kmntfsf s'/f ubf{ n; ;j]{If0f lgDg lnª\sdf 5M
…of] cfk|jf;Ls} d'n's PGhn;df yfONofG8sf https://eSurv.
ePsfn] ;a} cfk|jf;L g} eof}+ . cfk|jf;L, ldl;ugdf sf]l/ofsf org/?ei&s=LJHDNN_
t/ k'/fgfx?nfO{ cfk|jf;L eGg cfk|jf;Lsf pbfx/0f lbOP . db6708e
5f8]/ gofFnfO{ dfq elglb+bf cfk|jf;Lsf u}/;/sf/L o;df lSns u/L k|Zgx¿sf]
pb]snfUbf] /x]5 eGg] k|;+u ;+:yfsf] ;kmntfn] ;+:yfdfkm{t hjfkm lbg'xf]nf . ;xof]usf
klg gp7]sf] xf]Og,Ú a:g]t ;xof]u ug]{nfO{ xf};nf ldn]sf] nflu wGojfb .
eGg'x'G5, …b]zsf] ljsf;df t ;xefuLn] atfP .
;a}sf] e"ldsf plQs} 5 . ;a} ;Dd]ngdf :k]lgz–efifLsf] 1fgHof]lt s]Gb|
;dfg 5f}+ . t/ lsg <Ú ;xeflutf a9L lyof] . Go' XofD;/
 #
@)!% hgj/L, jif{ % c+s ^&
ljleGg @! j6f /fHo
/ /fhwfgL jfl;+u6g l8;Ldf
gofF jif{;Fu} -Ps 3G6f sfd u/]
sf]_ Go'gtd kfl/>lds÷Hofnf
(Minimum wage) a9fOPsf]
5 . of] j[l4kl5 ca @( /fHo /
/fhwfgL jfl;+u6g l8;Ldf Ps
3G6f sfd ug]{n] Go'gtd Hofnf
-& 8n/ @% ;]G6_ eGbf a9L
kfpg yfn]sf 5g\ . -;Fu}sf] gy{ 8sf]6fsf] Nofª\8gsf] v]tL .
;"rL x]g'{xf];\ ._
sd / a9L Hofnf
b'O{ /fHoM hlh{of (Georgia), /
jfof]ldª\ (Wyoming) df ;+3Lo
Go'gtdeGbf sd Hofnf
kfOG5, hxfFsf] Go'gtd
Hofnf % 8n/ !% ;]G6;\
5.
;a}eGbf a9L Go'gtd
Hofnf /fhwfgL jfl;+u6g l8;L
-$ (=%)_ df 5 . To;f] t
sfdsf] cfwf/df Hofnf a9L
kfOG5 .
Hofnf gtf]lsPsf /fHo
kfFr /fHoM cnfafdf (Ala-
bama), n'Olhofgf (Louisiana),
ldl;l;kL (Mississippi), ;fpy
Sof/f]nfOgf (South Carolina) /
6]g];L (Tennessee) df Go'gtd
kfl/>lds tf]lsPsf] 5}g .
;+3Lo Hofnfa/fa/
;g\ @))( h'nfO{df nfu' ;+3Lo
Go'gtd Hofnf -$ &=@%_ oL !$
/fHoM cfof]jf (Iowa), cfO8fxf]
(Idaho), OlG8ofgf (Indiana),
sfG;f; (Kansas), s]G6sL
(Kentucky), gy{ Sof/f]nfOgf
(North Carolina), gy{ 8sf]6f
(North Dakota), Go' XofD;/
(New Hampshire), cf]Snfxfdf
(Oklahoma), k]G;ne]lgof
(Pennsylvania), 6]S;; (Tex-
as), o'6f (Utah), elh{lgof (Vir-
ginia), lj:sfG;g (Wisconsin)
a9]sf] 5}g .
21 /fHodf Hofnf j[l$
tl:a/M ob' cof{n
ca @( /fHo / /fhwfgL l8;Ldf Go'gtdeGbf
a9L Hofnf -;g\ @)!% hgj/L ! cg';f/_
/fHosf] gfd ============================================================== Go'gtd Hofnf
)!= cnf:sf (Alaska) ======================================================= $ &=&%
)@= cl/hf]gf (Arizona)...................................................... $ *=)%
)#= cs{G;f; (Arkansas) ................................................... $ &=%)
)$= Soflnkmf]lg{of (California)............................................. $ (=))
)%= sf]nf]/f8f] (Colorado).................................................... $ *=@#
)^= sg]l6s6 (Connecticut)............................................... $ (=!%
)&= 8]nfj/ (Delaware)........................................................ $ &=&%
)*= ˆnf]l/8f (Florida)......................................................... $ *=)%
)(= xjfO{ (Hawaii).............................................................. $ &=&%
!)= Olngf]o (Illinois)......................................................... $ *=@%
!!= d]g (Maine)................................................................. $ &=%)
!@= d]l/Nof08 (Maryland)................................................... $ *=))
!#= df;fr';]6\; (Massachusetts)......................................... $ (=))
!$= ldl;ug (Michigan)...................................................... $ *=!%
!%= ldg];f]6f (Minnesota)................................................... $ *=))
!^= ldh'/L (Missouri)......................................................... $ &=^%
!&= df]G6fgf (Montana)....................................................... $ *=)%
!*= g]a|f:sf (Nebraska)...................................................... $ *=))
!(= g]ef8f (Nevada)........................................................... $ *=@%
@)= Go' h;L{ (New Jersey).................................................. $ *=#*
@!= Go' d]lS;sf] (New Mexico)........................................... $ &=%)
@@= Go'of]s{ (New York)...................................................... $ *=&%
@#= cf]xfof] (Ohio).............................................................. $ *=!)
@$= cf]/]ug (Oregon).......................................................... $ (=@%
@%= /f]8 cfONof08 (Rhode Island).......................................$ (=))
@^= ;fpy 8sf]6f (South Dakota)....................................... $ *=%)
@&= ed{G6 (Vermont).......................................................... $ (=!%
@*= jfl;+u6g (Washington)................................................ $ (=$&
@(= j]:6 elh{lgof (Virginia)............................................. $ *=))
#)= jfl;+u6g l8;L (Washington DC)................................. $ (=%)
 $

@)!% hgj/L, jif{ % c+s ^&

cd]l/sg OlG8og hghfltsf gfd
gful/s k/LIff (Civic Test) a:b} cfPsf lyP . clxn]
sf] lstfasf] k|Zg gDa/ *& cd]l/sfdf sl/a % ;oeGbf
/ pQ/M a9L ;+3Lo ?kdf klxrfg
à ;+o'St /fHo cd]l/sfsf] kfPsf hghflt 5g\ .
cd]l/sg OlG8og Ps hghfltsf] tL hghfltsf cfˆgf
gfd eGg'xf];\ . -o'P;l;cfOP;sf ;fdflhs tyf /fhgLlts
clwsf/Lx¿n] /fHoåf/f klxrfg lyltx? 5g\ . cd]l/sg
ul/Psf hghfltsf] ;"rL pknAw OlG8ogsf ;+:s[ltx? Ps–
u/fpg' x'g]5 ._< (Name one csf{sf eGbf leGg 5g\ .
American Indian tribe in efiff, cf:yf, ufyf, ;+uLt,
the United States. [USCIS / vfgfx? km/s 5g\ .
Officers will be supplied with pgLx?sf] z'?jftL Oltxf;
a list of federally recognized x]g]{ xf] eg] pgLx? ufpFdf
Yofª\;luleª\usf] rf8, 6sL{
American Indian tribes.]) a:g] / v]tLkftL ug]{
hftsf] r/f] / cflbjf;L ;DalGwt
– r]/f]sL (Cherokee), u/]sf] kfOG5 . s'g} ;d"x eg]
gfefxf] (Navajo), ;' (Sioux), (Mohegan), ≈o'/g (Huron), Ps ynf]af6 csf]{ ynf]df
lrKkf]cf (Chippewa), cf]gfo8f (Oneida), ;b}{ lzsf/ ub}{, vfgf Pjd\
rS6x (Choctaw), nsf]8f (Lakota), ;|f]tx? vf]Hg] u/]sf]
k'oAnf] (Pueblo), qmf] (Crow), l66f]g (Teton), kfOG5 . la6 dfbf{dfb}{
ckfr] (Apache), xf]kL (Hopi), cd]l/sfsf] ;+3Lo ;/sf/n]
Ol/sf]o (Iroquois), Og'o6 cd]l/sg OlG8og hghflt;Fu
kfOnf alnof] 6]Sg'' 5
lqms (Creek), ANofslkm6 gofF ;+;f/df cfof] . efiff
(Inuit) . ;Demf}tfx? u/]/ pxfFx?nfO{
(Blackfeet), ;]ldgf]n (Semi-
a'em\b}g . dfG5] lrGb}g . sfd
•• cf/If0fx? lbPsf] 5 . of]
hfGb}g . nfU5, d]/f] lx+8fO
nole), ;fog (Cheyenne), o'/f]kaf6 gofF afl;Gbf a;fOF cf/If0fn] 3/]n', :jflwg kf] ldn]sf] 5}g ls <Û d]/f] njfO
o/fjfs (Arawak), ;g'{cl3 cd]l/sg OlG8ogx? /fi6«x?sf ?kdf klxrfg kf] ldn]sf] 5}g ls <Û k|Zg}–
zfgL (Shawnee), df]xLUofg xhf/f}+ jif{b]lv pQ/ cd]l/sfdf lbPsf] 5 . k|Zgsf] y'k|f]n] lyR5 . hjfkm
5}g .
c+u|]hL zAb ;"rL 35 sf];Fu xf]nf, pQ/ < hjfkm
vf]Hg s;n] ;3fpnf < of]
c+u|]hLdf ;fwf/0f af]nrfn ug{ rflxg] sl/a # xhf/ zAbdWo]af6 k}+tL;f}+ ;"rL -efu #%_ d'n'sdf cfPsf] csf]{ xfdLh:tf]
s;}n] ;3fpg ;S5 . xf], oxL
• chat : • cheaply : k/LIf0f, /f]stf]s, ?h', le8fg, p2]Zon] jif]{lg oxfF cfpg] dfG5]
gfd– s'/fsfgL, aftrLt, ukm, gfd– ;:tf] jf sd d"Nodf . lgu|x, lgoGq0f, a}+ssf] r]s . sf lglDt x'g] …cfk|jf;L
jftf{ . • cheat : lqmof– hfFRg', ?h' ug'{, /f] ;dfof]hg ;Dd]ngÚsf] rrf{ o;
gfd– 7u, wf]s]afh, w"t{,
lqmof– ukm ug'{, aft dfg'{, jftf{ Sg', /f]lsg', lgoGq0f ug'{, afwf c+ssf] ljifo ag]sf] 5 .
ug'{, s'/fsfgL÷aftrLt ug'{ . k|j~rs, sk6L, nk/rf]§f, k'¥ofpg', 5]Sg', bfFHg', le8fpg', xfd|f] d'Vo ljifo–j:t' s]jn
• cheap : w'tfxf . bafpg', lg/LIf0f ug'{, k/LIff ;dfrf/h:tf] dfq ePsf] 5 .
gfd– ;:tf], v}/ft], ;'ky, ;'ne, lqmof– 7Ug', w'Tg', lhK6\ofpg', o;nfO{ vf]tNb} hfg] hdsf]{
ug'{, aGb ug'{, cj/f]w k'¥ofpg',
;fdfGo, ljgfd"Nosf], df]ntf]n . wf]sf lbg', hfn ug'{, lx:; …cIfl/sfÚn] ug]{5 . yk
ekf{O{ lng' . hfgsf/L lbg]5 .
ljz]if0f– sd d"Nodf, sd kfg'{, a}7\ofpg', 5sfpg', 5Ng', • cheek :
d"Nosf], ;:tf], cNkd"Nosf], sd a]OdfgL ug'{ . clg, csf]{ jif{ z'? ePsf]
gfd– ufnf, ufnf cfsf/sf] . 5 . @! j6f /fHodf ePsf]
bfdsf], ;'ne, sd df]nsf], sd • check : lqmof– c6]/L x'g', w[i6 x'g' . Hofnf j[l4 csf]{ ljifo 5 .
dxÎjsf], tNnf] :t/sf] . gfd– /f]s, afwf, c8\sf], hfFr, qmdzM wGojfb
Gyan Jyoti Kendra, 49 Lane Road, Chichester, NH 03258, Email : aksharica.communication@gmail.com, URL : http://gyanjyotikendra.org/,
Editor : Rajesh Koirala, Co-ordinator : Tara Acharya, Managing Director : Sattan Acharya